How to make a branch chopper with your own hands

Keeping your home warm during the chilly months while also ensuring energy efficiency is a concern for many homeowners. Proper insulation and effective heating systems play crucial roles in maintaining a comfortable indoor environment and reducing energy bills. However, there are often overlooked aspects of home maintenance that can contribute significantly to both warmth and savings. One such aspect is the efficient disposal of branches and yard waste. Instead of letting them clutter your yard or paying for disposal services, why not repurpose them into a useful tool? In this article, we"ll guide you through the process of creating your own branch chopper, a simple yet effective solution to manage yard waste while also providing a source of material for your home"s heating and insulation needs.

Before delving into the construction process, it"s essential to understand the benefits of having a branch chopper at your disposal. Firstly, it allows you to repurpose branches and other yard waste that would otherwise end up in landfills or require costly disposal services. By converting these materials into smaller pieces, you create a valuable resource for various applications around your home. Additionally, using a branch chopper can save you money on heating and insulation expenses. The finely chopped branches can be used as mulch to insulate soil, reducing moisture loss and weed growth in your garden beds. Moreover, they can serve as fuel for wood-burning stoves or fireplaces, providing sustainable heat while minimizing reliance on fossil fuels.

Let’s now examine the fundamental parts and design factors to build your own branch chopper. To support the chopper mechanism, you’ll need a strong base. Depending on your preferences and the materials you have on hand, you can build this base out of metal or wood. The actual chopping mechanism is made up of one or more blades that are fixed to a revolving shaft and driven by a motorized system or by hand force. The blade should be safe to handle while in use and sharp enough to cut through branches with ease. To avoid mishaps, think about adding safety features like guards and emergency shut-off switches.

Prioritize durability and compatibility with the types of branches you’ll be processing when choosing materials for your branch chopper. Branches made of hardwood might need motorized systems and stronger blades than those made of softer materials like greenwood. To keep your chopper operating at its best and extend its lifespan, make sure all moving parts are properly maintained and lubricated. Your DIY branch chopper can be a dependable tool for handling yard waste and improving the sustainability of your house if you give it the proper thought and materials.

For the "Heating and insulation of the house" site, the main thesis could be: "Ensuring proper heating and insulation for your home is essential for comfort, energy efficiency, and cost savings. By implementing effective insulation measures and choosing the right heating system, homeowners can create a cozy and sustainable living environment while reducing energy bills and environmental impact."As for the article on "How to make a branch chopper with your own hands," here"s a simple main thesis: "Building your own branch chopper can be a rewarding DIY project that saves you money and helps you manage yard waste efficiently. With basic materials and some handy tools, you can construct a functional and durable branch chopper to easily turn tree branches and brush into mulch or compost material, reducing waste and enhancing your garden"s health."

Twig crusher from improvised means

Some masters start with pre-made devices, which just require the production of extra components or parts. Strong stationary motors can be replaced with an electric drill or bolgarka. Let’s look at the most popular choices for creating a chipper:

From a washing machine

An excellent "semi-finished product" for building a homemade shredder is the "washer" type activator. To install a knife on the motor shaft, which is slightly smaller than the diameter of the inner part of the tank, it will be necessary to disassemble the activator. The knife works on a similar principle to a coffee grinder, which has a sharpened plate mounted horizontally. The outlet cover is attached to a hole drilled in the tank’s lower side. The wood chips will be fed into the chopper while it is operating. Numerous practical tests have confirmed the design’s simplicity and dependability.

Because the washing machine motor isn’t very powerful—it rarely goes above 500 watts—you can shred grass or straw alone with the aid of such devices.

From a bolt cutter

To turn a Bulgarian drill into a shredder, you’ll need a metal container with a hole drilled in the middle for the knife. This hole serves as the bolgar’s axis, and a knife is mounted on it. The instrument is fixed in a stationary position to allow the knife to spin freely without colliding with the container walls. It is advised to reduce the tool’s rotational speed to the lowest setting in order to avoid producing "mashed potatoes" of green mass at the output.

It is advised to use a bolgar with a power of at least 3 kW to create a shredder.

From a drill

In order to use the drill as a shredder, you will need a stand (it is usually recommended to use an ordinary stool with a hole of 12 mm in the central part of the seat). A bucket with a similar hole in the bottom is installed on top, for immobility it is fixed to the stool with self-tapping screws. The blade, which is slightly smaller than the diameter of the bottom of the bucket, is mounted on an axle inserted into a bushing with a bearing. The bushing is attached from the bottom to the stool. A drill with a self-locking chuck is attached to the axle and started up. The device is suitable for processing green mass in small volumes.

You can expedite the process of chopping the material before adding it to the compost pit or stove, mulching the soil, and other tasks by building a homemade shredder for branches or grass stems. Making your own shredder is far less expensive than buying a pre-made item, and you can select the ideal design for your particular homestead from a range of options made from improvised materials and components. Since this kind of crusher is only used infrequently, installing it yourself can be both economical and simple, and the shredder’s efficiency merely hinges on how meticulously the work is done.

Types of cutting attachments

Different kinds of cutting attachments are used by factory-made crushers and hand-built units. The drive’s power and the machine’s overall design will determine which kind of cutting tool is selected.

The most widely used nozzles are as follows:

• disk with blades;
• milling;
• milling-turbine type.

The most basic loppers have a disk-shaped cutting tool with multiple flat blades on it. They work wonders with fallen leaves and grass when rotated, and they also grind up garden debris.

The shape of milling blades is a gear, to which multiple circular saws are fixed. With such attachments, grinding grass and branches is made simple, but the moisture content of the shredded waste must be kept an eye on. Because soggy grass and leaves can clog the cutter, it’s necessary to open the housing and clean the cutting edges.

The versatility of shredder-turbine attachments is what makes them so good at grinding and getting rid of large amounts of wood waste, branches, and grass. Their drawback is the challenge of doing independent manufacturing; it will probably be required to buy pre-made nozzles from shredder factories.

Frame manufacture

You must always build a frame for your construction, regardless of the type of construction you choose or its motor. It is comprised of a bed upon which the switch and the entire mechanism are mounted.

It can be welded using the following guidelines from angles and profile pipes:

1. To create the basis of the wind shredder with your own hands, drawings are the main thing. Just on them and need to select the height so that it was convenient to lay the source material. Basically, the base is made for the height of a person.
2. The structure must stand firmly in its place. Therefore, its width should be at least half a meter, and its length can be any length.
3. The strength of the bed can be ensured by welding additional crossbars.
4. For convenience in the transportation of the apparatus, you can install wheels on the design.

You must first specify where the motor will be located before you can begin drawing the shredder by hand. It needs to be positioned inside the bed so that its edges are not exceeded. This holds true for every model.

Turning out the shaft and milling and sharpening the spring knives is the hardest part of producing such an apparatus. These are not likely to be things you can do yourself, so they will come at a cost. If it is possible to remove a solid shaft from outdated machinery, like a circular saw, this kind of task can be completed more readily.

Alternatively, chips can be cut using the circular saw itself. The cutting mechanism needs to be installed on the circular saw’s drive, and everything is prepared. The device can also be powered by a mini-tractor’sengine;the proper belt transmission must be used.

Practical guide

You must acknowledge that making a lopper with your hands is not feasible without specialized knowledge of locksmithing and turning work before you begin. However, if such abilities are not available but such a device needs to be created, you can still order the work from knowledgeable experts and ask for their assistance. Setting up all required tools is also essential.

The process of creating a limb crusher conditionally can be divided into several stages:

1. To begin with, the desired design of the wind chipper should be selected.
2. Select the motor (electric or diesel), and also calculate the drive distance.
3. Preparing all the necessary parts and fitting them on the lathe.
4. Assembly of the frame.
5. Installation of the cutting mechanism and the drive to it.
6. Selection of the casing and protection for the design.

Selecting the appropriate schemes for the work is also crucial. Only after having at least some experience drawing such designs can someone make their own hand drawings of the branch shredder.

If not, ordering one from the masters will be required, which will require taking extra money out of the construction budget. Searching the Internet for these diagrams is an inexpensive solution. You must comprehend the design of the mechanism itself.

All of this makes sense for a belt-driven design because it’s easy to produce and run. In contrast to a gearbox transmission, in the event of a break, the belt will come loose from the motor’s shaft and pulley and cease to function.

Regarding the selection of design options for domestic use, the following are some suggestions that we can make:

1. Apparatus from circular saws – this is an ideal option in order to get small shavings and at the same time do not spend much on electricity or fuel oil.
2. If it is necessary to process branches of small diameter, but very long, then the best option will be a mechanism based on a jointer.
3. If it is necessary to crush a large number of branches with a diameter of up to 4 centimeters, then the best option will be the production of a disk chipper.

Gardeners frequently use recycled branches as the starting point for their compost. These chips can also be used to make braces and for direct heating purposes, as well as for heating the house.

After deciding on a construction method, you can safely start assembling all the required components and equipment.

Classification of branch shredders

It’s important to know how much wood waste will need to be handled in terms of thickness when making a garden cutter. The maximum diameter of woody trimmings influences the choice of design, operating parameters, and technical characteristics of the unit, since all shredders of organic debris can be divided by the power of the electric motor and the knife block’s operating principle.

According to the type of power unit used

Both internal combustion engines and electric motors can be used in garden shredders. The former has the advantages of simplicity, compactness, and operability. However, a genuinely mobile installation can be made with a gasoline or diesel power unit, and their power enables you to process branches that are thicker than 10 cm.

Internal combustion engine shredders are more powerful and portable than electric ones.

Using an electric motor in a do-it-yourself project is simpler. In this instance, the mechanism’s overall cost is lowered, the equipment installation and operation are made simpler, and the motor’s start-up and warm-up are ensured without the need for additional units.

The following elements should unquestionably be taken into account when selecting an electric power unit:

• motors up to 1500 W can be used for small volumes of work and twigs with a thickness of no more than 2 cm;
• 3 – 4 kW power units are the best option for country plots with small gardens. They can be used to crush branches up to 5 cm in diameter, which is enough for a small private farm;
• electric asynchronous machines from 6 kW can process thick branches (from 10 to 15 cm) into wood chips for a long time and are recommended for use in large farms. The electric motor provides the homemade shredder with simplicity and low cost

It should be mentioned that strong motors need three phases to be connected. The best solution is a gasoline or diesel power plant if the standard two-phase network with a voltage of 220 V is used. Most of the time, its 5–6 liter capacity will be plenty.

By the design of the knife block

The diameter of branches that can be shredded and the size of the processed chips that are produced at the unit’s output are determined by the design of the garden shredder’s blade unit. In contrast to more sophisticated devices, which can crush thick branches and either grind them into trash or produce sections that are 10 to 15 cm long, the simplest devices can only process thin branches, cutting them into sections that range from 2 to 10 cm.

The factory knife design is typically offered in three variations:

• disk-knife unit, which is used for grass and twigs no thicker than 2 cm; Garden shredder with a disk-knife unit has a simple design, but is unable to process thick branches
• a milling-type cutting system, which can easily cope with thick branches, up to 8 cm. The only condition is that the raw material must be dry, otherwise the cutters become clogged with wood fibers and require constant cleaning; The use of cutters allows working with any organic debris
• screw and turbine-milling cutting units are the most productive and versatile – they can equally easily process raw and dry branches of rather large size into wood chips. The use of combined turbine-milling or auger cutting units provides the device with high productivity

Since it is difficult to replicate the auger or turbine-milling design in handcrafted constructions, artisans use one of the following cutting unit schemes as a basis:

• twin-shaft system with several knives;
• disk-knife unit;
• a set of circular saws or milling cutters.

Since all three variations are created with parts and pieces from abandoned cars and farm equipment, as well as bits of corners, pipes, and other materials, they can all be made at home with little expense. You are unable to function without the elements you have purchased. You will need to purchase circular saws, cutters, and other necessary parts if you don’t already have them.

How to make a garden twig shredder

The following actions are taken in a step-by-step manner when making a shredder:

• Selecting the type of the working organ, creating a working drawing.
• Ordering parts from specialists. If it is possible to produce machine tools, this item is automatically canceled.
• Gathering the necessary materials and tools.
• Manufacturing of parts, assembly and testing of the device.

To gain a more comprehensive understanding of the dimensions, connection techniques, and other details of the assemblies and construction elements, a working drawing must be created. especially considering that some parts will need to be ordered from a turner, which calls for a drawing that is executed with skill.

The first action is the selection of the type of cutting organ. It is conditioned by the capabilities of the owner, the nature of the upcoming actions, the composition and parameters of the material, the volume and duration of the work. It is necessary to take into account the complexity of replacement, adjustment and sharpening of cutting tools, their durability, the ability to grind different types of green matter. In addition, it is necessary to be able to order or manufacture independently this or that type of working assembly. The most efficient design is considered to be a design with two knife shafts. But for its manufacture you will need two absolutely identical shafts, connected with each other by a gear transmission, which ensures synchronous rotation.

The node is difficult to adjust the knives on in addition to being complicated to manufacture.

They must be installed on the shaft and sharpened on a regular basis, which is a challenging task.

A flat knife disk is a more straightforward version of the design.

The primary benefit of this option is that the disk can be installed directly on the electric motor shaft, negating the need to create a drive shaft. To organize the chip ejection, all that is needed is a disk and a protective cover with a guide screen, since the disk doesn’t require a lot of space for seating.

The cutting organ, which consists of a set of flat milling cutters or circular saws on wood, is easily fashioned from a circular saw’s drive shaft.

An existing circular saw with a 32 mm shaft that fits medium-sized circular saw blades can be easily converted. Another option are flat wood routers, which have a 32 mm seating diameter. In this instance, installing a protective cover and a compact chip ejection guide device will be all that is required.

The shredder construction project calls for specific equipment and supplies. Required:

• Sheet metal for making the casing, hopper, protective shields.
• Steel angle or channel to create the frame of the shredder.
• Fastening elements – bolts and nuts, necessary for connecting the protection elements, mounting the working tool, etc.п.
• Welding machine with electrodes.
• Electric drill with a set of drills.
• Bolgar, metal hacksaw.
• Ruler, tape measure, scribe for markings.
• Puncher, hammer.
• A set of wrenches, screwdriver, pliers.
• Paint can, brush.

This is not a comprehensive list; additional materials or tools might be helpful based on the designer’s vision.

How to build a shredder in this order:

1. A frame is assembled from angle or channel bars.
2. The cutting unit is installed on the frame.
3. A platform for mounting the electric motor with a tensioning device is attached. If it is planned to use a gasoline engine, fastening is made on the basis of its design.
4. The pulleys are installed and the drive belt is tensioned.
5. The protective cover is assembled and fixed on the frame.
6. It is recommended not to attach the shredded material ejection guide immediately, but to test the installation in operation. Sometimes it happens that the chips fly too far away, which is inconvenient for the owner and greatly pollutes the site. The deflector is adjusted to the optimum position by experimentation and then finally attached.
7. The assembled and tested in operation device is painted to give a neat and smart appearance.

It is not unusual to discover that a working drawing error has been made, affecting how well the installation is performed. Typically, the issue is with the housing’s shape, which can lead to chips getting stuck in tight spaces, or the deflector’s incorrect shape. This results in an overly wide discharge or scattering of the material, or conversely, a buildup of crushed material at the outlet because of obstructions brought on by an improperly configured deflector. It is advised to perform a trial installation first and fix any issues that are found before assembling it completely.

Video: How to make a shredder

Materials required

Locating and removing the components from the outdated equipment is the best approach to save money when choosing and getting ready for all of the parts. Locating them in the dacha economy is not too tough.

To put together the design’s framework, you must get ready the following components:

• Angle from 4 to 6 centimeters wide.
• Two angles 3-4 centimeters wide.
• No. 4 to No. 10 channel.
• Round pipes with a diameter of 4 centimeters.

The motor is placed on a one-centimeter-thick metal sheet whose dimensions should be three to five centimeters larger on each side than the motor itself.

There are two ways to tighten the belt:

• Holes made in the sheet, on which the motor will be mounted, are made oblong. This allows the motor to be moved aside and its position to be changed.
• The same plate is mounted in such a way that one end of it is on a hinge and the belt will be tensioned by the weight of the motor itself. On the other side of the plate is mounted on two studs and tightened with bolts.

You will need to purchase twenty to thirty circular saws with hard metal tips in order to complete a basic construction. Additionally, washers with a 2 centimeter diameter must be ready for the saws. This will yield a working cutter that is 8 centimeters long. If needed, the length of the cutter can be adjusted by adjusting the number of saws.

It is crucial to understand that fixing saws in close proximity to one another is strictly prohibited. This is justified by the fact that the disk’s teeth are somewhat thicker than its base, so washers should be used to adjust the saws’ distance apart.

It is necessary to mill a steel rod for the shaft that the saws will be attached to and that is powered by belts. However, you must first buy or locate two bearings that match the diameter of the shaft that will be machined. The housings for the bearings need to be made. If you don’t want to do it yourself, there are ready-made designs available on the internet or in stores.

The shaft must have a thread cut in order to install the saws on it. A handwheel can be made out of a steel disk that is one centimeter thick. Alternatively, you could use a standard VAZ car or a pre-made flywheel from farm equipment. For branches, a base plate that is one centimeter thick must also be prepared. A steel plate can be used to cut it out.

If the selected design resembles chopping knives, an average planer drawing can be used as a starting point. In this instance, changing the axle diameters of the bearings that have already been chosen is all that is required. It is preferable to narrow the cutting mechanism’s width to 10 centimeters since a wider one is superfluous. Typically, truck springs are used to make the chipper’s blades, which are then sharpened in advance.

For this construction, the following accessories must also be ready:

• A steel circle 2 centimeters thick and 5 centimeters in diameter. Dimensions may vary depending on the power of the motor itself.
• A sheet of metal at least 4 millimeters thick. A counter-knife for branches is made of it.
• For the hopper, a metal sheet 2 millimeters thick.
• A set of bolts and nuts for fastening.

Selection of motor and belt transmission

The ability to process thick branches will directly affect the motor’s power. If the motor has the proper specs and technical attributes, it can be bought on the market. However, it is preferable to purchase or remove the motor from outdated machinery. You can save a ton of money in this way.

You should pay attention to the following advice in order to make the best choice possible:

1. For an electric motor, the ideal values would be a force of 2 or more.5 – 3.5 kW, but at least 2 kW. Smaller motors can be used for collecting grass and small branches.
2. The diesel motor, in turn, should have at least 5-6 horsepower. Similar engines are put on ordinary motorized blocks.
3. Buying and installing an electric motor of high power is not reasonable, because it consumes too much energy, and the work done will not correspond to it. It can only be installed if it is just lying around in a shed or if it has been removed from old machinery that is not in operation.

When selecting a motor, the speed is not as crucial because a pulley can increase it due to the belt transmission.

The engine speed of the windshredder must be at least 1500 revolutions per minute in order for it to properly process tree waste. It is the applied torque or force that counts, not the speed of the blade itself. Additionally, the distance between the pulleys is not very important. In this instance, the only distinction might be a decrease in belt tensioning force and efficiency.

It is important to consider the intended use of a design before placing an order for a turner that makes pulleys. It could be a good idea to create multiple streams in the pulley so that the cutting shaft’s revolutions can be readily adjusted. For processing grass and corn stalks, for instance, lower speeds can be adjusted, and for processing tree branches, higher speeds.

Fabrication of the housing

We can now proceed to the housing’s manufacturing since the primary operating component of the shredder is essentially understood. To accomplish this, we will need a metal sheet that is at least 5 mm thick, from which we must cut two identical pieces. These are the plates that will be on top (cover) and below (base). They have the appearance of two geometric figures superimposed on top of each other: a rectangle and a circle. With knives, the circle’s diameter should be three to five centimeters bigger than the flywheel.

The completed components in our instance resemble this:

This image shows every component that will be required to assemble the housing. The hull’s side wall is represented by the curved strip of metal at the very top. To reinforce the hull, small gray barrels with a rectangular cross-section are positioned at the bottom left. In order to allow sufficient clearance for the flywheel to rotate, the bend radius of the strip should be marginally greater than the flywheel’s radius when using knives.

You can move on to assembly once the shredder’s housing components are all ready, but welding is required for this step. The bottom plate must first have a curved metal strip welded to it.

Verify that there is a sufficient space between the disk and the side wall.

You can weld to the barrel’s side wall and bottom plate (from the outside) if everything is normal and there is enough space between the wall and the disk. After that, you can fully weld the assembled structure from the inside out.

The barrels are threaded, as the picture illustrates. They can be drilled through and secured with long studs instead of bolts in order to bolt the upper plate-cover to the body.

Drilling holes in the cover in line with the keg locations is required once the body’s main component has been welded.

Drilling holes for the drive shaft is also required in the bottom plate and cover. This is the location of the flywheel that holds the knives.

And drill holes for the support bearings to be fixed.

The only thing left to do is create a receiving hole through which the material (branches, twigs, etc.) will be fed into the knives on the disk with knives; otherwise, the disk is nearly complete.

It is important to make the opening so that the branches feed at an angle. This is required to stop branches from being thrown in the wrong direction.

The assembly of the shredder’s main unit, which includes the drive shaft, disk, and knives, can, in theory, be done now.

By the way, you can paint the product’s components before joining them all.

Vetok-25 izmelchitel

Vetok-30 izmelchitel

Vetok-31 izmelchitel

Vetok-33 izmelchitel

Vetok-32 izmelchitel

Have you possibly noticed the nuts on the flywheel around the shaft?

There must be clearances to keep the handwheel’s bottom plates from rubbing against the housing’s base. The flywheel will rest on a bearing beneath it while in operation, applying heavy loads. Thus, the bearing’s clearance between the disk and the housing’s bottom plate was taken into consideration when choosing the bottom strips, which are welded to the disk.

Vetok-34 izmelchitel

Vetok-35 izmelchitel

Vetok-36 izmelchitel

Zetok-37 izmelchitel

Zetok-38 izmelchitel

It will now be easy to install on a wheeled frame that you can make out of a corner and some channel. This is the frame of a power tiller trailer, for our purposes.

Installing the belt pulleys on the shaft and the motor itself are the next steps.

Everyone can complete this step in their own unique way, but if you choose to use a heavy flywheel, as we did in our variant, keep in mind that the motor needs to be chosen with the right amount of power.

Let’s now examine how this unit operates without a load at idle.

Shredder with an intake socket installedWe are currently testing our DIY branch shredder.

Please use the form below to ask any more questions you may have, dear readers. We are excited to speak with you.

We suggest reading more articles on the subject.

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Wood lathe with their own hands: manufacturing options

Grass and thin branches shredder

Crucial! Avoid hand-directing branches toward the shredding area while working. For this purpose, use a special board or a thicker branch.

You can simplify the construction if you do not need to use a wood chipper or dispose of thick branches. Strong teeth are not necessary because we use a knife to shred cabbage instead of a shredder.

The illustration illustrates the device’s basic working principle:

The disk cutter removes tiny grass or branch fragments from the bundle by spinning rapidly. Such a machine has a high productivity and the process happens very quickly.

You can use any round container, like an old pot or bucket, as a working hopper. Strength is not as crucial because thick branches cannot be crushed. Alternatively, you may weld a thin-sheet steel box. These designs are frequently made using what are known as "snails" from outdated ventilation systems.

The electric motor, fan housing, and shaft can all be used simultaneously. The grass chopper is ready; just need to make a cutting tool.

As knives, you can use hard alloy plates that have been sharpened on opposite sides or a metal disk with slots specifically designed to hold the knives.

When the grass reaches the slots, it is finely shredded and blown into the side opening. The key is to operate the feeding socket in a way that prevents limbs from penetrating the cutter; otherwise, the device is fairly safe.

When completed, the construction is portable and small.

Any electric motor up to 1 kW in power or a standard angle grinder (bolgarka) can be used as a drive.

Three types of homemade shredders

Due to the difficulty of constructing a screw and turbine-milling shredder at home, proficient individuals favor assembling disk-type designs, twin-shaft shredders, and shredders made from circular saws.

Variant No. 1. Shredder of the twin-shaft type

Although it is the most powerful machine that can be made by hand, using it will also require a lot of labor. On the box frame, two circular shafts are positioned vertically and in the center. On each shaft, there are multiple detachable knives installed. You will obtain finer chips at the output if there are more knives around the shaft perimeters.

You can shred branches up to 8 cm in diameter with a two-shaft unit.

1. Throat;
2. Support frame;
3. The frame of the cutting block;
4. Cutting shaft;
5. Transfer shaft;
6. Transfer belt;
7. Motor;
8. Platform.

Drawings on a frame depicting a twin-shaft shredder.

Double-shaft shredder: this powerful machine is meant for thick branches and big volumes.

It is best to pay attention to the disk system when shredding small shrubs. For those who are interested in power, this article’s video below demonstrates how to build a twin-shaft shredder by hand.

Option No. 2. Shredder with a cutting disk

Disc shredder: This is the simplest to assemble; the key is to make the knife disk properly and to not economize on the quality of the knives.

Diagram illustrating the belt-driven shredder mechanism.

Direct attachment of the disk to the motor shaft is an option if your motor is 3 kW or greater. A transfer mechanism is employed for devices with lower power.

The cutting disk can be installed directly on the shaft with a strong motor.

Variant No. 3. Circular saw disks

The manufacturing process for a shredder made of circular saws is also fairly straightforward. In addition to ordering a set of disks, you also need to order a shaft on which the disks will be threaded.

Illustration of a circular saw shredder’s cutting unit.

There are a few things to keep in mind when assembling. First, the disks need to be threaded onto the shaft through washers that are 7–10 mm thick rather than directly onto the shaft. Second, the arrangement of the teeth on adjacent disks should be either chaotic or diagonal rather than on the same line.

In circular saws, it is preferable to arrange the teeth diagonally.

Features of the device

A wood chipper is an extremely practical inventory. The majority of gardeners, however, prefer homemade solutions because not everyone can afford such a purchase. But can a device be made without the necessary welding and locksmithing equipment and skills? Regretfully, no. Even a basic circular saw-based branch chipper requires meticulous assembly in order to be made. Additionally, professional craftsmen should be consulted for the creation of shafts and bearing housings. These stages can be used to conditionally divide the entire process:

Milling water with their own handsA list of siderates for winter

1. Finding a suitable shredder design.
2. Selecting the power unit and calculating the main gear.
3. Selection of metal assemblies and parts that need to be turned out with a lathe.
4. Assembly of the frame.
5. Installation of the drive, cutting parts and belt transmission.
6. Installation of the protective cover and hopper.

The following guidelines ought to direct the production:

1. If the priority is to obtain fine wood chips with minimal resources, give preference to circular saw models.
2. If you are going to chop small-diameter branches into a larger fraction, the ideal solution will be a cutting mechanism, such as a shredder.
3. If you want to chop branches in large quantities, equip disk chippers.

By the way, mulch and compost are frequently made from small shavings and chips. Furthermore, it produces fuel briquettes using its basis, which are subsequently used to heat individual residences.

Once you’ve made your chipper selection, get the parts, supplies, and tools ready. But first, there are a few important things that must be finished.

Assembly of the homemade unit

You must get ready in order to make a shredder:

1. Set of circular saws on wood with large teeth made of hard alloy – 25 pcs. Sold in stores. Seat (inner) diameter of saws 20 mm, outer diameter 180 mm.
2. Threaded stud M20 – 1 pc. is used as a shaft. Available in stores or can be custom-made.
3. Separating washers with thickness of 5 mm, outer diameter of 130 mm and hole of 20 mm – 24 pcs. Make your own from plastic or plastic material.
4. Galvanized steel sheet 1.5 – 2 mm thick for making the hopper and the casing.
5. Ball bearings – 2 pcs. inner diameter 20 mm. Can be used.
6. Fastenings for ball bearings – 2 pcs.
7. Steel pipes, channel and angle for frame construction.
8. Pulley on the motor shaft – 1 pc. outer diameter 60 mm. Select or make.
9. Pulley on the shaft of the cutting block – 1 pc. Outer diameter 120 mm. Select or make your own.
10. Nuts M20 – 2 pcs. for the block shaft.
11. Nuts, bolts and screws for fixing various parts (bearings, moving elements of the belt tensioning system, etc.). д.).
12. Drive belt – 1 pc.
13. 3 kW electric motor. It is possible to use a used.
14. Cable and starter for supplying power to the electric motor.

The expert’s note: It is critical to look for inter-turn problems in the motor.

Additionally, preparation is required:

• welding machine;
• bolgarka;
• Metal shears or a chisel and hammer;
• wrenches and screwdrivers for nuts, bolts and screws;
• metal brushes for cleaning welding seams;
• primer and paint for painting the finished unit.

Here’s how the shredder is put together:

1. From pipes, channel and angle bars cut blanks for the frame.
2. The frame is welded together.
3. A package of saws and separating washers is assembled on the shaft of the cutting unit.
4. Bearings are put on both ends of the shaft.
5. A large-diameter pulley is mounted on the long end of the shaft.
6. The shaft is fastened to the frame with bolts and nuts.
7. A small diameter pulley is installed on the end of the motor shaft.
8. The motor is attached to the frame so that both pulleys are on the same side.
9. A belt is put on both pulleys, the tension of which is adjusted by moving the motor.
10. Cut the blanks for the hopper and cover from sheet metal.
11. The blanks are welded.
12. The hopper and casing are put in place and fastened to the frame with bolts and nuts.
13. A cable with a starter is connected to the electric motor.
14. Perform a test run and check the performance of the machine.
15. Welded seams and metal are cleaned, coated with primer and painted.

Professional Advice: The galvanized metal hopper doesn’t require painting.

The shredder’s benefits over circular saws are:

• ease of manufacture;
• high productivity;
• ability to process large and small diameter branches;
• carbide saw teeth are virtually wear-free and last a long time.

Drawbacks:

• Chips get clogged between the saws and need to be cleaned.

For garden maintenance, a small branch shredder will be a dependable helper.

Watch the video to see a skilled user describe in great detail how to operate a hand-made branch shredder:

Types of garden shredders, main assemblies and elements

A cutting mechanism, drive, loading hopper, and frame with cladding make up a shredder. They can also have a hopper that holds shredded organic material. Using the auxiliary tools, a pusher and a sieve are utilized to extract a specific percentage of chips. Re-shredding of the residue on the sieve is requested.

The kind of drive and cutting system used in garden shredders determine their classification.

Cutting systems

Cutting systems are available for commercially available chippers.

• roller shredders – branches and bushes;
• Hammer – thin branches;
• milling – hard plant material;
• rotating turbine – thick branches;
• Knife – universal;
• trimmers (fishing line instead of blades) – grass, haulm.

Shredders with milling-turbine knives (number 1), hammer shredder (number 2), and knife disk shredder (number 4)

Other designs are available as well. For self-manufacturing, a circular saw knife and set work well. The most popular type is the knife, which can be fixed in two, three, or more pieces on a large disk or rotate in a two-roll pattern toward one another.

Drive type

Electricity or gasoline engines with two or four strokes can power garden shredder drives. In reality, when building the unit by hand, they either remove the motor from superfluous household appliances or use the engine from, which is idle for the majority of the year. The most important thing is that there should be enough power—at least 1.1 kW. If nothing works, you can purchase a new motor, but in this scenario the advantages of a homemade shredder are no longer as clear as they would be with a purchased item.

Certain shredders that solely handle soft raw materials—like succulent animal feed—might not require a drive and be run entirely by hand using human strength. The drawings of shredders you can construct yourself are shown below.

Handmade shredders by hand. A shredder with two knives: one for knives and one for contradiction plates. B: Multi-knife greens shredder: 1 knife; 2 contradictory plates; 3 base frame. B: Root vegetable shredder: 1 shell; 2 bearing; 3 drum; 4 cross; 5 handle; 6- the body’s end wall; 7 is the shield; 8 is the tray’s slope board; 9 is the stand; 10 is the body’s side wall.

The knives in the first image are made from old, single-sided saws that have been sharpened; in the second image, the knives and plates are made from a saw blade. The blades feature 5 mm pitch oblique saw-like teeth. To make work easier, both shredders have long handles. The third design’s functional component is shaped like a drum with sharp edges protruding from the notches.

Garden shredders

These days, there are various names for wood chippers, including chip cutter, wind chipper, shredder, chip crusher, wood chipper, limb crusher, and sawdust, plastic, and paper processing device. The components that make up the device are as follows:

1. Steel frame where all parts and mechanisms are installed.
2. The main drive – as it can be used an electric or fuel engine, running on gasoline or diesel. In the latter case, there is a gross selection of capacities.
3. Cutting parts.
4. Smooth transmission.
5. Protective casing.
6. 2 hoppers – one feeds the wood sticks and the other discharges the chips.

The sole component of a homemade shredder that varies is the cutting mechanism; all other components may vary in size. Drawings and plans are the first things you’ll need if you want to build a branch shredder yourself. Online, you can locate them. These are the most widely used fixes:

1. In the central part of the shaft is fixed 20-30 circular saws, which are equipped with durable teeth made of hard alloys.
2. A variant reminiscent of a circular machine fuganok. The shaft is equipped with longitudinal grooves (the number is determined by the power of the power unit), where there are carbon steel chopping blades. The branches are fed at an angle of 90 degrees to the blades.
3. Disc crusher for wood (it is not difficult to make it with your own hands), where the cutting elements are fixed on the plane of the steel circle, mounted on the shaft. In this case, the branches are fed at an angle of 30-45 degrees to the surface of the disk, which can be achieved with the help of a feed hopper.
4. Chopping device with two shafts that rotate synchronously. The cutting edges of the knives mounted on the shafts converge to a single point at the moment of rotation. In this way, the branches are effectively self-tightened after picking up and subsequently crushed. The wood is fed perpendicularly to the rotating knives.

On the free end of the shaft, a flywheel is frequently installed to enhance the shredder’s performance. This component is swapped out in disk models for a thick metal circle that has knives on it.

The main assemblies of the shredder

The shredder’s construction is made up of multiple components:

• Shredding mechanism;
• Hopper;
• Drive;
• Frame with casing.

Certain shredder samples come with extra units:

• Mechanism for advancing the material;
• Sieve for primary sorting of the shredded material;
• Receiving hopper for shredded garbage.

The drive unit and the chopping mechanism are the design’s primary components. They are the ones who carry out the task; the other nodes boost productivity or carry out extra duties. The drive’s function is straightforward and repetitive: it rotates the working shaft. The shredder’s capabilities are a little more intricate and are governed by its design. Let’s examine them in more detail:

Shredding mechanism

A cutting tool fixed on a rotating shaft is used by this unit to destroy the green mass. For the design of the chopping mechanisms, the factory offers the following options:

• Knife disk. Reminiscent of the operation of a vegetable slicer in a food processor. The knives are mounted on a flat disk in the direction from the center to the edges of the disk, feeding the shredded material at an angle of about 30° to the surface. Designed for processing relatively thin branches and stems up to 2 cm in diameter. The disk-knife unit is capable of shredding grass and branches up to 2 cm thick
• Milling design. The cutting unit is a knife shaft from an electric planer, a set of milling cutters or circular saws mounted on a common shaft and separated by washers. There is another variation of this type of construction, which consists of two identical knife shafts rotating synchronously. The shafts are adjusted so that the knives meet at one point on the frontal rotation surface, which helps to push the material inside the unit. The design is capable of processing material up to 8 cm in diameter, but working with raw branches or tree trunks is not recommended, as the chips from them are elastic and quickly clog the shredder passages. The cutter design can process branches up to 8 cm thick, but the material used must be dry
• Cutter-turbine knife design. It is a kind of a knife shaft, but with a cone-shaped design. The knives are mounted on two hoops located on the edges of the cutting surface, which facilitates the manufacture of the working body and reduces metal consumption. The machine is capable of working with dry or wet material, of different sizes or hardnesses – depending on the size of the cutting unit. Milling-turbine design allows you to cope with branches of almost any diameter

The most practical for independent manufacturing are:

• Two-roll designs, consisting of working rollers of the fuganochnogo type with 4 knives each.
• Disc design.
• A package of circular saws (alternatively, of wood milling cutters mounted in the same way – on a common shaft).

You select this option or that based on your personal preferences and abilities. Additionally, machinery tools that enable the production and assembly of a particular cutting organ version play a significant role in the machinery. Should you lack your own equipment, you will need to order the required parts from a turner, which will incur some expenses but yield a very polished end product.

Motor type and power

To rotate the working shaft, electric or gasoline (diesel) engines are used. The choice of drive is determined by its availability, power level, and the capabilities of the site. To operate an electric motor, you need to have a connection to the network (and if the motor is three-phase, the situation is somewhat more complicated), while gasoline motors are able to act more autonomously. There is another advantage of gasoline engines – they allow you to adjust the speed of rotation of the working shaft by changing the fuel supply, while electric devices operate in a single speed mode. In addition, the power of gasoline-powered devices is usually much higher, although there are also electric motors with high capacity. To create a universal unit capable of working with material of different sizes and strength, it is recommended to use a motor capable of developing a power of about 4 kW. This value is determined by experience and makes it possible to process at home practically any type of material.

Drawings of various designs of garden shredders

Let’s look at a few shredder designs that can be put together separately.

Drawing of hammer shredder

Branches, straw, corn stalks, and grain can all be crushed by a hammer shredder.

1 – feed hopper (sheet δ1 mm); 2 – rim of the feed hopper neck (angle 25×25); 3 – flap/valve (sheet δ1 mm); 4 – M6 bolt for coupler (8 pcs.); 5 – framing of the loading hole in the body (25 mm equal-shelf angle); 6 – M8 stud (8 pcs.).); 7 – outer drum of the body (pipe Ø 270×6); 8 – stator with grooves (pipe Ø 258×6); 9 and 20 – hammers and distance washers (sheet δ3 mm, hardened to hardness HRC 45-47, 72 pcs. and 70 pcs. respectively); 10 – bolt Ø 3 (4 pcs.); 11 – nut M20 with spring washer; 12 – hammer axis (circle Ø 22, 4 pcs.); 13, 14 – strapping spigots (25 mm equal-shelved angle); 15, 19 – gaskets (rubber, sheet δ3 mm); 16 – M8 nut of flange fixing (8 pcs); 17 – hammer rotor; 18 – flange (sheet δ5 mm, 2 pcs).); 21 – lock; 22 – drive shaft

Cutting tool – package of circular saws

One option for the shredder’s cutting system is a package of 15–30 circular saws fixed on the shaft. Certain artisans draw attention to the fact that plant debris rapidly clogs the saw teeth. Some assert that they have empirically attained good tool performance by positioning the teeth differently from nearby saws. Thin spacers, such as washers or plastic, should be inserted between the saws because the carbide teeth are thicker than the disk itself. The entire assembly should then be clamped together using nuts.

Fifteen saws in a package on the shaft

Motoblock small power, pulleys, and bearings—parts from an old VAZ car—can be used as a drive. The loading hopper mouth is shaped like a truncated pyramid, with a tiny outlet opening that is inaccessible to the human hand. To reduce the frequency of removing the shredded material from the shredder, it is preferable to build the frame higher.

Saw mounted on an M20 stud

Two-shaft chipper

This chopper chops branches into measured pieces from 2 to 8 cm long, convenient for heating a sauna or wood heating boiler. Its design is two shafts with blades – 3-4 pieces per shaft, rigidly bolted together. Blades can be milled from the spring of KAMAZ or MAZ. If you can find a bulldozer blade, it will work too. Shafts are fixed on solid sheets in parallel, at a distance sufficient for the knives to cut the branch, but not clinging to each other. Free rotation of the shafts is ensured by bearings, and their synchronization is achieved by a gear clutch moving by means of a belt (chain) from the engine. To drive this shredder, it is advisable to use a motor with high power, but lower revolutions.

Wheel mounts should be included in the frame if you want to make a mobile shredder.

How the shafts are arranged on the frame

Shafts for four knives cut from a square billet

The shredder in the video has gears: the driving gear, which transfers torque to the shafts, was located using the selection method, and the idler gears are from MTZ Shank, adjusted to the necessary size.

Preparing the material and frame

The process of building a wood chip cutter is very expensive. You can build the shredder for a lot less money if you can locate the material on the farm. The following metal kinds could work well for the frame:

• Equal-shelved single angle, width of which is 50-63 mm.
• 2 welded boxed angles of 35 mm each.
• Profile 4 by 4 cm.
• A channel, whose number can be from 6.5 to 10.
• Round tubes with a diameter of 32 to 48 mm.

The steel sheet on which the electric motor is mounted has a thickness of 10 mm and dimensions that match the spacing between the edge holes.

There are two ways to tension the belt:

• The holes for the motor mount are made oblong. They must be fixed with bolts.
• The plate is placed on one side on the hinges, and on the other side on the studs. This allows the belt to be tightened by the weight of the motor.

To make a basic DIY branch shredder for heating, you’ll need twenty to twenty-five two-centimeter attachment washers and circular saws with carbide tips. As a result, an 8 cm wide working area will be created. It can easily be made smaller or larger by taking out or adding plates.

Because the teeth on circular saws are thicker than the base, it is not permitted to attach them closely to one another. Washers are positioned in between the saws to make up for the discrepancy. Using a lathe, the shaft is milled from a steel rod. Prior to doing this, two bearings must be chosen. They will have the shaft milled to fit. Furthermore, a bearing housing with fixing edges needs to be constructed. You can easily find them in a store or purchase them by hand.

The shaft’s threads are then cut in order to attach the saws. A steel circle that is 1 cm thick is used in place of the flywheel. A pulley from agricultural machinery is also appropriate. As a steel base plate that can be used as a counterknife. It must be cut from metal that is at least one centimeter thick.

It will also be necessary to assemble the crushing machine using disks:

• Steel circles from 15 to 20 cm thick. Their diameter should vary from 40 to 50 cm. It depends on the power of the motor.
• Metal in sheets on the casing with a thickness of more than 5 mm.
• Metal sheet no thicker than 2 mm for welding containers.
• Bolts with nuts size 12-16.

A base must be made for any kind of shredder. At some point, the drive and the mechanisms will be connected to it. It is welded together using angles and pipes.

Particular suggestions for making the frame:

1. The height is adapted to your height. It is important that it is convenient to lay the raw material.
2. The width of the frame should not be less than 50 cm, otherwise the structure will not be stable.
3. Crossbeams are welded between the uprights to give the base rigidity.
4. For the mobility of the shredder, wheels and a handle are attached to the frame.
5. It is better to put the engine in the center of the base. It should not protrude.

Lop chipper

The channel 250 will be made out of the material used to make a motorized shredder. A pulley with a cross-section of 87 millimeters and 100 millimeter-long knives from the electric planer are also required. A receiving hopper needs to be constructed so that different branches can be loaded into it. A fixed, sharp disk blade on the hopper will chop branches to pieces. It is preferable to use disks that have an 80 mm diameter or less. M8 bolts are used to secure the disk. When processing wood, this will prevent the knives from becoming clogged with fine chaff all the time.

The most important thing is to install the knife at the proper angle of inclination. The branches will then be chopped very quickly.

Electric branch chipper with your own hands

There won’t be as much mess when shredding if you build a garden shredder with an electric motor, but connecting it to the machine is a problem in some areas of the site. It is exactly the same in principle as the one mentioned above. A 20-millimeter disk with three oval holes is needed for this type of shredder so that the legs can be attached later. A 3 kW motor will work best, but you can use a stronger one. If preferred, you can install the disk vertically or horizontally. Another name for it is chip chipper.

Two bearings must be installed; the upper bearing will serve as a support bearing and the lower bearing is an ordinary bearing.

A minor drawback of this type of garden shredder is that it is generally quite noisy; however, this can be fixed by verifying the disk’s balancing. To improve cutting, the branch feeder arm can also be angled slightly.

Thank you to the following websites for the excellent information: www.dachnaya-zhizn.ru and www.umeltsi.ru

Selection of the motor and determination of the belt transmission

An indication of the thickness of branches that can be processed by a homemade device is the drive power, for example.

1. For most purposes, electric motors with power ratings of 2.5-3.5 kW, but not less than 2 kW are quite sufficient. Power units with a capacity of 1.5 kW are suitable for the arrangement of shredders for grass and small branches. They will not cope with larger debris.
2. Gasoline or diesel engines must have a power of 5-6 horsepower. By the way, such units are installed on household power tillers and compact mini-tractors.
3. If you are going to buy a more powerful electric motor, it may not make sense to buy it. The point is that such a unit consumes too much electrical energy, but does not show high productivity of work.

But since there are so few pellets, the number of motor revolutions is essentially irrelevant. V-belt transmission provides the required cutting element rotation speed.

The knife shaft should spin at no more than 1500 revolutions per minute in order for the wood shredder to fulfill its hurrah duties. By choosing the proper driving and driven pulley diameters, you can attain these numbers. The torque or force produced by the blades is what matters most, not how quickly they rotate.

Additionally, there’s no need to pay extra attention to the length of the belt or the distance between the pulleys, unless the belt is excessively long, in which case the transmission’s efficiency is greatly reduced.

You could select the following calculation, for instance: consider an electric motor that will be mounted on the crusher and run at 2800 rpm. Cutting the shaft speed in half to 1400 rpm is the best course of action. In this instance, there will be a two-fold difference in the pulley diameters. For instance, the driven pulley has a diameter of 200 mm and the driving pulley measures 100 mm.

It is best to choose pulleys with three or four handles when ordering pulleys for a V-belt transmission in the lathe workshop. This way, you can adjust the working shaft’s revolutions by repositioning the belt. In this instance, a shredder can be modified to fit various operating environments, such as processing grass, corn, or sunflower stalks.

Fabrication of the disk shredder

The process of creating such a unit is simple. To construct a DIY branch disk shredder The following supplies are necessary:

• 4 mm thick sheet metal for making the hopper and protective casing.
• Fastening hardware.
• Thick strip of strong, hardened steel for making knives. You can use a spring from a truck.
• Rolled metal for the frame. A profile or round tube is ideal, or you can choose a ready-made frame.
• Flywheel or material for its manufacture.
• Shaft with a diameter of 20 mm. You can buy a ready-made one or order a turner.
• Two 307 bearings.
• Bearing shells, which will be welded to the frame later on.

You will also require a welding machine, a bolgarka, a drill, and their consumables in order to complete the task. The flywheel has holes drilled for the shaft. In the absence of a pre-made flywheel, one should construct one out of steel sheet approximately 15 mm thick.

Such work cannot be done at home; a turner-milling machine operator will be necessary. The knives are attached to the flywheel at a 30 degree angle after being cut out of a spring or strip. Next, the feed hopper and the frame are made. The assembly includes the flywheel, shaft, bearings, bearing cups, and frame.

The feed hopper and the protective cover are put in place. Installing the motor and connecting it to the working body via a belt or direct transmission constitutes the last chord. A mechanism for adjusting the belt tension must be included if a belt drive is chosen. The construction of a homemade disk-style branch shredder can be finished after painting.

Assembly of the unit with your own hands

Greasing the bearing cages is a prerequisite to moving on to the final creation step. Take off the plastic caps beforehand to accomplish this.

The shredder is then put together in the following order:

1. Washers are placed between the saws on the shaft and tightened on all sides with nuts.
2. Bearings are bolted to the shaft and then to the outer casing.
3. Put the handwheel and pulley on the shaft, fastening it firmly.
4. Counter blades are installed close to the tines.
5. Fasten the engine and gear by tightening the belt.

It is advised to use bolts to install the counterblade. It is not recommended to use welding since it will not allow you to adjust the space between the teeth and the plate’s edge. The saws’ teeth need to be on the counterblade. It’s time to install the hood and the raw material containers after every component is in place. They need to be easy to use and safe, regardless of their size. At last, the device is linked to the electrical grid.

Materials Needed	Tools Needed
Old bicycle frame	Angle grinder
Sharp metal blade	Welding machine
Wooden base	Drill
Motor (from an old appliance)	Wrench
Chain and sprocket	Safety goggles
Bolts and nuts	Gloves
Gasoline engine (optional)

If you want to effectively manage your garden waste, building your own branch chopper can be a fun and useful project. It’s possible to make a device that converts branches and trimmings into compost or useful mulch by recycling materials and using basic tools. This helps you take a more sustainable approach to gardening in addition to saving money on mulch purchases and disposal fees.

The flexibility that comes with building your own branch chopper is one of its main advantages. The design can be altered to fit your unique requirements and the materials you have on hand. You can modify the size and power of your branch chopper to fit the needs of any size garden or backyard. Because of its adaptability, you can design a solution that works well with your current gardening schedule.

Additionally, creating your own branch chopper can be entertaining and instructive. It offers a chance to exercise your creativity while learning fundamental engineering concepts and mechanics. As you plan and put together the different parts, you’ll acquire useful skills that you can use for other do-it-yourself home improvement projects. In addition, the satisfaction of witnessing your creation in use validates the effort.

The possibility for financial savings is another benefit of do-it-yourself branch cutters. Investing in a commercial chipping machine can be costly, particularly if it is only used occasionally. If you make your own, the final product will be identical but the upfront costs will be much lower. To further increase the lifespan and value of your homemade chopper, you can choose to fix and maintain it whenever necessary.

In conclusion, creating a DIY branch chopper is an affordable, adaptable, and useful way to handle garden waste. A homemade branch chopper can make it easy for you to accomplish your tasks, whether you want to mulch your flower beds, make compost for your vegetable garden, or just clean up your yard. Now roll up your sleeves, gather supplies, and get to work turning those branches into useful materials for your house and landscaping.

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