A warm floor device in a wooden house

Warm floors are a popular feature among homeowners when thinking about heating options for a wooden house. They not only offer a reliable and cozy heat distribution, but they also raise the house’s overall energy efficiency. However, because wood is a unique building material, installing a warm floor in a wooden house presents a unique set of considerations and challenges.

Wood is a naturally insulating material, which helps to retain heat but needs to be handled carefully to avoid moisture issues and guarantee structural integrity. The choice of warm floor system, whether hydronic (water-based) or electric, can have a big effect on the flooring’s long-term performance as well as the installation process. Every system, suited to a variety of requirements and tastes, has advantages and disadvantages.

Furthermore, for a warm floor in a wooden house to function as effectively and efficiently as possible, proper installation is essential. This entails thinking about insulation beneath the heating elements, selecting flooring materials that are heat-resistant without warping, and making sure all the parts work together. A successful installation depends on careful planning and expert guidance to ensure that the heating system is secure, effective, and properly matched to the unique circumstances of your house.

Choosing materials for floor insulation. Their pros and cons of.

When building a house from the ground up, the floor is installed once the user is prepared. You can familiarize yourself with the article as one of the options for erecting the foundation of the house.

Various technologies exist. Warm flooring in a home made of wood. Like everything else, each has pros and cons of its own. While we won’t cover every possibility in this post, we will show you how to create a second floor.

You must first decide which kind of material to use for insulation.

2.1 insulation of the floor with expanded clay, sand or sawdust.

Good hygroscopicity, meaning it absorbs moisture wonderfully.

Keep the building from decaying and growing fungus.

Such insulation eventually loses its ability to absorb moisture and needs to be replaced. Consequently, the floor deteriorated and was destroyed.

2.2 insulation of the floor with mineral or fiberglass wool.

Mineral wool is made from different materials. Basically use stone crumbs, basalt, polystyrene foam, foam, isolon, foam, fiberglass, etc.

Minimal material weight.

Possess a strong constitution.

Select by clicking on the material. You should not purchase something like that if it does not go back to its original state.

They are excellent heat retainers.

It’s actually a pretty contentious question. To him, there is no conclusive response. This problem is not the same here as it is overseas. More people are doubtful.

After balancing the advantages and disadvantages, we can say that, on the plus side, Minvat should only be bought from reputable and established manufacturers. who don’t use phenol-formaldehyde resins, which are harmful to human health and life, and instead employ ecologically friendly binding materials in their production. When these materials are used, the result is a brown hue in mineral wool and a yellow color in fiberglass.

More costly pleasure than sawdust and sand

Once more, environmental friendliness alone is insufficient. Furthermore, using subpar materials is unquestionably a major disadvantage.

The order of insulation of the house is perlite

1. The construction of the house begins with foundation. Its type and form determine the need for insulation and the volume of materials for this. When the strip foundation is arranged and the presence of the basement, the walls of the base are insulated with heat -insulating stoves or plastered with a solution of the perlite mixture.
2. The significance of perlite sand in insulation of the walls of the house is great. Vomitted pendal sand is used with an embankment mass from 60 to 100 kg/meter cubic. After laying the walls, it is filled with a backfill in the cavity in layers after every three to four rows of masonry. To exclude sand shrinkage during operation, it is compacted with a simple tapping with a hard object.
3. The thickness of the walls, and therefore the size of the backfill, is determined when designing the house depending on the climatic conditions of the region. Wherein It should be remembered that the thickness of the perlite shelter of 3 cm in thermal conductivity is 15 cm of brickwork. The fedty of the sand allows you to tightly fill all the empty places of brickwork.
4. The next stage is the insulation of walls by perlite, the performance of plastering work inside the house. Plaster solution gives a clean smooth surface. After that, you can conduct the final wall decoration with any materials: wallpaper, paint, etc. D.
5. Upon completion of the construction of the walls, floor slabs are laid. Thoroughly sealing all the cracks and holes in the ceiling overlap is carried out. Then, a dense coating of old wallpapers or cardboard, on which the overwhelmed perlite sand is covered on reinforced concrete slabs,. Its tamping is performed.
6. During the construction of a two -story building or one -story, but with the device of an additional warm room in the attic area, a tamped pearlita insulation is spilled with a cement solution. Thermal protection of the ceiling becomes monolithic. You can lay the clean floor.
7. When placed in the attic of a warm living room, the roof is insulated. A double -tier roof frame is being built. The inner wall is made stable, strong and dense, perlite sand falls asleep onto it with tamping.
8. To warm the floor, it is necessary to carry out the same preparatory work as on the ceiling. In addition, embedded parts are inserted into holes for wires, pipes and other communal communications. The base of the floor is filled with a perlite mixture and trim. Next, the flooring of the floor, wooden or concrete, followed by its desired coating, is laid.
9. Another way of insulation is that instead of dry foamed perlite sand, a solution of foamed sand with a cement in a proportion of 10: 1 is poured into the insulated cavities. The process is more laborious, but increasing the quality of insulation of the object under construction.

Perlite wall insulation is a dependable, eco-friendly, and reasonably priced method.

Main advantages

Like any material, perlite has advantages and disadvantages. However, in spite of its drawbacks, it is an essential component of any building.

One can distinguish between the following benefits of using perlite as insulation:

1. Lightness that allows you to place it inside any frame structure without increasing its strength.
2. Resistance to fairly sharp temperature differences allows you to use it for external use under various weather conditions. Can withstand from -220 to +900 ℃.
3. Environmental safety, lack of toxicity in any operating conditions.
4. Not an allergen for the animal world, people.
5. Resistance to most acidic and alkaline compositions.
6. Not subject to corrosion processes.
7. Due to the density formed between the particles of the material during laying layers, a high level of sound insulation of the entire structure is achieved. Therefore, there is no need to use an additional layer of insulation of other origin.
8. Absolutely not subject to deformation from exposure to high temperatures of the domestic level. Ideal for the installation of warm floor systems in rooms.
9. The average price range in comparison with materials used for similar works.
10. Has high efficiency, rational and ergonomic in its application.

It will be appropriate to draw attention to the fact that perlite should not be used in rooms with a constant humidity of more than 10% or in environments with a consistently wet climate. It is not immune to these exposure factors.

When handling this material, keep in mind that active actions cause aluminosilicate dust to be released. When its tiny particles land on the mucous membrane, they can cause harm to the human body.

Thus, safety measures and covering exposed body parts are required during the mechanical sawing of the blocks and kneading of the solution.

Insulation using perlite

Tips and recommendations

Should you be seeking insulation for a sexual overlap, you ought to get in touch with materials that are more rigid. These products can withstand heavy loads without experiencing any degradation.

It is advised to use specific sheets and compress the packaging as much as you can when shipping perlite insulation. If not, the delicate material might sustain damage.

Consider foam if you’re searching for the least expensive and most reasonably priced material for your home’s thermal insulation. These coatings are inexpensive, but it’s important to remember that they light up quickly and can detect harmful materials by their distinct smell.

It is not advised to use polystyrene for insulation inside residential buildings because of these subtleties.

Only after the base has been thoroughly cleaned of all pollutants can the process of laying thermal insulation plates begin. Furthermore, all "wet" work needs to be finished before beginning the insulation installation.

Purchase thermal insulation slabs exclusively from reputable, sizable producers. If not, you could end up with toxic or low-quality material that not only won’t last long but could also be harmful to your health.

Choose slabs with appropriate dimensions. You must measure the area you want to insulate in order to accomplish this. Thus, the most typical measurements are 50–100 cm for width and 100–200 cm for length.

It is advised that you familiarize yourself with the quality certificate before making an insulation purchase. All of the product’s information ought to be highlighted. Verify that the material doesn’t contain any hazardous or poisonous materials. It is best to hunt for another insulation if you are confused by any of the parameters or if the seller won’t provide you with the necessary paperwork.

The following video will teach you more about thermally insular plates.

We study all known varieties

There are four ways to release this insulation in total: dry building mixtures, roofing models, backfill (also known as sand), and plates. You should be aware of a few features of these varieties.

Folden isolation

Rash insulation is the first of Perlita’s previous form factors. This material’s primary functions in house construction are to relieve the structure (it is less difficult than using a regular cement-sand mixture) and improve the structure’s thermal insulation capabilities. Usually, floors and interstory layers are filled with this kind of layer. It is frequently used to fill in the spaces left by masonry walls. It is used less frequently in place of or in addition to heated plaster.

The most convenient and practical shape is plates

About 60% of all perlite produced worldwide, according to official figures, is used to make heat-insulating plates. They are produced by hydraulic pressing, which makes them incredibly practical to use. Depending on the particular variety, the binder may change (bitumen, lime, polymer compounds, cement, liquid glass, etc.D.).

The hygroscopicity of this class of materials is relatively high. As a result, interior decoration is its primary use. Nevertheless, it can also be applied to exterior finishes when adding an extra moisture-proof layer. On the other hand, this is not entirely justified economically.

Roofing models

It is clear from the name that roofing is the primary application for these analogs. The so-called bitumenerite is utilized for this purpose. Such material is frequently used for buildings with unusual designs because it can be used to create a thermal insulation layer of any shape.

Crucial! This coating doesn’t need to be heated before use!

This variety’s average thermal conductivity is 0.067 W (m*C), which is an excellent outcome. You can use this coating even in the northern regions thanks to this coefficient. It’s also important to note that this insulation is non-flammable, which guarantees the building’s general security.

Dry building mixtures based on perlite

As a result of mixing cement and perlite sand, a very effective dry construction mixture is obtained. The solution is prepared very simply – just add water (that is, no additional additives, like a gas station or gypsum is not required). Basically, such composition is used to fill cavities in brickwork, grout of the seams and cracks, as well as creating a plaster layer with increased thermal insulation characteristics. In this case, it allows you to easily level the surface.

Peculiarities

Since the choice of heat-insulating materials directly affects how warm and cozy your home will be, it is important to make this decision carefully. These days, high-quality coatings that are used to warm up different foundations are sold in specialty stores. It could be the walls, the floor, or even the ceiling. Furthermore, a lot of manufacturers make useful plates that are intended for the exterior wall floors.

Masters claim that installing heaters in the form of plates is far more practical. You don’t need to use special, pricey equipment for this, unlike when using foamed polyurethane foam, for example. It is feasible to handle all of the work on your own, without consulting specialists.

It is important to remember that Tile thermal insulation, similar to its other modifications, cannot withstand moisture or water contact. Even though some materials do not absorb a lot of moisture, they nonetheless lose some of their advantageous qualities when exposed to it frequently. For this reason, these coatings are essential to high-grade waterproofing. It won’t be unnecessary to install a trustworthy vapor barrier. For instance, it is simply impossible to arrange a roofing system without such a "pie."

Most contemporary heaters are long-lasting, non-combustible, and sturdy. Of course, less expensive options exist, but they are regarded as being fairly brittle. To avoid breaking these plates, you must handle them with extreme caution.

Different thicknesses of tile thermal insulation materials exist. The positive quality of the coating is impacted by this parameter. Therefore, the sheets are warmer if they are thicker.

You can cut your home’s heating costs dramatically by using a high-quality tile heater. Many homeowners assert that their homes become extremely cozy and comfortable with a similar addition. People frequently declined to purchase extra heaters once they had dependable insulation.

These days, there is an excellent selection of heat-insulating materials. But keep in mind that there are a lot of hazardous and poisonous coatings on the market that are bad for household health.

For this reason, professionals suggest paying close attention to how environmentally friendly the purchased canvases are.

Perlite a new word in the insulation market

Perlit is currently regarded as one of the world’s best insulating materials. It is done by firing glass that contains volcanic ash and water at very high temperatures. The end product is light, loose, non-combustible, and biologically clean insulation.

Perlite has found extensive use in a variety of fields due to its unique physical and technical properties, which include the ability to be used at temperature fluctuations ranging from -200 to +900 °C.

The United States is currently one of the biggest producers and consumers of perlite.

It is utilized as a thermal insulation material for roofs, pipelines, chimneys, and other structures (like pools) as well as for floor bases and logging insulation production.

Apart from the building industry, perlite is also thought to have potential applications in metallurgy and cryogenic equipment.

Properties and advantages

The material’s exceptional "fluidity," which fully fills the spaces between the masonry, makes it a popular choice for construction. In addition, ants, different parasites, and insects won’t start in Perlit because it is resistant to corrosion and deterioration.

The material doesn’t start to melt until it reaches 1260 0C. There are no flammable components or flame spread indicators in the composition. The object’s fire resistance increases from two to four hours when perlite is used to fill the spaces left by installing concrete blocks with a 20 cm thickness.

Indicators of the perlite’s water absorption will decrease multiple times if the material is treated with a hydrophobisator. Moisture cannot enter the internal partitions because of voids in the walls that are filled with prepared perlite.

However, only if the walls are laid with superior quality will such isolation yield outstanding results.

The propagation of sound waves through the walls is reduced because the filling isolation from the perlite covers all the gaps and mortar joints. A 20 cm wall block that is so isolated even outperforms the current requirements in terms of sound absorption.

Perlit is cost-effective. He is a democratic value with exceptional warmth and fire resistance. Nothing special is needed in terms of tools or expertise to fill the existing voids in the masonry.

Furthermore, such isolation won’t "settle" in wall blocks or lose its ability to shield heat over time.

Comparison with other materials

Official testing has demonstrated perlite insulation’s superiority over alternative materials. Thus, compared to masonry insulated with polystyrene foam liners, masonry with perlite isolation is more than 20% more effective.

Furthermore, polystyrene granules, which are too light, make it difficult to fill, and can result in incomplete voids, are 12% less effective than perlite. Such a sequence of events is entirely eliminated by "turnover" of perlite isolation.

Perlite is preferable to vermiculite if you have to choose between the two. Even though the properties of both materials are similar, it has a closed pore structure and lower thermal conductivity.

Features of isolation

The layout for isolation should be as follows:

• The insulation is spilled directly from the package (bag) into the wall on top with a convenient interval (but not more than 6 m).
• Before installing window sills, you need to fill the cavities under the doorway and windows (if required, compact).
• The holes in the wall through which the insulation can be sprinkled should be shut up before the work starts.
• For installation of drainage, you can use copper, fiberglass or galvanized steel.
• When working, the insulation should be dry.
• Insulation must be used in the voids of wall laying (external and internal), as well as between external masonry and decoration inside.

Classification of insulation in the form of plates

You need to consider multiple important factors at once when selecting a heater, depending on what kind of material it is made of. It is impossible to categorize all forms of thermal insulation using a single standard due to their immense diversity. Since creating a universal algorithm to select an appropriate option is unfeasible.

You can use multiple types of plates at once for roof insulation.

What common properties are important when choosing ↑

When selecting an appropriate insulation, the following characteristics are crucial:

• thermal conductivity;
• rigidity;
• use temperature;
• water and vapor permeability;
• combustibility;
• weight;
• Safety in terms of ecology.

Evaluating thermal conductivity and emphasizing various material classes. repelled from the air’s thermal conductivity reference value of 0.025W/(m/0s). If the heat-insulating plate has the closest value, that would be ideal. For materials used in civil construction, the average indicators range from 0.029 to 0.021 W/(m/0C).

One characteristic of warms is stiffness:

• soft;
• semi -rigid;
• tough;
• increased stiffness;
• hard.

Wall and partition insulation can be done during the capital construction phase.

The temperature range at which a plate-shaped thermal insulation keeps its properties varies as well. It is important to confirm that the material is appropriate for the temperature range in which you intend to use it.

The coefficient of thermal conductivity of water is high. All of the insulation’s thermal insulating qualities are lost if it gets wet.

To arrange the proper waterproofing, it is crucial to know how susceptible the material is to water. The vapor permeability indicator is crucial because there is constant evaporation in residential buildings, which can lead to condensation.

When calculating the supporting structures, the weight of the insulation needs to be considered. Aim to avoid overloading the frame when adding insulation to an existing building. For the protection of the home and its occupants, the material’s combustibility is taken into consideration. You should focus more on fire safety if the fuel indicator is high.

Outside insulation for a private residence

Arrange heat-insulating slabs based on their various attributes. Selecting the right kind of insulation for the raw materials is the biggest challenge. Utilize the raw materials

• organic origin (wood, peat, polystyrene foam and others);
• inorganic origin (mineral wool, basalt cotton wool, perlithic cement slabs);
• mixed type (based on asbestos, with the addition of cement and others).

Organic materials do not separate harmful evaporation during decomposition, making them environmentally friendly. However, when heated, they actively interact with oxygen and burn. Mineral fibers can withstand extremely high temperatures, while inorganic raw materials are not affected by fire. The worst that can happen to them is that they will start to dissolve and reorganize.

The following categories are used to categorize thermal insulation in the form of plates:

• for isolation of foundations;
• walls;
• ceilings;
• sexes;
• roofs.

Based on these criteria, the decision is clear. To make it easier for the customer to navigate, many manufacturers release the lines of their materials that indicate the purpose.

Vermiculite alternative to expanded clay

Vermiculite, also known as hydrospace or vermiculite concentrate, is an environmentally friendly raw material used in the production of embankment thermal insulation. High temperatures cause the raw materials to be absorbed, and depending on the technological process’s parameters at the output, material with varying fractional compositions, bulk densities, and favorable qualities is produced.

Insulation classification based on fractional composition:

• vermiculite M100-large fraction (4-8 mm)-high-quality insulation;
• vermiculite M150-the middle fraction (1-3 mm)-a structural element of building materials;
• vermiculite m250 – small fraction (up to 1 mm) – a wide area of application.

The bulk density and thermal insulation properties of vermiculite vary with the size of the elementary particles.

Advantages of vermiculite over expanded clay:

• East density-foamed hydrospace with the same layer thickness has a bulk density of 65-150 kg/m³, when like expanded clay 150-800 kg/m³. In the first case, the load on the overlap is less;
• Thermal conductivity-vermiculite boasts a low heat conductivity coefficient (0.048-0.06 W/(MK)), compared with the similar indicator of the venerable clay (0.10-0.18 W/(MK)).This allows you to reduce the heat -insulating layer at times when warming the ceilings, thereby it is possible to save the useful space of the house.

Meanwhile, expanded clay outperforms vermiculite in terms of firmness. On the scale, it is 1-1.5 mn/m³ in the first case and 0.3–6 MN/m² in the second. A high water absorption distinguishes the swollen hydrospace. Vermiculite is four times more expensive than expanded clay.

Features of the installation of slab thermal insulation

Plate-shaped thermal insulation materials are mounted based on a single principle, independent of the manufacturer’s type or business. But during construction, there will be some subtleties for each of them that need to be considered. Cement slabs made of perlite are an exception. Their installation procedure is very dissimilar from other kinds.

Insulation in place during installation

Installation of plates from mineral wool and polystyrene foam ↑

1. Like all other processes, laying thermal insulation plates begins with the preparation of the surface. Walls, ceilings, floor – everything that will be insulated is released and cleaned. It is important that all "wet" work: plaster, painting, primer – are over before the start of isolation.
2. Next, a layer of isolation is laid. If we are talking about external insulation of the building, a vapor barrier is first laid. If insulated from the inside – waterproofing.
3. The next layer is a heater. The foam is attached to the vertical elements of the building using dowels. Mineral wool plates are used, as a rule, for horizontal surfaces. They are laid between the elements of the structure.
4. Then another insulating layer is laid. At this stage, with external insulation, waterproofing is laid, with an internal – vapor barrier.
5. Last stroke – finish. Outside, the insulated building is plastered and painted. Siding and any other types of external decoration can be used.

The mats are placed directly on the frame on their horizontal surfaces.

Installation plan for mineral heat-insulation

The swept pearlite is used to lay fireproof plates in the following manner:

1. Preparatory work is to clean the base, if necessary, the surface is processed with sandpaper.
2. Then the surface is primed for a smaller consumption of glue and better adhesion.
3. Perlite -cement have a small size and manually laid manually, like ceramic tiles for the bathroom. Tile glue is used.
4. The gear spatula is applied with a layer 0.5 cm to the surface where the thermal insulation will be. Do not apply glue to a large site at once, after 20 minutes it will lose part of its properties.
5. The plate is laid on glue and aligned using the construction level. The gaps that are left when laying a tile for beauty are not allowed. Elements are laid close.
6. Perlite cement passes steam well, so the vapor barrier is missed.
7. Fasten the thermal insulation layer with a glass.

Items may vary in thickness, ranging from 30 to 70 mm.

Tongs for improved adherence

The operating conditions of the material you choose for thermal insulation must come first. You can easily insulate a residential building, or a portion of one, with your hands. However, installing heavy and delicate slabs like perlite cement requires the expertise of a professional, as this process is very responsible when it comes to refractory protection.

Warm floors are a great way to increase comfort and save energy in a wooden house, especially in the winter. It’s crucial to select the appropriate underfloor heating system—hydronic or electric—for a wooden building based on the insulation levels and the current heating configuration of the home. In order to ensure safety and prevent moisture-related damage, proper installation involves placing insulation beneath the heating elements to stop heat loss downward and using materials compatible with wood. To preserve the home’s structural integrity and maximize heating performance, careful planning and adherence to building codes are essential.

Insulation of the slab foundation

Only polystyrene was previously utilized for these uses, but it was essentially phased out due to its short service life (the foam becomes dispersed into the balls it is composed of and the connecting properties are lost). Extruded polystyrene foam, which has a high density and a long operational life, is widely used today.

The method for layering this "pie" is as follows: a plastic film is creeped, and then a slab is filled. This design prevents the room from becoming damp or cold from the soil.

• Geotextiles are laid at the bottom of the dug pitter.
• A layer of sand and crushed stone is poured.
• Then, immediately before laying the plate, insulation is laid.
• It makes a reinforcing structure.
• Pouring concrete.

It is evident that nothing is difficult.

Manufacturers and features of the production of stoves for insulation

Technologies vary in how heat-insulating plates made of various materials are produced. Different tools and techniques are required for every kind of raw material. This directly affects how much finished goods cost. Although every manufacturer has a unique "recipe" for producing isolation materials, there are some general technological subtleties that are shared by all.

The selection is extensive in building supply stores.

Temporary manufacturing technology ↑

To make foam plates, closed rectangular shapes of polystyrene foam are poured with hot steam. The raw materials foam, creating high pressure inside the mold where the granules solidify into a hard plate.

Basalt wool is a type of thermal insulation composed of rocks that are heated to temperatures as high as 1,500 degrees. When basalt melts, a fiery mass is created. Following that, the centrifuge’s raw material is well-suited to centrifugal force. This leads to the formation of the finest basalt fibers. To create slabs, the resulting stone threads are combined with a binder.

Insulation made of war chips is derived from woodworking industry waste. Size is used to sort sawdust or chips. Adhesive compounds and resin serve as the binder. After being pressed into forms, raw materials are cut into the appropriate size plates.

Perlit – refractory protection and insulation ↑

You must first comprehend what perlite is in order to comprehend how perlite cement is used to make plates. Volcanic rock is called perlit. After being crushed, the mineral is heated sharply to very high temperatures.

Slabs of perlite with varying compositions

Related water microparticles can be found in perlite. The water vapor that is evaporating produces a high internal pressure, which causes the perlite sand grains to literally explode from within. This method of processing created a white granule known as "swollen perlite," which resembles foam particles.

Portland cement mortar is used as a binder and perlite granules are combined to create a hard heat-insulating plate from bulk material. The resultant mass is shaped into 50 × 50 cm rectangular plates.

Perlithic cement slabs can also be made with additional additives such as clay, limestone, slate, sand, gypsum, and resins. The weight, fragility, strength, and hydrophobicity of insulation, as well as the ultimate cost of the products, are all impacted by these additives.

Description of different manufacturers and comparison of their products ↑

Both domestic and foreign producers of thermal insulation materials are widely available in the market. While some manufacture a broad range of products, others are solely focused on producing a single kind of insulation.

Among the latter is the Russian producer "Technonikol." You can forget about insulation thanks to the wide selection of mineral wool and polystyrene foam plates. In addition to thermal insulation, KNAUF is a German company that manufactures other building materials. Knauf maintains production lines and representative offices across the globe, including in Russia. Basalt wool is the foundation of the KNAUUFINSULATION TRAILLY Line.

Comparing materials from various brands based on important attributes

Russian slabs made of polystyrene foam are produced under the European brand URSA. Because of the superior quality of their products, URSA has long been well-known among builders in the industry. Symmer, a Ukrainian brand, makes slabs of foam polystyrene. The range of products is extensive. You can select goods with a flat or g-shaped edge, and in a variety of thicknesses. Their low prices enable them to compete in the market.

Because perlite cement products are so delicate, long-distance transportation of them is nearly impossible. As a result, local manufacturers Elan, Teploinite Ural, and Rosmasterstroy dominate the Russian market. Both the cost and the quality of perlithic cement slabs that insulate against heat are roughly equal.

How to insulate strip and column foundations

In total, the insulation of the foundation from the inside and outside can be done either at the stage of building a bath, or even when it is built. In the first version, insulation is carried out on both sides of the foundation, and, I must say, it is much easier to do this during this period, especially if a special non -removable formwork is used. In the second case, you will have to tinker and the material for insulation will go much more. It is difficult to do without insulation of the foundation: it is known that concrete also cools quickly, as it heats up, and savings on its insulation inevitably result in expenses for additional heating of the bath.

By the way, the strip in its technology and the insulation of the pile foundation are entirely different. The first has its own technology that has been tested over many years. But there are at least five ways to insulate the strip foundation.

During construction, the insulation can be installed either way into the formwork or in the form of non-removable formwork. Despite costing twice as much as usual, this is a good option. However, strangely enough, the total costs end up being lower because in this instance, the workers do not have to pay for the traditional, costly materials used to insulate the foundation outside or for the dismantling of formwork.

Sand insulation

This is the most cost-effective choice. Its essence is this: the foundation, basement or not, is falling asleep, and the earth is pushed precisely to the level of the future sex. He is not under any pressure from the atmosphere or anything else, and it is invisible from the outside.

The only time it matters is if any air ducts are brought up in advance. However, all of this has to be done before the bath’s walls are built.

True, this solution to the foundation insulation problem is not perfect, but it does offer a temporary solution.

However, all of this must be put into practice before the bath’s walls are built. It’s true that a technique like foundation insulation isn’t very effective. Absolutely, and a small 10 by 10 bath will require at least 100 cubic meters of sand.

Warming with zit

This approach has also evolved into a custom. Although it is not expensive, it is well-known for its efficacy. Therefore, zit is placed inside the formwork when the foundation is poured. Because it is the final breed of porist, this material remarkably retains heat and does not absorb moisture or cold. However, there is actual temperature conductivity because the cement is inserted in between the granules.

This is an excellent choice for a finely contaminated foundation. Zit weighs very little, so using the formwork light is the only thing that matters. Why does one often use the standard slate?

Furthermore, mineral wool and film are applied on top of the zit to provide waterproofing, complicating and enhancing the effectiveness of this insulation technique.

Insulation with polystyrene foam

The most tried-and-true technique of thermal insulation—polystyrene foam—is a cheap and efficient way to insulate the foundation. It can be purchased in sheets, and installing it is not difficult—just a few things to know.

For instance, waterproofing must be applied to both the lateral portions and the points of contact before polystyrene foam is fixed to the foundation. The type, thickness, and depth of the foundation will already affect the layer’s thickness.

Starting at the lowest point of the foundation and working your way up to the level of the beginning of the future sex, you must lay the sheets. Traditionally, mounting foam is used to seal the seams together as tightly as possible. Additionally, facing panels are used to completely seal everything on top because polystyrene foam can eventually collapse when exposed to sunlight.

This is accomplished as follows: the extruded polystyrene foam slabs are positioned in accordance with the waterproofing membrane that is fixed on the foundation. Only specific glue is needed for this, and it is applied pointwise. Additionally, a second membrane has already been installed along the plates themselves to protect the thermal insulation and act as a drainage layer to remove soil moisture from the walls.

The most widely used method of warming the foundation for them is to fill the grill, place polystyrene in between, and cover the foundation with stylish facade panels hidden beneath the brickwork. It is crucial to distinguish this material from foam, which is only appropriate for interior decoration, when it comes to foundation insulation.

Properties and advantages

The material’s exceptional "fluidity," which fully fills the spaces between the masonry, makes it a popular choice for construction. In addition, ants, different parasites, and insects won’t start in Perlit because it is resistant to corrosion and deterioration.

The material doesn’t start to melt until it reaches 1260 0C. There are no flammable components or flame spread indicators in the composition. The object’s fire resistance increases from two to four hours when perlite is used to fill the spaces left by installing concrete blocks with a 20 cm thickness.

Indicators of the perlite’s water absorption will decrease multiple times if the material is treated with a hydrophobisator. Moisture cannot enter the internal partitions because of voids in the walls that are filled with prepared perlite.

However, only if the walls are laid with superior quality will such isolation yield outstanding results.

The propagation of sound waves through the walls is reduced because the filling isolation from the perlite covers all the gaps and mortar joints. A 20 cm wall block that is so isolated even outperforms the current requirements in terms of sound absorption.

Perlit is cost-effective. He is a democratic value with exceptional warmth and fire resistance. Nothing special is needed in terms of tools or expertise to fill the existing voids in the masonry.

Furthermore, such isolation won’t "settle" in wall blocks or lose its ability to shield heat over time.

Productors of plates and cost comparison

The building materials market is dominated by a large number of companies. Notable among Russian producers are:

1. "Technonikol". The company produces various heat -insulating plates, but its mats from mineral wool are especially popular. Such categories of insulation are especially attractive-half-lit, half-profile, half a cherry, wall-balcony, shinings (for attic), technological block (for plaster), a ceiling ceiling.
2. "Foamyx". This is a leader among domestic manufacturers of tile polystyrene foam. The most popular products are the foamy foundation, foam comfort, foamy facade.
3. Manufacturers of perlite slabs – "Elan", "Tearlessolite Ural", "Rosmasterstroy".

Among international producers, the German firm KNAUF stands out for making a variety of plates. Good quality mats made by Knaufinsulation from basalt wool. URSA offers polystyrene foam of European caliber. The Ukrainian foam plate heat-insulating company Symmer is quoted fairly highly on the Russian market.

Numerous factors determine the cost of heat-insulating plates. It should be mentioned that because they don’t rely too much on the manufacturer, different brands of comparable products are essentially the same (the difference being no more than 8–10%).

Mineral wool mats and stoves made of polystyrene are priced within a certain range. The price varies in redistribution between 1330 and 3460 rubles/m³, depending on the thickness and density of the price. Arbolite, a perlite product with a price point of 6700–9000 rubles/m³, is slightly more expensive. The density and thickness of the insulation plate, the inclusion of connecting profiles, and any extra coatings (like a vapor barrier foil layer) all affect how much it costs.

Do a warm floor in a country house

No matter the season, the floor in the house should always be warm. This is essential to the residents’ health because it guarantees the retention of at least 30% of the heat. Furthermore, an effective warm floor system will prevent moisture from penetrating a wooden house, preventing damping and additional structural deterioration.

The floor will thus last for more than ten years if all technologies are followed. The money we save on fuel for our home’s heating—that is, on electricity—is another important consideration. Therefore, you can confidently respond, "Of course, do!" to the question, "Do Warm floors in country houses?"

What fell asleep in the ceiling of the bath in past times

The people who lived in the villages and towns of earlier ages made use of everything that nature provided in order to improve their homes and utility rooms. These consist of items like:

• priming;
• fallen or specially dried leaves;
• cubby straw; Straw
• needles;
• moss;
• chips or chips;
• sand;
• fire (waste production production waste); Flax fire
• dried stems of large weeds;
• ash;
• clay.

Particularly well-liked were dried oak and birch leaves. It was thought that they could infuse the bath with a unique "spirit" that has therapeutic properties.

Using dry foliage as a heating source

Everywhere, weeded straw was used. It appears to be dense and irregularly shaped like briquettes, and even with intense hose jet pressure, it is hard to break. The forefathers employed clay as a waterproofing material in addition to heaters since they understood how dangerous it was to fill the bathhouse ceiling.

Insulation made of straw and clay

Certain materials simply cannot be used to fill the steam room’s ceiling, according to experts. This room needs insulation with a low coefficient of combustibility because the temperature is too high. The steam room’s fermented ceiling "pie" looked like this:

• clay coating;
• soil or sand layer.

Options for traditional filling of the ceiling of the bath (location of the layers from the floor of the attic to the roof)

The order of layers	Option No. 1	Option No. 2	Option No. 3	Option No. 4
1	birch or oak foliage 5-10 cm	Birch bark	clay	chips or sawdust mixed with clay
2	soil, sand or ash 10-20 cm	moss	priming	sand
3	turf laid up	Perennial weeds growing on the ground

Ceramzit

Ceramzit backfill: an approach

In Russia, this substance is frequently used as a heater. His low cost and good heat-insulating properties played a role in this. Expanded clay is used when pouring the foundation’s interior, however this technology is not without flaws.

The expanded clay used as insulation for the foundation

The surrounding solution greatly diminishes the excellent heat-insulating properties of expanded clay because, as you may know, concrete is a true temperature conductor. The technique for fine-trinket foundation is this one.

Slate is a lightweight material that can be used to safely create formwork.

How to insulate the house using perlite

Perlit is used as a heater in the form of sand (thermal insulation for embankments); it is also a component of products for thermal insulation and dry finished building mixtures.

Perlite sand as a heater for walls

When used for the arrangement of thermal insulation in a house, perlite sand is a great material that not only reduces heat loss in the house by 50% but also makes construction much easier.

The arrangement of thermal insulation from foamed perlite begins after part of the carrier wall (internal) and external masonry made of brick (4-5 rows) have already been erected. Pouring the sand of large peeled overwhelming (with the size of granules of about 6 mm), previously displeased, we carry out in the gap between these two walls and thoroughly compact (the volume should decrease by 10%). Weap the sand manually or with the help of a sandblasting machine. We repeat this operation several times until the walls are built completely. By the way, according to heat -saving properties, a pertress layer about 3 cm thick corresponds to a brick wall 25 cm. During the construction of shield houses, we fill the sand between the sheets of the skin (internal and external).

There are two methods for filling the voids in the walls of an old house that has been insulated:

• Gently pull out a few bricks from the wall and fill the perlite through the resulting hole;
• drill a hole in the wall (with a diameter of 30 ÷ 40 mm) and through it, using a special installation, to paculate thermal insulation material.

Perlite sand is a universal non -combustible building material that has a number of advantages:

• excellent sound, noise and thermal insulation properties (moreover, can be used to insulate walls from any material);
• environmental friendliness;
• lightness (by weight);
• resistance to temperature changes;
• Durability.

Counseling! In areas with high humidity, avoid using perlite sand, a material that absorbs a lot of moisture, as a heater.

The only drawback to the sand is that it is extremely dusty; therefore, it is advised to lightly moisten it before use.

Floor insulation with perlite

We use swollen perlite, which we pour over the floor’s cement-sand base and align with construction guidelines, to insulate the floors from heat. The desired thickness plus 20% of the additional volume for shrinkage determines the height of the heat-lended layer of sand.

Crucial! It is advised that the perlite layer be at least 1 centimeter thick.

After layering bulk material on top of the irregularities and pipelines, we install flooring and slabs. If the house does not have a basement, we place absorbing gaskets and drainage tubes beneath the perit to allow moisture to collect and divert.

Laying a unique "pie" in which two layers of concrete are stacked on top of a perlite screed could be another successful method. First, combine the following ingredients to make a perlite solution:

• cement – 1 mᶟ;
• Perlit – 3 m (brands M75 or M100);
• sand – 2.2 mᶟ;
• water – 1.5 m;
• plasticizers – 3 ÷ 3.5 l.

Mix all the ingredients together until water comes to the top; this indicates that the perlite screed solution is ready to use.

Counseling! Given how simple Perlit is to work with, it is advised that any work done with it be done in a closed space to avoid being hampered by wind.

We allow the perlite screed to solidify on the concrete base after applying it. We have a fantastic layer of long-lasting thermal insulation on the floor after just one week. On top of it, we pour the second layer of concrete.

Roof insulation

It will be sufficient to insulate the admitted perlite only of the attic overlap if you do not plan to equip a dwelling in the attic. If not, we sleep with the perlite between the roof beams sloping into the box—which is designed specifically for this use—and tamp the sand with caution. Work does not require a specific set of abilities or knowledge.

Additionally, bitumen is processed in a factory to create perlite, which is used to insulate inclined roofs from heat. This bituminized perplit can be made into an adhesive solution by adding a solvent, which will result in a strong thermal insulation layer.

Warm flooring technology

Think about mineral wool warm flooring technology.

Rice.1 schematic of a wooden home’s heated flooring system

1) Create the foundation’s lower binding.

Rice.2 A rural home’s Low Warm Ward

2) To guarantee optimal stiffness and their fixes to the strapping, we lay the lags such that their height is greater than their width. A 50 x 150, 100 x 200, etc. D beam can be used. The recommended styling step is between 30 and 100 cm. Depending on the thickness of the boards used for the finished floor. The table indicates more precise data. There are instances when walls are built right up to the floor in a frame house. Read this article to learn how to do this properly.

Stack of laying the timber

Future flooring thickness thickness	Distance from one lag to another
20 mm	300 mm
24 mm	400 mm
30 mm	500 mm
35 mm	600 mm
40 mm	700 mm
45 mm	800 mm
50 mm	1000 mm

3) Using self-tapping screws or nails, we secure the 50×50 bars on the lags in the lower section. To create the draft floor’s support, this is done all the way along both sides, excluding the extreme.

4) Place the ready supports on and secure the size-cut (25 mm thick) boards. If the formwork material has not degraded, you can use it to fill the foundation. The most important thing is to remember to build the sewage and water supply pipes (you can learn how to do this by reading the article on building a water supply system in the nation) (we recommend the article Switching system in the house with your own hands).

3. Black floor rice

5) We completely seal off all gaps. The mounting foam is useful.

6) Make sure to apply a special impregnation to protect everything from rot, moisture, fungus, and insects.

7) The waterproofing membrane is fixed.

Rice.4 The waterproofing membrane is laid.

We apply the insulation firmly, making sure there are no gaps (read more about insulation c). The warmer the layer, the thicker it is. But you don’t have to work near the ground floor. Allow for a tiny opening for air to flow naturally.

Rice.5 The insulation is laid

9) A vapor barrier is placed on top of stacked insulation. They are also present in lags. When laying, you must leave at least 10 cm around the edges and overlap by roughly 15 cm.

Rice.6 We create a vapor shield

10) Lastly, we install and fix the last floor. Using a downstone board is preferable since it leaves no gaps when connected. Additionally, there is a ventilation-specific recess on its lower portion.

11) Net pillars.

Rice.7 prepared flooring

Varieties of material

There are just four varieties of this thermal insulation material available. They are all different from one another in more ways than just how they are laid out and technically.

The primary kinds of perlite are:

1. Folding form or sand has great lightness than other subspecies. Therefore, it is used for thermal insulation of the partition and at the same time to facilitate the finished design of any structure. Another essence of its use is to eliminate the slit -like, inter -story layers, filling out other voids. It is used to fit the floors, sometimes as plastering surfaces.
2. Plates. This type is most common in production, as it is the most popular of the perlits. Great demand is due to the convenience of form for the rapid construction of any size or area. With high indicators of hygroscopicity, therefore it is more advisable to use for internal work. If you use buildings outside, it is necessary to add a layer from moisture -proof material. It is made by pressing hydraulically. Depending on the needs, various connecting materials are used: polymers, liquid glass, lime, cement, bitumen and other combined with it.
3. A roofing variety, which is more often called bitumenerite by the name of the binder, used in production. This material makes it possible to easily mount insulation structures of the most diverse form due to its increased flexibility. Any roof or other non -standard design will have a decent level of thermal conductivity. Which allows you to use these roofing forms in construction with low negative indications of the thermometer. Being non -combustible, it will provide structures with proper protection against fire.
4. Dry mixtures of construction design made using a petal fraction and a mixture of cement. In such a workpiece, it is necessary to add only the right amount of water in order to get a construction solution ready for use. It is effectively used for grouting various seams that formed cavities during masonry, cracks and similar voids. Using a dry mixture, you can get a special plaster. It is applied with a layer on any surface, easily aligning it and in parallel, increasing the thermal insulation coefficient for the entire structure.

Three primary brands of perlite have been established for construction needs:

The material density is indicated by the above numbers in the marking. This signal is crucial for determining the kind of installation work that will be done in the future and the raw material operating conditions.

However, any of these density features enables perlite to be so flowing in the solution state that it can fill even the tiniest structural gaps. One of the primary benefits of this material over comparables used in similar construction processes is this.

Floor insulation on the ground

Many private developers cut corners when building houses by pouring concrete directly onto the ground instead of investing in insulation, however this is not totally accurate. First, during the winter, the ground may freeze, causing the concrete coating to become cold. Secondly, the screed may come into contact with bottom waters and the ground, both of which could quickly deactivate it.

As a result, it’s critical to insulate the ground floor and make it waterproof.

Only when the bottom waters are sufficiently below the surface is it wise to insulate the floor on the ground. If not, installing beams and an insulated second floor is preferable.

Soil flooring is done while building is underway, requiring the completed coating to be disassembled and resulting in further financial loss. Paul pies start to form once the building’s foundation dries completely. It is important to remember that the final structure needs to be 20 cm above the ground.

There should be several layers equipped:

• directly soil;
• large river sand, for aligning the plane;
• waterproofing layer;
• thermal insulation material;
• grid, rabits, for reinforcement;
• screed.

The first option of insulation

In order to properly heat the ground, take into account the following:

• Soil under the house, you need to align, remove garbage and weeds, fill up the recesses and tamp the entire surface well.
• Pour the entire plane with river sand, you can mix it with gravel, to a height of more than 5 cm. If it is decided to insulate the floors with expanded clay, then it can be filled directly to the ground, but such a floor insulation will be much more expensive. Sand needs to be leveled with the rule and compact well.
• Lay a layer of waterproofing, for this you can apply:

• membrane material based on polymer;
• roofing material;
• Polyethylene film 200 MK, in two additions – the cheapest option for waterproofing.

The second option of insulation

Bes, despite the increased expense, they outfit this with a black screed that is covered with a plastic film for waterproofing. Bars must be used to press it into the foundation, and the material must extend at least 15 cm up the walls. This type of insulation gives the floor excellent thermal insulation properties.

The insulation is installed as soon as the waterproofing is complete, for instance:

• foaminglex;
• expanded clay;
• Styrofoam.

These species are inexpensive and effective heat retainers at the same time.

Perlite in building mixtures

When added to dry mixtures (cement and gypsum-perlite), perlit (M75 or M100 brands) greatly enhances their qualities. the application of pre-made, dry perlite mixtures for plastering and surface leveling—that is, setting up floors that level themselves.

It’s very easy to prepare the solution: just add water to the finished dry mixture in the amount specified on the package. In comparison to standard plaster, perlite plaster exhibits superior thermal insulation (a 3 cm thick layer of similar plaster has the same heat-insulating properties as a 15 cm brick masonry), soundproofing, refractory (about 5 ÷ 10 times higher), high vapor permeability, frost resistance, and inappropriate decay. It can be used for both exterior and interior projects.

Perlite characteristics in the form of sand

The main properties are also advantages

It is important to highlight the following primary benefits of the heater Pertil:

• Little weight. Despite the fact that mountain and volcanic rocks act as the starting raw materials, perlite is quite easy (this is achieved due to heat treatment). As a result, there is no need to build a particularly durable frame.
• Increased temperature resistance. It withstands temperature differences from −220 to +900 degrees. Therefore, it can be freely used for outdoor insulation even in the Far North.

Crucial! He defeats every rival from every competitor in this regard. There isn’t another insulation that can claim an acceptable amplitude greater than 1100 degrees.

• Environmental Safety. Even when heated, this material does not emit any toxic substances and carcinogens.
• Chemical neutrality to most acids and alkalis. This excludes the possibility of corrosion and other unpleasant formations. Complete hypoallergenicity should also be noted.
• High sound -absorbing properties that are achieved due to low bulk density. As a result, when using this insulation, there is no need to lay an additional soundproofing layer.
• Not deformed as a result of heating. Therefore, perlite is often used in the systems warm floor.
• High efficiency. In general, stating the above features, we can note the impressive efficiency of this material. Despite the fact that it is not too popular (regarding the foam and mineral wool) its use seems to be very rational. Moreover, the cost of this material is in the average range.

Where they use a similar material

The extensive range of applications for this insulation was predetermined by this impressive list of benefits:

• External plastering of buildings. Frost resistance comes to the forefront here.
• Any internal work related to align and increase thermal systems.
• Interior decoration of the roof.
• Thermal insulation of pipelines (including hot water supply).
• Warm Paul systems.

The above list only includes the broadest construction spheres. Perlite is a material that finds application in the fields of medicine, metallurgy, energy, agriculture, oil refining, and food manufacturing.

Sand

Sand made of perlite

Ordinary sand can be temporarily used for these purposes even though it is not a heater. This type of insulation is cheap, and it’s frequently used to insulate bath foundations even before walls are built. There needs to be a consistent barrier keeping moisture out of this "insulation."

It is more efficient to use perlite sand, which has the ability to function as insulation. When working with any of these materials, you will need to perform a lot of labor and use a lot of sand because the backfill’s height needs to be brought to floor level.

Type of Warm Floor	Description
Electric Underfloor Heating	Consists of heating cables or mats installed directly under the floor surface. Suitable for smaller rooms due to its cost of running.
Hydronic Underfloor Heating	Uses hot water running through pipes under the floor. More efficient for heating larger areas and can be connected to the central heating system.
Installation Precautions	Ensure proper insulation beneath the heating elements to prevent heat loss and avoid overheating which can damage the wooden structure.

In a wooden house, installing a warm floor offers both comfort and efficient heating. This system makes sure that warmth is dispersed evenly throughout the space by directly heating the floor, which can be especially comforting in colder climates. In addition, compared to conventional radiator systems, the overall heating of the space is more uniform and efficient because heat rises. This may result in less energy being used and possibly cheaper heating costs.

The unique needs and difficulties presented by wood must be taken into account when installing a warm floor in a wooden structure. Because wood is inherently sensitive to variations in temperature and moisture content, it is essential to use appropriate insulation and carefully consider the installation process. The longevity of the floor system and the house’s structure can be ensured by using materials that are compatible with wooden constructions and making sure the floor doesn’t overheat.

Selecting between hydronic and electric floor heating systems is another important factor to take into account. Depending on your particular needs and your home’s features, each type has advantages. Hydronic systems are typically more efficient for larger areas and can be integrated into existing hot water systems, but electric systems may be simpler and less expensive to install, particularly in smaller or divided spaces. Regardless of the system you select, it is essential to collaborate with experts who can help customize the solution to your home’s specific requirements.

Video on the topic

Warm floor in a wooden house

Infrared warm floor in a wooden house/We make a step -by -step instruction/HeATDALOR Installation

Insulate a wooden floor in a private house