How to make a borehole drilling rig on your own: the simplest designs

Borehole drilling is frequently required for a number of projects, including the installation of geothermal heating systems and water wells. The most popular strategy is to hire a professional drilling company, but this can be costly. But you can construct your own borehole drilling rig if you have the necessary equipment and some basic do-it-yourself skills. We’ll look at some of the most straightforward designs for DIY borehole drilling rigs in this post, so you can save costs and finish the project on your own.

Although it may seem difficult, building your own borehole drilling rig can be a rewarding and affordable solution. Building your own rig gives you design control and allows you to tailor it to your own drilling requirements. A DIY drilling rig can be a useful and effective solution whether you’re drilling for soil sample, geothermal heating, or water.

Using simple, easily obtainable materials is one of the simplest designs for a do-it-yourself borehole drilling rig. Usually, these do-it-yourself drilling rigs are made up of a strong frame, a drilling mechanism, and a power source. With simple tools and step-by-step instructions, you can put together a working drilling rig in your backyard.

Although it takes some mechanical know-how and careful planning to build a homemade borehole drilling rig, DIY enthusiasts can complete the project. You can design a dependable rig that fulfills your drilling requirements by comprehending the fundamentals of drilling and adhering to safety regulations. You can take on your drilling project with confidence because we’ll go over some of the simplest and most affordable DIY borehole drilling rig designs in the upcoming sections.

Design Materials Needed
Simple Hand-operated Rig Steel pipe, hand auger, wrench, PVC pipe, wooden frame
Motorized Rig Gasoline engine, steel pipe, drill bit, gearbox, frame, pulleys, belt

What kind of drilling rigs there are?

The technique used to drill the well will determine how the device is designed. In percussion-channel drilling, a weight that is merely thrown downward is used to break up the ground. Once the loose soil has been removed, the cycle is continued until the well’s depth reaches the necessary depth.

Using a rotary drill for excavation is both simpler and more difficult at the same time. Less physical labor is needed, making them simpler; however, the intricate design, larger scale, and higher creation costs of these installations make them more complicated. A dependable drilling rig requires certain components that cannot be made on their own. While some items can be ordered from a skilled turner, others must be purchased from a specialized business. However, the end product will be a highly competent tool that can be utilized as a side gig to launch a lucrative contract drilling business.

Note: You can install pile foundations with homemade drilling rigs in addition to using them to drill water wells.

Four categories of small-size drilling rigs (MSBU) are distinguished by specialists:

  1. Drill rig for BHA – percussion-channel drilling. Represents a frame with a triangular base. The working elements are a rope and a bit or chisel fixed on it.
  2. Screw drilling rigs, when using which the soil is removed with the help of an auger, while washing the well with water is not used.
  3. Rotary drilling rigs working on the principle of hydro-drilling.
  4. Manual rotary units are the simplest variant that uses manual labor instead of an electric motor. Due to the high cost of physical labor, this type of MGBU is used quite rarely.

Even the most basic device of this kind requires a welding machine, drill, and bolgarka, in addition to the expertise to operate each of these instruments independently.

The most basic tool for manually drilling wells is a manual auger drilling rig. It is possible to raise the drill to the surface using an electric motor.

The simplest MGBU for percussion-channel drilling

Such a drilling rig will require the following to be made:

  • collapsible bed;
  • an impact chuck ("tumbler");
  • chute.

The installation is attached to a motor gearbox, on the drum of which a rope with a fixed chuck or chute is wound, to make drilling work easier. For efficient work, a chuck weighing roughly 80 kg will be required. The bottom hole is cleared of the disturbed soil using the chisel. Very efficient chute, especially on clay soils.

The "tumbler" or chuck is the primary component that operates on this kind of drilling rig. A piece of thick-walled pipe with a diameter of between 80 and 120 mm is required for its manufacture; the heavier the material, the better. Usually, there are cut triangle "teeth" at the bottom to loosen the soil, but you can leave this section of the chuck flat. Furthermore, the "cup’s" bottom edge is typically sharpened. To firmly secure the rope, multiple holes are drilled at the top. There is a 1-2 meter range in the chuck’s length.

Building a drilling rig for percussion-channel drilling is not hard; all you need is a frame, a powerful rope, a reasonably heavy chisel (drilling tool), and a winch with a motor to make work easier.

Soil is excavated using a chute in percussion-channel drilling. The image shows a homemade version of the percussion-channel drilling tool, which is used to extract and loosen soil.

It is advised to use a drill to drill a hole in the ground before beginning work, into which the chuck will be lowered. This hole’s diameter ought to be just marginally bigger than the chuck’s diameter.

We’ll look at the most basic designs for creating your own borehole drilling rig in this article. Having a DIY drilling rig can save you a lot of money whether you’re looking to install a geothermal system for heating and cooling your home or a well for water supply. We’ll go over the essential parts you’ll need and provide you detailed instructions on how to put together your own rig. You can build a drilling rig that works and fits your budget by using the appropriate equipment and supplies.

The simplest design of the screw MGBU

A drill is the operational component of such an installation. You will need a steel pipe with a 100 mm cross section to manufacture it. There is an external screw thread on the pipe’s upper end. An auger screw with a diameter of roughly 200 mm is made at the other end. It will be enough to turn the auger one or two times. The auger’s ends should have two steel blades welded to them so that when they are vertical, they are perpendicular to the ground’s horizontal surface.

You must weld a 1.5-meter-long piece of additional pipe to the tee, which has an internal screw thread, in order to make it easier to rotate the drill. Onto a portion of the collapsible rod, the tee is screwed. A section of one of these rods is likewise 1.5 meters long.

The drilling rig’s schematic diagram: Drill, collar, tee, collapsible rod, coupling, tripod, hole, winch, and gear wheel are the first nine items.

To remove the loosen soil, the drill is inserted deeper into the ground, rotated three times, and then removed. Until the deepening reaches approximately one meter, the procedure is repeated. Next, the rod needs to be extended, and to do so, another section of steel pipe is connected to it via a coupling.

In order to drill a borehole deeper than eight meters, the structure must be fixed to a specialized tripod derrick. You must drill a hole in the upper portion of this construction so that the rod can pass freely through it. A winch should be used to lift the structure because the rod’s weight increases with it and becomes more noticeable. Wood or metal can be used to build the tower.

In the video below, the operation of such a drilling rig is demonstrated clearly:

A satisfying and affordable way to get clean water on your land is to build your own borehole drilling rig. We’ve looked at some of the most straightforward designs in this article that you can make on your own with easily accessible materials and simple tools.

There are benefits and drawbacks to each design, whether you go with the cable tool, pounder, or tripod approach. You can modify these designs to fit your unique requirements and financial constraints by comprehending the fundamental ideas that underlie them.

Always keep in mind that when creating and operating a borehole drilling rig, safety comes first. Plan and build your rig carefully, and don’t be afraid to ask professionals for help if you have any questions about any step of the procedure.

By using the appropriate method and a little perseverance, you can build a borehole drilling rig that will free you from the need to pay for costly expert services and give you access to fresh, clean water whenever you need it.

Video on the topic

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Sergey Ivanov

I like to help people create comfort and comfort in their homes. I share my experience and knowledge in articles so that you can make the right choice of a heating and insulation system for your home.

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