Requirements for ventilation with gas stoves and boilers of circuits, SNiPs, installation

Because of their dependability and efficiency, gas stoves and boilers are common options for heating our homes. But in addition to providing warmth, they also produce combustion gases, which the home must safely vent of. Not only is proper ventilation essential to the effective functioning of these appliances, but it also protects the health and safety of everyone within. In this post, we’ll examine the standards established by building codes and regulations for ventilation around gas stoves and boilers, as well as installation best practices.

First and foremost, it’s critical for both homeowners and installers to comprehend the laws controlling ventilation. Specific guidelines for the installation and operation of gas appliances are mandated by building codes in numerous countries, such as the United States and Europe. The minimum specifications for ventilation systems are outlined in these codes, which are also known as SNiPs (Safety Norms in Progress) and guarantee the safe expulsion of combustion byproducts like carbon monoxide and nitrogen dioxide.

Following SNiPs is crucial when it comes to installation. To efficiently remove combustion gases from the house while averting leaks or backdrafts, vent and duct placement is essential. Installers need to pay close attention to the manufacturer’s instructions and take into account various aspects like the appliance type, size, and local building codes. Furthermore, to guarantee continuous safety and effectiveness, ventilation systems require routine maintenance and inspection.

Furthermore, the house’s overall energy efficiency should be considered in the ventilation system’s design. Combustion byproducts must be removed, but too much ventilation can cause heat loss, which raises energy costs and utility bills. Thus, striking the correct balance between energy efficiency and ventilation needs is essential. This could entail adding elements like heat recovery ventilation (HRV) systems, which collect and repurpose heat from exhausting air to lower the house’s overall energy consumption.

In conclusion, proper ventilation is a critical aspect of safely and efficiently operating gas stoves and boilers in residential settings. By understanding and adhering to building codes and regulations, following best practices for installation, and considering energy efficiency, homeowners can ensure a healthy and comfortable indoor environment while minimizing energy costs and environmental impact.

The calculation of the section of ventilation

The following information is required in order to accurately calculate the cross section of the boiler room ventilation system pipeline:

1. Cubature of the room of the boiler room depending on the height of the room. According to the requirements of SNiP, its height should not be less than 6 meters. It is obvious that in a village house such a requirement is impossible. When calculating, it should be borne in mind that when this indicator is reduced by 1 meter, the amount of air required for combustion of fuel should be increased by 25%;
2. Air flow rate (at least 1 m/s).
3. The frequency of air metabolism. The value depending on the height of the room of the boiler room.

The computation’s output will be the amount of air required, from which the ventilation system’s pipeline segment can be identified using specific tables.

The formula V = L x S X (6 – H) x 1.25 x N is used in the computation, where:

• V is the volume of air for combustion of fuel;
• L – the length of the room;
• S – the width of the room;
• H – the height of the room;
• n – The frequency of air change in the boiler room equal to 3.

Therefore, the actual size of the room and the increase in air turnover are taken into consideration when determining the need for air. Once the required value has been obtained, the duct’s diameter can be chosen from the table.

Table: Dependence of the diameter of the duct on the required air flow rate

Diameter air duct, mm	Air flow in m3/h at a speed in m/s
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
100	28.3	56.5	84.8	113	141	170	198	226
125	44.2	88.3	132	177	221	265	309	353
140	55.4	111	166	222	277	332	388	443
160	72.3	45	217	289	362	434	506	579
180	91.6	183	275	366	458	549	641	732
200	113	226	339	452	565	678	791	904
225	143	286	429	572	715	858	1001	1145
250	177	353	530	707	883	1060	1236	1413

For ventilation with gas devices, it is best to set up a redundant ventilation system so that at least one of them functions.

When the electricity is turned off, the building will be naturally ventilated using its natural circulation routes.

Video: calculation of air exchange in the boiler room

How the ventilation is calculated

It is important to keep in mind that gas boilers with small power (up to 30 kW) are calculated using a slightly different formula per the legislation, due to the fact that they must meet different SNiP requirements.

So, for natural ventilation of the room with dimensions of 3 by 5 m, with a ceiling height of 3 m, you must first calculate the volume: in this case, it will be 45 m3 (we change all the parameters). Now air exchange: 6 (the height that should be) – 3 m (our ceiling) should be multiplied by the “fine” coefficient 0.25 and add 3 meters. It turns out 3.75. Now it should be understood what the value of the air circulation is: for this, the air exchange indicator is multiplied by the quadrature of the room, in the example it turns out 168.75 m3 – this is the value that you need to see in a special table to determine the diameter of the air duct. In our case, it will be 225 mm.

Heating system powered by a gas boiler

For supply trunks in the case of a gas boiler, a 0.01 m2/10 kW circle is utilized; if a boiler has 30 kW of output, the air flow should be approximately 0.03 m3/s. Additionally, it is recommended to set aside 30% of the reserve. SNiP states that the hood’s cross section should be at least 130 mm. Forced supply ventilation is installed if the supply ventilation hole is unable to allow for the necessary air exchange.

It could be fascinating! Check out the article about that by clicking on the link below.

Forced ventilation

An artificial hood can function as both a supply and an exhaust, or as a combination of the two.

This procedure takes place when the fans forcefully pump air out through the supply and exhaust pipes. Such a device is carried with over twelve cubic meters of fresh air in an hour.

Control and regulating equipment is found in contemporary ventilation blocks, allowing you to maintain the boiler room’s microclimate at the ideal level while also guaranteeing the boiler’s proper operation.

These ventilation complexes are separated into:

Single-block setups. These kinds of devices can be installed in any space.

Systems for supply and exhaust. Here, the airflow and hood are created in an obligatory manner. These units are typically found in basements, primarily in conjunction with high-performance gas boilers.

With a coaxial chimney, a boiler provides the safest and best forced ventilation available. This combined pipe allows spent carbon monoxide gases to exit through the inner hole and draws in fresh air from the street through the outer gap.

Additionally, because the room is supplied with pre-heated air due to the exhaust gas’s oncoming emission through the inner pipe, this ventilation boosts the boiler’s productivity.

Types of ventilation of the boiler room natural and forced ventilation

The simplest ventilation is natural or supply ventilation in the boiler room. To do this, you are enough directly opposite the boiler to make a hole in the wall with the output to the street. The diameter of the pipe should be at least 15 cm. The pipe is equipped with a valve so that the air current can be adjusted. What is the main plus of such a system? It is very simple, it works regardless of energy sources. However, due to its simplicity, it will not allow you to regulate the air flow in automatic mode. In addition, such natural ventilation depends on external factors, for example, weather conditions. Therefore, if you have a boiler room with a complex water heating system for different purposes, it is better to certainly arrange forced ventilation. Ventilation of the boiler room in a private house, of course, can require a forced type, but still for any boiler room you need natural ventilation to ensure the supply and fence of air in any conditions, even if they turn off the electricity. However, it must be remembered that the hole of the natural air intake should be at a sufficient distance from the boiler. You can not direct the air directly to the boiler so that the draft walks directly onto the boiler. This is at least not safe. , Of course, they can solve this problem, but why once again “strain” automation, if this can be avoided?

Ventilation that is forced. Artificial ventilation is typically created to supplement natural ventilation or when natural ventilation is not feasible due to certain factors. Refractory materials are used to create such a system, ensuring that nothing burns out inside the air ducts even in the event of an emergency at high temperatures. Although installation of this kind of ventilation necessitates expert knowledge, we will attempt to highlight the key elements below.

Types of ventilation

There are only two primary types of ventilation: forced and natural. A combined type is occasionally used and is classified in a different category.

As implied by the names, forced air supply—which is accomplished by air pumps or fans—is employed in the first type of ventilation. In the second scenario, the airflow happens as a result of the temperature and pressure differences between the interior and exterior of the room. It is sufficient to arrange the ventilation holes correctly in order to guarantee air exchange. Additionally, air may enter the space naturally through openings like cracks beneath doors.

When such an opportunity arises, it is most cost-effective to utilize the combined system, with forced air exchange operating in standby mode and natural ventilation handling air exchange.

Natural ventilation

You can arrange for natural air exchange in a standard six-meter (height) room if the air volume per hour guarantees a triple change.

For informational purposes only! The standard is recognized for the standard as a private house, a room, since the norms were created for all boiler houses—industrial and domestic.

You must at least increase air turning by 25% as the ceiling drops by one meter. In any event, it ought to be built with some leeway for air exchange.

The boiler room operation scheme of a private residence’s ventilation system

The plan is very straightforward: the ventilation input hole is arranged in the door or wall opposite the boiler, not higher than its working area (the diameter of the hole is determined by the boiler’s power). The second exhaust hole is arranged above the boiler and typically has a check valve attached to the air duct (so the hood can only operate in one direction) and an "umbrella" on the outside to prevent the pipe from filling.

To guarantee better traction, there should be as much space as possible between the "entrance" and the "output" of the air in the room.

Natural ventilation’s shortcomings

• Dependence on weather conditions. It is necessary to protect the air ducts from external influences of the environment.
• Complexity accurate calculation air conditioning. Different volume of air may enter the room depending on the direction and strength of the wind.
• Very It is difficult to design one ventilation system for several rooms – so that one pipe passes through all the premises. Mostly the withdrawal from each room is made immediately outside.

System of forced ventilation You can find the contact details of construction companies that offer on our website. You can visit the "Low-rise country" house exhibition to have direct conversations with representatives.

Forced ventilation

Fans, or other so-called "mechanical devices," are what enable forced air supply. This kind of air exchange setup has two benefits that make it convenient at the same time:

• There is an opportunity to install climate equipment, with high -rhythmes and filters, which will clean and heat the incoming air;
• It also becomes possible to include the system only in necessary points, which will save electricity, including it, for example, only during the operation of the boiler.

The following is Minuses’ forced ventilation:

• Price – first of all, such a system will cost more than natural ventilation;
• In some cases, noisiness – for example, when installing climatic equipment with air conditioning;
• The choice of equipment without proper preparation can be fraught with safety violations: in particular, it is important for gas boiler rooms to have fire resistant equipment.

Since the heating system is a complex piece of equipment, choosing and commissioning it should be done by professionals.

Creation of forced ventilation of the boiler room

Fans are utilized to arrange forced ventilation. In private residences, one fan can serve as an extractor. Natural product ventilation involves supplying air through the holes in the product without the need for a fan.

The coerced plan needs to be applied if

• You can’t/do not want to bring a common -house exhaust duct to the room;
• Natural ventilation works poorly or does not work at all (the house stands in the lowland, around higher houses or high densely standing trees);
• if the boiler is powerful and the room is large (in this case, natural ventilation is unlikely to cope).

The inflow may come from the outside (as mentioned in the paragraph before), the wall trim, or another source.

We do indeed manufacture hoods. Options for locations:

1. The output of the pipe with a fan through the roof outside, or through the wall on the street.
2. The output of the air duct from the boiler room to the existing ventilation shaft with a fan.

For permanent operation, it is preferable to install a fan for hoods during the heating season.

Rules for arranging an influx and requirements for windows in boiler rooms (video with a conversation with a Gorgaz engineer)

Pros and cons of two systems

Natural ventilation

Such an extract has many benefits and does not require any particular expertise for its equipment.

1. The lack of mechanisms makes such air exchange reliable and durable.
2. There is no need to spend money on acquiring devices.
3. Simplicity at work.
4. Noiselessness at the time of operation.

Once upon a time, this kind of extract was thought to meet all of its requirements, but new gas equipment made a change in this regard.

Simultaneously, the subsequent noteworthy deficiencies were identified:

• The dependence of optimal air circulation on the time of year and climatic conditions.
• The impossibility of regulating the air flow.
• Penetration of foreign particles through the system.

Additionally, there is a chance that the room’s humidity will rise as the air pressure drops.

Artificial ventilation

The best choice for installing gas boiler houses is an artificial hood because

1. It is possible to independently adjust the air supply.
2. The importance of this ventilation in closed rooms.
3. Pleasant microclimate in the room.
4. The ability to regulate air exchange using a remote control.
5. Independence from weather conditions.

The built-in fan in a boiler with a coaxial conclusion automatically produces a comfortable environment for people to live in if the house has one.

The only drawback of such a system can be recognized as a rather high cost of this installation.

The calculation of the ventilation system

Construction standards state that every 20 minutes, the boiler room’s entire airspace should be replaced with a new one. You’ll need to arm yourself with a calculator and formulas to provide the proper air cycle.

Without the need for special equipment, the air in the room is changed three times every hour if the ceilings are six meters above the ground. Ceilings six meters high are opulent for a private residence. The reduction in ceilings is made up for in the following way: for every meter below, the air exchange rises by 25%.

Let’s say there is a boiler room that is 3 meters long, 4 meters wide, and 3.5 meters tall. In order to address this issue, several steps must be taken.

Step 1 involves calculating the airspace volume. We utilize the formula v = b * l * h, in which b denotes the ceiling’s width, l its length, and h its height. The volume in our example will be 42 m3, or 3 m * 4 m * 3.5 m.

Step 2: Using the formula k = (6 – h) * 0.25 + 3, where h is the room’s height, we will adjust the low ceiling. The amendment in our boiler room was as follows: (6 m – 3.5 m) * 0.25 + 3 ≈ 3.6.

Step 3: We figure out how much air exchange natural ventilation provides. The formula is v = k * v, where k is the adjustment to lower the ceiling height and V is the volume of air in the room. The volume that we obtained was equal to 151.2 m3 (3.6 * 42 m3).

Step 4: The exhaust pipe’s cross-sectional area needs to be measured. This can be done by using the formula S = V / (W * T), where V is the air exchange that was previously calculated, W is the air flow speed (which is measured in millimeters per second in these computations), and T is the time in seconds. 151.2 m3 / (1 m / s * 3600 s) = 0 and 042 m2 = 4.2 cm2 are what we obtain.

The area of the boiler’s inner surface determines the channel’s dimensions. The manufacturer has included this number in the device’s technical documentation. If there is no indication of this number, determine it on your own using the device’s volume. Next, use inequality to compare the area’s size and the section’s radius:

The internal radius of the chimney pipe section is denoted by R.

S stands for the boiler’s inner surface area.

You can use the table if, for whatever reason, this calculation proves to be challenging.

KOVT power, kW	The diameter of the chimney pipe, mm
24	120
thirty	130
40	170
60	190
80	220

The height of the flouratic of the roof is the last step in the computation. This is necessary because the wind generates more traction, which boosts the exhaust structure’s overall efficiency. As of right now, the following guidelines are directed by:

• The height of the flouratic above the flat roof, or at a distance of up to 1.5 meters from its ridge, should be at least 0.5 meters;
• at a distance of 1.5 to 3 meters – not lower than the skate of the roof;
• at a distance of more than 3 meters – not lower than the conditional line drawn from the roof skate at an angle of 10 °;
• The flurry should be 0.5 meters above the building, which is attached to the heated room;
• If the roof is made of combustible materials, the chimney must be raised 1-1.5 meters above the roof skate.

Calculating the chimney’s height in relation to the roof

What is the ventilation in the boiler room

If connecting to centralized networks is not possible, a home’s or an entire residential complex’s water and heating needs are met by their own boiler room. Not only is the right equipment required for high-quality work, but a well-organized ventilation system is also. It is necessary to guarantee an efficient mode of operation in addition to creating a cozy microclimate indoors. Since most users are not familiar with this aspect of boiler house functionality, we will delve deeper into the inquiry.

A room used for burning a specific kind of fuel is called a boiler room. Combustion products, such as smoke, soot, and gases released when fuel mixture components break down, are released into the atmosphere regardless of their makeup. Even with a sealed structure, there will always be some combustion products in the air when using a stove.

Apart from producing toxic emissions, the burning process actively takes up oxygen from the ambient air. If there is not enough fresh air flowing through the boiler, the personnel will endure intolerable working conditions, the boiler’s effectiveness will decline, and the combustion regimen will get worse.

However, the creation of carbon monoxide during the fuel combustion process is the most hazardous component. It lacks any tactile cues, such as color, smell, or other characteristics. The buildup happens slowly and undetected, spreading throughout commercial or residential spaces and potentially causing poisoning that results in headaches, nausea, and in the worst situations, even death.

A well-managed supply and exhaust ventilation system is required to eliminate such chances and ensure the boiler room operates safely and effectively.

Learn more about the boilers that require smoke exhaust and the materials we wrote about separately.

Artificial ventilation

Fans are used in the exhaust system to provide more traction. The air load to the channel and the room volume determine their number and power.

• Power is taken from the calculation: the maximum load plus a supply of 25-30%:

If MAX is the maximum load, then Max * 1.25;

• The number of devices is selected in proportion to the air volume necessary for pumping (the volume of the room is increased three times):

(h + b + l) * 3, where h denotes the ceiling’s height, b its width, and l its length;

• The length of the chimney, its geometry and the number of bends are taken into account.

The installation box shields the fan. The materials used to make this box are stainless steel and non-flammable. Use copper or aluminum alloys most of the time.

The installation of natural ventilation and artificial ventilation share similar designs. The canal fan is installed following the installation of the supply pipe. Install sensors, a noise absorber, a filter, and power supply wiring after the builders have finished. The grilles are fastened to both ends of the pipe both during the installation process and afterwards. Similar to this, the exhaust pipe device is installed, with the sole difference being that the air is stretched rather than pumped out.

The cost of artificial ventilation must always be covered by electricity. Occasionally, they install a fan solely on an extract or air flow during construction to save money. However, using both guarantees more efficient circulation.

With the automated ventilation system, you can switch off the fans when the boiler stops and turn it back on when the launch occurs.

What is ventilation for

When using gas equipment, the primary function of hoods is to remove gas combustion products from the area. The hood from the gas room serves as a secondary source of ventilation during leaks.

Take note! For humans, even trace levels of carbon monoxide are fatal. Also keep in mind that a combination of gas and oxygen is an explosive concoction that can destroy a house with a single unintentional spark.

Furthermore, ventilation is intended to improve the efficiency of equipment. The efficiency of the gas unit is generally increased by better gas burning in the combustion chamber, which is facilitated by an adequate air flow.

The fuel burns poorly, releases less heat, and consumes more gas mixture when the appropriate amount of air (oxygen) is not present.

Consequently, it’s essential to arrange the hoods when the boiler is operating:

• for removal from the premises of carbon monoxide;
• to increase the efficiency of gas equipment;
• to withdraw gas from the room with random leaks.

When a strong gas heater is utilized for heating, the poor quality of the hood causes the furnace compartment to become clogged. A portion of the carbon monoxide enters the space, its inner diameter drops, and the residues of fuel combustion products become clogged.

Which system is better than natural or forced

Even in cases where natural ventilation is effective, installing a forced hood is always preferable. It will cost five to ten thousand rubles to drill a hole in the street and install a fan there.

For the following reasons, the forced system is far safer than one without a fan:

• The work of natural ventilation depends on the weather: the stronger the wind – the better the hood works, and vice versa (if there is no wind, the air exchange may stop at all);
• The frequency of air exchange is unknown, not regulated and not observed in the desired value;
• Natural ventilation will not provide large air exchange (it is relevant if the boiler room is large, and if a powerful boiler is used for a large country house).

If an emergency occurs (gas pass), the fan can handle the air removal better. If the ventilation is natural, gas leaks might not be entirely expelled and could build up in the space, which could cause an explosion or poisoning.

It’s important to consider ventilation requirements when making sure your home is properly insulated and heated, particularly if you use gas stoves and boilers. SNiPs (Construction Norms and Regulations), among other building codes and standards, contain an outline of these requirements. The safe and effective functioning of gas appliances is guaranteed by proper ventilation, which permits the elimination of combustion byproducts such as carbon monoxide and guarantees a sufficient air supply for burning. In order to comply with these regulations, installation is essential since it guarantees that gas appliances are placed properly and vented to the outside. Following these ventilation guidelines and standards will help homeowners keep their homes cozy, secure, and energy-efficient.

What is the ventilation of the boiler room

All boiler equipment operates in conjunction with fuel combustion, which results in high oxygen consumption during the combustion process. Preventing reverse traction is the main responsibility of a private boiler room’s ventilation system in order to stop carbon monoxide from spreading throughout residential areas. Insufficient fresh air intake causes carbon monoxide to fill up all available space, increasing the risk of a fire and decreasing the rate of combustion.

Decomposition products can also have a major negative impact on the health and well-being of the occupants of the house. The least harmful symptoms that individuals who unintentionally breathe in combustion products can experience are weakness, poor health, dizziness, and eye irritation. Installing a properly calculated and designed boiler ventilation system is necessary to ensure the safe and efficient operation of equipment, prevent the leakage of flammable or explosive fuel, and provide comfort to users. The boiler ventilation system norm is regulated in the corresponding SNiPs.

Types of ventilation and disadvantages

Ventilation systems for boiler rooms must be able to adequately supply air exchange mode. The specifications set forth by the regulations are intended for a specific middle-sized room and do not account for variations in configuration, boiler type, equipment count, ceiling height, etc. As a result, the majority of boiler houses have an air supply option that is best suited to the circumstances at hand. Both kinds of systems are in use right now:

Natural ventilation

Simple within the company, it usually doesn’t even create it. Enough air flows through window and door openings, fences, and other openings. The simplicity and low creation and maintenance costs of such a system are its advantages. Natural ventilation has a major drawback in that it is subject to wind gusts and weather. The air exchange frequency is not observed and is unknown.

Artificial (mechanical) ventilation

Enables you to verify the performance and estimated multiplicity of the fresh air flow. allows air to be received and released in a regulated manner and ensures the stability of the operating mode. This type’s drawbacks include expensive acquisition and installation costs, reliance on energy supply, ongoing maintenance requirements, condensate removal, and other procedures.

Compromise solutions are employed in certain circumstances. While installing the fan can sometimes improve the supply line, other times it installs the exhaust system with a natural influx. Each choice has a particular cause, such as a severe stove that prevents fresh air from entering the room or the development of stagnant zones where combustion products build up. In addition to the current ventilation system, these lines are primarily developed based on the outcomes of a boiler room’s operation over a period of time.

Industrial boiler room

High-quality air exchange must be arranged in boiler rooms that prepare the coolant and DHW for sizable residential arrays or industrial businesses. Although it is not disregarded, natural ventilation is not considered because of its unpredictability and reliance on outside variables. At the design stage, the ventilation system is chosen and calculated. In the event that for some reason this has not occurred, air exchange is arranged in accordance with technical specifications provided by technologists who possess all the required information and parameters.

After the supply and exhaust lines are installed, the incoming and output air have normative values. Simultaneously, the quantity of air consumed by the stove must be considered for the supply line and added to the multiplicity; however, this is not required for the exture. Furthermore, an overly large hood may hinder traction or even result in dangerous combustion product explosions. As a result, you need a certain amount of airflow above the hood in order for the ventilation mode to be stable. The supply flow is usually increased by 10% to 15%.

Additionally, the boiler room’s height must meet standards of at least 6 meters. If this is not possible, the size of the supply flow must be increased by 25% from the standard for each meter that the boiler room’s height is below.

Boiler room in a private house

The regulatory standards that apply to industrial installations also apply to private boiler houses. On the other hand, adhering to SNiP standards is rarely done in reality. Generally speaking, adequate natural ventilation suffices for a small private boiler room. When installing supply or exhaust fans, it is necessary to have either an obvious surplus of waste air or a deficiency of fresh air. Even after accounting for furnace consumption, a significant amount of reached air that contains harmful substances and combustion products still remains.

Experts advise installing artificial ventilation in spaces where windows and doors are hermetically sealed. The only time air flow is possible if plastic frames and doors with sealants are installed is when doors or windows are opened, which happens infrequently, especially during the winter.

In these situations, the room’s volume and the supply and exhaust fans’ performance should be determined, and they should be installed in compliance with SNiP guidelines. The room’s lower level should have a fresh air intake hole, about 30 centimeters from the floor. The hood is produced through this opening in the ceiling.

Calculation production

The installation of gas heating appliances is a problem that ventilation should handle carefully if you want to give your home high-quality heating.

One of the crucial factors ensuring the efficient functioning of the heating unit is the pipe diameter of the supply and exhaust ducts. The following formulas are used to determine the ducts’ properties:

• the volume of heated room;
• the dependence of the reinforcement of the air exchange on the height of the ceilings in the room;
• air supply speed.

Take a look at a calculation example. The calculation algorithm will always be the same, even though the initial data will vary depending on the scenario. Every installation project involving autonomous gas heating equipment has comparable calculations.

• height H = 2.8 m;
• width B = 3 m;
• length l = 4 m.

We alter every parameter:

(2.8 x 4 x 3) equals 33.6 m³.

The number that results represents the room’s volume, or v.

Next, based on the room’s height, the coefficient of reinforcement for air exchange is computed. The room’s actual height is calculated by subtracting 2.8 meters from the given standard height of 6 meters, or 3.2 meters.

The exceeding that results needs to then be multiplied by 0.25 and added to the total.

The air exchange reinforcement coefficient’s calculation value is found in result 3.8.

We can calculate the amount of air that will enter the boiler room from the ventilation system in an hour by multiplying the coefficient’s value by the room’s volume:

33.6 x 3.8 = 128 m3 is V.

The last figure represents the head for the ensuing tabular calculation of the air duct section’s ideal area.

Crucial! The diameter of the extract and the supply ventilation parameters should match. exhaust pipes and a circular chimney, which are typically utilized, guarantee easy docking and minimal resistance when air streams pass

The computation data of the dependencies of the needed air volume on the duct parameters are provided for clarity in the table.

Natural circulation

An internal polypropylene pipe is installed in the gas boiler duct. A 15 cm dimeter is used for heating appliances up to 30 kW in power. A metal grid provides protection against external entry. The pipe has a valve to keep dirt and smells from the outside from entering the space.

The combustion products are collected by the gas heating hood. Fresh air is introduced into the combustion chamber via the supply pipe, which is conveniently located directly behind the firebox. The street’s weather has an impact on the boiler room’s natural ventilation system’s efficiency. The boiler room’s air must be changed at least three times in an hour, per the standards. Also read: "."

In boiler rooms equipped with gas boilers, air exchange standards are not susceptible to errors in computation. This frequently occurs when a 15 cm-diameter hole in a wall is made under natural ventilation. Inside is a ventilation pipe that is covered by a net to keep it safe from the street side. There is a check valve at the other end of this channel. This method can be accomplished by creating efficient boiler room ventilation at a minimal cost.

Ventilation for the boiler its parameters and circuit

A coaxial channel is a feature of a gas boiler that has an isolated combustion chamber. With this kind of chimney, you can provide fresh oxygen and remove smoke at the same time.

Two pipes with varying diameters make up the design; the larger pipe is housed inside the smaller one. Fresh oxygen enters the space between the pipes as smoke is expelled on the inner, smaller-diameter pipe.

Guidelines for setting up ventilation and installing a gas boiler:

1. You can connect one or two gas devices to the chimney, no more. This rule acts regardless of remoteness and location.
2. The ventilation duct must be sealed.
3. Seams are treated with sealants, the properties of which allow you to provide insulation under the influence of high temperatures.
4. The system should consist of non -combustible materials.
5. Horizontal sections of the hood should consist of two channels: one for breeding smoke, the second for cleaning.
6. The channel designed for cleaning is located below the main one by 25-35 cm.

Strict ventilation guidelines apply to dimensional parameters and separations:

1. Space from a horizontal pipe to a ceiling of at least 20 cm.
2. Walls, floor and ceiling of the room should be made of non -combustible materials.
3. At the output of the pipes, all combustible materials should be sheathed with a layer of non -combustible insulation.
4. The distance from the outer wall, from where the pipe comes out, should not be less than 30 cm before the end of the chimney.
5. If there is another wall opposite the horizontal pipe, the distance to it should not be less than 60 cm.
6. The distance from the surface of the earth to the pipe – at least 20 cm.

Requirements for ventilation in an open-burning boiler:

1. The channel is equipped to remove smoke.
2. A general system is equipped with an effective supply of the required oxygen volume.

The supply and accommodating ventilation for a gas boiler are situated in opposing corners, each featuring a check valve. When fresh air enters the building and combustion products pull in, it will offer protection in the event that the direction of flow is violated.

The computation of dimensional ventilation parameters is contingent upon the required gas volumes and oxygen supply. The excretion volumes in the room equal three times the air exchange multiplied by that amount. The volume of air that moves through the space in an hour is known as the multiplicity of air exchange. Three units of multiplicity plus volume, absorbed through burning, is the supply of oxygen.

The boiler’s power is used to determine the necessary duct’s diameter.

The boiler’s power is used to determine the air duct’s diameter.

An illustration of how to figure out air exchange parameters:

1. The dimensions of the room: length (i) 3 meters, width (b) 4 meters, height (h) 3 meters. The volume (V) of the premises is 36 cubic meters and is calculated by the formula (v = i * b * h).
2. The frequency of air exchange (K) is calculated by the formula K = (6-H) * 0.25+3. We count-k = (6-3) * 0.25+3 = 3.75.
3. Volume that takes place in an hour (V). V = v * k = 36 * 3.75 = 135 cubic meters.
4. The cross -sectional area of the hood (s). S = v/(v x t), where t (time) = 1 hour. S = 135/(3600 x 1) = 0.037 kV. m. The supply hole must have a similar size.

The chimney may be outfitted in a number of ways:

1. The exit horizontally into the wall.
2. Exit into the wall with a bend and rise.
3. Vertical exit to the ceiling with a bend.
4. Direct vertical output through the roof.

The view of a private home’s ventilation system with a coaxial chimney is as follows:

• a gas boiler;
• corner coaxial discharge;
• coaxial pipe;
• condensate
• filter;
• protective grille;
• horizontal and vertical tip;
• Roof lining.

4 Natural and artificial systems for choosing and installation

SNiP allow you to organize three types of ventilation in the premises of interest. The first is natural, is equipped with the power of the boiler using gas for work to 30 kW. In this case, the air flow is carried out along the channel with a cross section of about 15 cm. We mount it strictly behind the fuel chamber of the unit. In the blow, we install a pipe made of plastic, the release of the ventilation room on the street is equipped with a steel grid. She protects the system from the entering of garbage, small rodents. From the inside on the channel we mount the check valve. It will not allow air to go out.

Hood (second pipe) is installed above the heating device. The check valve can be equipped with its. Then, through the hood, the air will not enter the boiler room. We put a cap over this pipe to protect the channel from precipitation. The simplest ventilation is ready. As you can see, everything is simple. No need to perform any calculations, make complex schemes, and so on. But, unfortunately, such a system is extremely ineffective in operation. The quality of air exchange in it depends on many random factors – the strength of the wind, external temperature, pressure. In fact, it is impossible to control her work.

Artificial ventilation, which uses mechanical traction, is the second kind. A similar system runs on dedicated fans. Generally speaking, channel devices are employed. They are chosen with consideration for the installed ventilation ducts’ section.

The corresponding calculation is the only step in the organization of artificial supply ventilation. The next option is the simplest. In order to calculate how much air will be replaced in the space in an hour, we need:

• multiply the length of the boiler room by its width, and then by the height of the ceilings;
• multiply the resulting value by 3 (required air exchange ratio).

We choose the required diameter for the supply pipe and the hood (which will be the same) based on the outcome.

The company occasionally employs a mixed ventilation system. This system is integrated. It blends aspects of natural and artificial supply ventilation. It is outfitted with consideration for the specifications we have previously established.

Final words of wisdom. Automatic complexes enable the utilization of artificial systems with greater efficiency and effectiveness. When the heating unit is turned on, they activate the fans that are connected to the boiler. Veins are functioning while gas in the firebox burns. The fans go out as soon as the boiler shuts off.

Ventilation of the kitchen with a gas stove

Most of the time, the natural ventilation for gas plates that is installed in all private homes and apartments fails to achieve its intended purpose. causes of poor design, construction mistakes, poor maintenance, and poor cleaning. To check if the ventilation in a kitchen with a gas stove is functioning, simply smoke a cigarette there and come back in 15 to 20 minutes. Strong smoke odor? It is therefore necessary to upgrade the system as the current one does not meet the requirements for kitchen ventilation with a gas stove.

Requirements for kitchen ventilation with gas stove

The kitchen with the gas stove (SNiP 42-01) must adhere to the following ventilation requirements in order to provide enough air exchange in the room with the stove:

• Ceiling height of more than 2 m 20 cm;
• The presence of a ventilation canal or window with an opened window in the upper part;
• Under the door or in its lower part, the gap or hole with a total area of 25 square meters. cm.

Air outflow

The kitchen hood

Installing an extractor fan is the most popular solution for restoring normal ventilation above a gas stove. The air rising above the stove, food odors, and carbon monoxide will be stretched by the fan. Additionally, a broad hood umbrella will send the vapours straight to the duct. With a gas stove, the hood allows for forced exhaust ventilation in the kitchen. Hood prices vary widely and are influenced by factors such as manufacturer, additional functions, design, and power.

Two varieties of hoods exist:

• with filtration and recirculation of air;
• with the removal of the spent air outward.

Since the first type of hoods are not involved in air exchange, they cannot be referred to as a component of the ventilation system. However, the latter completely guarantee the exhaust air’s outflow. Instead of where fresh is. However, additional steps are needed for supply ventilation in a kitchen with a gas stove if plastic windows are installed.

The following formula is used to choose the hood’s power:

M is equal to O * 10.

ABOUT-The following formula is used to determine the kitchen’s air volume:

O = H * l * s

H – The room’s height, L stands for the room’s length and S for its width.

Documents pertaining to regulations state that installing mechanical ventilation for a gas boiler in an apartment building’s residential units is permissible without interfering with the common house ventilation system’s function. That is, the hood’s duct cannot be removed so that it fully overlaps the ventilation grill inside the mine. If not, the ventilation in the kitchen or gas boiler room will not work when the hood is off.

A special ventilation grill with a circular duct exit is used to solve the issue.

The video contains all of the connecting hoods’ secrets:

Air flow

The item "window supply valve" has been renamed.

Supply devices create the fresh air supply required for both human health and the regular operation of gas equipment.

The following kinds of supply devices are available on the market to ventilate a gas stove in a home or apartment:

• The window supply valve. It is built into the sash of a plastic window, works automatically or manually. Prone to icing in particularly severe frosts;
• Wall supply valve. For installation, a hole in the outer wall is required. There are models with air filtration, it can be automatic;
• Improver. Hung on the lower sash of the plastic door, works from the network. Not only filters the supply air, but also warms it.

With our recommendations, you can install any of the specified supply ventilation devices for the kitchen independently, even if you have a gas stove or boiler.

Types of ventilation of gas heating equipment

There are two categories for ventilation techniques used to ventilate gas heating equipment:

• natural;
• Forced.

Let’s take a closer look at these kinds.

Natural ventilation

Air supply can be provided most easily through natural ventilation. This option does not rely on outside energy sources, but because of the gas boiler’s design and the heated room’s architectural constraints, its efficacy might not be sufficient.

The temperature of the ambient air, the direction and strength of the wind, and the atmospheric pressure parameters all affect how effective natural ventilation is. The volume of naturally flowing air and the extract’s regular operation can also be impacted by the heating system’s intensity and gas pressure in the system. As a result, one major disadvantage of natural ventilation is that its intensity depends on several variables.

Crucial! Exhaust fans are required as an extra precaution when connecting a gas boiler to a natural ventilation system in order to prevent carbon monoxide from building up inside the boiler room and to stop an explosive airborne mixture from forming. This method of ventilation is appropriate for small-scale residential buildings that have low-power gas boilers.

These boilers don’t need a separate air duct system or the reservation of a special room. It suffices to drill a hole in the outer wall that is between 100 and 150 mm in diameter and fit the coaxial chimney pipe into it.

This ventilation technique is appropriate for small-scale residential buildings that have low-power gas boilers. These boilers don’t need a separate air duct system or the reservation of a special room. It suffices to drill a hole in the outer wall that is between 100 and 150 mm in diameter and fit the coaxial chimney pipe into it.

Modern forced or mechanical ventilation is a common substitute for natural ventilation, as it is safer and more effective.

Forced ventilation

Practice has shown that the forced method of boiler room ventilation is effective, and it has been in use for a long time.

The following are some benefits of forced, or mechanical, ventilation:

• equipped at those objects where natural ventilation is not effective;
• the possibility of adjusting the air exchange intensity depending on the operating mode of the boiler;
• the presence of automation in the control of the operation of the injection equipment.

Organization of a chimney in a boiler room

A chimney is the main component of any ventilation system.

This clarifies why SNiP has specific requirements regarding him:

• Mandatory tightness. Combustion products should not fall into the boiler room.
• The configuration of the pipe mounted inside the ventilation shaft depends on the performance of the heating unit.
• A chimney pipe bred on the roof should be placed above the roofing skate by at least 2 m: this will ensure normal traction.

Indicators of the appropriate pipe cross section for the ventilation organization are included in the supporting documentation. The chimney is made of galvanized steel or stainless steel.

It’s crucial to use round pipes with no more than three bends to achieve the same diameters. Typically, a boiler exhaust fan is used to provide artificial traction.

It’s important to consider the ventilation ducts’ cross section, length, and number of bends when selecting an appropriate model. Including a fan, tributaries, and outflows is a good idea. It is advised that the device’s power reserve be kept within 30%. Automation allows the fan to activate simultaneously with the start of a gas boiler, greatly boosting ventilation productivity. primarily working on the automation and air conditioning installation, which enables you to warm the air while working.

Why do you need an air circulation system

Very good ventilation is required in a sealed boiler room this small, and there are probably dimensions violations.

Even with the advancement of sophisticated gas boiler technology, carbon monoxide poisoning and fatalities continue to rise. The least that a person can experience are headaches and general weakness. Disregarding widely recognized standards lowers the efficiency of heating apparatus. The boiler cannot function normally unless there is a constant supply of air, and without oxygen, the fuel does not burn out entirely. This implies that very little heat will be produced.

Take note! When the boiler room hood is weak, the flooring boiler performs poorly and burns accumulates within. This causes the lumen, thrust, and combustion products to fall into the boiler room, where they can then infiltrate other areas of a private residence.

It is important to realize that the boiler will use the air in the room if it is located apart from the house, even in the early stages of the building design shown in the diagram. There will be sufficient airflow in the boiler room when non-plastic doors are installed. Modern plastic windows and doors prevent street air from entering the building. When the boiler operates, air is released, which reduces the equipment’s capacity. There’s a good chance that the boiler room will fill with carbon monoxide.

The significance of the ventilation system in every room is demonstrated by this example.

Modern air exchange solution

A private home’s boiler room ought to be outfitted with all the safety features required by contemporary automated climate control systems. Considering The system is self-sufficient and consists of multiple components that measure the air’s oxygen content, temperature, and other parameters. The ventilation circuit’s fans and filters activate automatically when the indicators depart from the specified norm. The video shows a rough representation of the climatic system, which includes the boiler room.

Appropriately designing an air circulation system is crucial in a closed boiler room because it impacts the rate at which oxygen enters the fuel combustion chamber, the boiler’s efficiency, and the heating system.

The main types of ventilation for the operation of gas heating boilers

For heating gas boilers to operate safely and effectively, two types of ventilation are set up:

• natural;
• Forced.

A schematic representation of the functions of these two ventilation types can be provided for clarity.

Take a moment to review the gadget and how these ventilation systems are used.

Natural ventilation

Since a private home typically occupies 80–100 m2, natural traction is sufficient for autonomous heating to function normally. A plague with a diameter of 15 cm is required for boilers up to 30 kW. This ventilation duct has a plastic nozzle attached to it, and it is covered on the outside with a metal mesh to keep out rodents and trash.

In a private home, the ventilation system for a gas boiler is installed as follows. An "umbrella" that covers the upper edge of the exhaust pipe shields the exhaust channel from atmospheric precipitation. The interior of the pipe has a check valve installed to stop arbitrary air output outward.

The duct is mounted behind the fuel chamber, and the hood is positioned directly above the heating boiler.

Important! In accordance with the requirements and standards, the ventilation efficiency is determined by its ability to update the air mass in the boiler room three times within an hour. . Note: calculate the exact parameters of the natural ventilation of the gas boiler mounted in a private house, since the intensity of air exchange depends on too many factors – atmospheric pressure, strength and direction of the wind, environmental temperature, etc.D

Nota bene: The intensity of air exchange depends too much on too many variables, such as ambient temperature, wind direction and strength, atmospheric pressure, and so on, to determine the precise parameters of natural ventilation for a gas boiler in a private home.

The chimney’s device determines the hood’s efficiency, and the SNiPs that correspond to it specify the chimney’s specifications. The boiler’s power determines the chimney’s diameter.

As an illustration, a chimney with a diameter of 120 mm is sufficient for a boiler with a 24 kW power output. The diameter of the chimney increases as the boiler’s power increases. Chimneys with a 230 mm diameter are standard on gas boilers that have a capacity greater than 100 kW. The length and degree of elevation of the chimney’s upper point above the roof’s skate are crucial factors to consider; the pipe should rise at least 0.5 meters above the skate. If not, there could be air leaks into the space.

For reference: The technical passport of gas equipment indicates the recommended chimney diameter for each model of boiler.

Forced ventilation

You may utilize the equipment with a discharge fan if the natural hood’s specifications fall short of what the boiler’s operating instructions specify. Channel fans are typically installed with gas boilers. Through the operation of the fan, air is forced into the combustion chamber. Air is absorbed into the room as a result of the low pressure area created by a functioning supercharger.

Forced ventilation must be set up for high power boilers that produce a lot of hazardous substances and have high combustion intensities. It is very easy to calculate the forced ventilation productivity of a gas boiler installed in a private home. Think about a particular instance.

Measurements of the boiler room area:

• length – 3.0 m;
• width – 2.0 m;
• Height – 2.2 m.

The volume of the room determines how the parameters vary:

13.2 m Cube is equal to 3 x m2 x 2.2 m. Assuming a whole unit rounding, we arrive at 14.0 m cubic meters.

The boiler room’s air should change three times in an hour, so

Cube of 14.0 x 3 = 42 m. In other words, under perfect circumstances, an exhaust fan’s power should be 42 m cubic meters per hour. However, 40% more power should be added to the final figure since some of it will be used to overcome the resistance when passing the chimney:

42 x 1.4 is equal to 58.8 m3 per hour.

The final figure, 60 m cubic meters/hour, is obtained by rounding the value up to the nearest ten.

You ought to be aware that the supply ventilation’s intensity

Watch the video to gain a better understanding of the apartment’s ventilation system and the things private home tenants should be aware of.

Ways to organize air exchange in the boiler room

You can have forced air ventilation as well as natural ventilation in the heating room. The primary prerequisite is adherence to safety regulations.

The easiest way to facilitate natural air exchange is to poke a hole in the wall across from the boiler. A measured diameter pipe with a valve is used to control the room’s outflow for the exhaust air and gases.

Traction is required for the natural air exchange system to function effectively. The ventilation pipe is positioned vertically to surpass three meters in height for this purpose. If a horizontal duct is the only option, it needs to have a fan installed.

The simplicity, effectiveness, and energy dependence of the boiler room’s natural ventilation system are its primary benefits. However, the air flow into the room cannot be controlled by this system; it is dependent on external factors such as the weather.

It is best to install mechanical ventilation in the heating room if it has a water heating system. In order for this system to endure high temperatures, refractory materials should be used in its construction. It can have both horizontal and vertical channels; the quality of the work is unaffected by this.

In order to optimize air exchange in the boiler room, a combination of forced exhaust and natural supply systems is recommended. In this instance, it is imperative that the air intake hole be situated naturally at a safe distance from the boiler. This poses a fire risk if the air supply is directed.

Climate equipment

Modern boilers are outfitted with unique sensors that allow them to coordinate their operations while accounting for environmental conditions. These systems, which include calorifiers, fans, and filters, enable resource conservation in addition to maintaining a comfortable microclimate in the heating room.

Supply and mono-block ventilation, which enables you to combine all installations in one case, are more economical but also more compact. Because of its excellent sound insulation, it operates quietly.

Other options

Air conditioning can be integrated with party exhaust ventilation. In any season, mechanical influx and hoods will maintain the ideal temperature in the rooms. The califfer will cause the air to warm up in the winter and cool down in a designated area during the warmer months. Such a system’s large size and noise level are drawbacks.

Automation of the boiler room ventilation

The boiler room’s ventilation can be automated to improve resident safety.

1. Choose a fan with a control panel or a wall -mounted speed regulator, a margin of performance (the larger the supply is – the better) and several speeds. The remote control needs to be fixed at the entrance to the boiler room. If suddenly the concentration of carbon monoxide or natural gas rises in the room – you can turn on the maximum speed of the hood remotely. Fans with remote control are on average 10-20% more expensive than "ordinary".
2. Install a gas analyzer in a boiler room – a device that measures gas concentration and gives a signal when it exceeds it. The average cost of a simple household model is 3000-6000 rubles.
3. Choose boilers with safety means: a flame control sensor and traction control sensor. They will automatically turn off the boiler if the burners go out, or if the thrust in the chimney is too low. In the middle and high price category, these sensors are placed on almost all models.

Adhering to all regulations is preferable in order to guarantee security.

Requirement	Description
Ventilation	Proper ventilation is crucial to prevent the build-up of harmful gases like carbon monoxide, which can be produced by gas stoves and boilers.
SNiPs	Follow the regulations outlined in the relevant building codes (SNiPs) to ensure safe and effective ventilation for gas appliances.
Installation	Ensure that gas stoves and boilers are installed correctly by qualified professionals to maintain proper ventilation and prevent potential hazards.

For your home heating system to be both safe and effective, you must make sure that there is enough ventilation when using gas stoves and boilers. Harmful gases, such as carbon monoxide, can accumulate in an environment without enough ventilation, endangering your family’s health.

Ventilation system installation and maintenance require adherence to the standards and building codes, such as SNiPs (Safety Norms and Rules in Construction). These rules are intended to guarantee that heating appliances function safely and effectively while shielding residents from the risks connected with inadequate ventilation.

It’s crucial to take your home’s layout and design into account when installing gas boilers and stoves in order to choose the best ventilation option. Strategically placed, appropriately sized ductwork and vents aid in the effective removal of combustion byproducts and the preservation of a healthy indoor environment.

It is imperative to hire qualified professionals for the installation and maintenance of gas appliances and ventilation systems, in addition to adhering to regulatory requirements. Skilled specialists possess the know-how and proficiency to evaluate the unique requirements of your house and suggest the best ventilation options, guaranteeing maximum efficiency and security.

To avoid possible problems and guarantee ongoing safety and effectiveness, ventilation systems must undergo routine maintenance and inspections. Regular inspections by qualified experts help to find issues early and fix them quickly, lowering the possibility of dangers and extending the life of your heating equipment.

Homes can confidently enjoy the warmth and coziness offered by gas stoves and boilers by prioritizing appropriate ventilation and following established standards and guidelines. This way, they can be sure that their heating system is safe for them and their loved ones as well as efficient.

Video on the topic

Gasification: Mandatory SP and SNiP