Album of standard automation circuits for ventilation systems for control systems of supply systems

The insulation and heating system is essential to maintaining a comfortable and energy-efficient home. However, ventilation is another crucial element that is frequently overlooked. A fresh supply of air is guaranteed by proper ventilation, which also contributes to the maintenance of ideal indoor air quality. And what further streamlines this procedure? ventilation system-specific automation circuits.

Imagine owning a standard set of automation circuits that are specifically intended to regulate your home’s ventilation systems. These circuits serve as the system’s brains, making sure that your ventilation system operates effectively and efficiently. These circuits enable smooth airflow adjustment in response to changes in temperature, humidity, or air quality.

You may be asking yourself, what good is automation? Consider it this way: automation makes your life easier. Automation circuits handle all of the monitoring and adjustment of your ventilation system for you, saving you the trouble. In the long run, they even help save money by improving comfort levels, conserving energy, and increasing energy efficiency.

The problem lies in the fact that selecting the appropriate automation circuits can be difficult. That’s why it’s useful to have an album with common ventilation system automation circuits. This compilation acts as a reference, providing a range of well-reviewed circuits to accommodate various requirements and tastes. Having such a resource at your disposal can make your work much easier, regardless of whether you’re a professional installer or a do-it-yourself enthusiast.

General information

Supply and exhaust ventilation systems of buildings with a distinct set of equipment, such as recuperators, coolers, calorifers, regulatory valves and pumps in the cooler and califfer circuit, air dampers, and filters, are managed and controlled by SAU ventilation.

The following tasks were completed when self-propelled guns were implemented:

• automatic maintenance of a given temperature and air exchange frequency in the serviced room;
• Fire safety – control of fire -holding valves;
• Timely diagnosis of ventilation equipment failures.

• maintaining air temperature in the maintenance of the premises in the limits specified by the controller program;
• continuous automatic protection of the water heat exchanger from freezing along the temperature of the water and the temperature of the supply air, control of air filter pollution in the supply system;
• the work of ventilation systems in “daytime”/“night” and “winter”/“summer” modes;
• control of the state of controlled equipment.

Information is shared between the ventilation self-propelled guns and the control panel, offering the following advantages:

• transmission to the dispatching panel of technological parameters, messages about freelance situations and data on the work of executive mechanisms;
• Remote control for individual mechanisms if necessary, while automatic control for the system as a whole is maintained, and the incorrect actions of the operator are blocked;
• Obtaining from the dispatching remote control for unscheduled inclusion and disconnection, as well as tasks for temperature in the serviced rooms.

Apart from the primary control system operated by the control room, the ventilation systems are supplied on-site by the communist party button control posts situated in the serviced rooms.

The SAU hardware and software platform offers a high degree of programming and configuration flexibility. Consequently, self-propelled guns are distinguished from comparable products by the following features:

• the ability to connect small ventilation systems to controllers of large ventilation systems without installing additional control cabinets;
• the possibility of connecting the actual mechanisms of other engineering systems (fire -retardant valves, smoke lifting fans, pumping pumps, etc.) to the controllers of ventilation units;
• the possibility of implementing the controller and control programs in a short time and with insignificant costs in case of changes in the initial project of automation of engineering systems;
• The flexibility of control algorithms, which makes it easy to modify them during the design of engineering systems in the event of the appropriate requirements of the customer;
• the possibility of transmitting information to the upper level for any standard protocols requested by the supplier of the dispatch system.

Device diagram

Control cabinet connections are made in accordance with standard procedure, which is governed by GOST P51321-1. Corridors, utility rooms, and shield rooms are equipped with cabinets, stands, and shields. The ventilation and fire control units are housed in a single closet that is situated in the dispatch, in the event of technical issues. By doing this, you’ll be able to quickly access emergency and functional ventilation control panels and respond to system issues more quickly.

There are specific temperature and humidity requirements for the space where the shields are installed. Devices need to be consistently shielded from dust, water droplets, and direct UV radiation. Limiting the effects of magnetic vibrations and radio interference on devices is important because they can also adversely affect their proper operation. Control cabinets can operate between the following temperature ranges: -10 and +55. Grounding is necessary for the device’s installation, and the network current frequency shouldn’t be higher than 50 Hz. Power networks operating at 220 and 380 V are utilized as a power source.

The main requirements of the placement scheme is to find all control devices on one stand and in one plane. The most important nodes responsible for the safety of the device must be equipped with light indicators and it is advisable to connect to a personal computer. In addition, devices responsible for the correct operation of the main nodes should be equipped with two types of control: manual and automatic. The most convenient for operation are cabinets equipped with a remote control, allowing a person who does not have much experience in governing ventilation, to monitor its work. In addition, the connection diagram of devices should be simple and extremely accessible for understanding. This will help in the event of an emergency to turn off the installation on your own, without waiting for the arrival of repair services.

Calculation of ventilation systems

The right equipment selection that will have the required performance characteristics regarding the number of air driven (cubic meter/hour) is necessary for the first stage of the room’s ventilation calculation.

The frequency of air metabolism is one such parameter that is thought to be highly significant. It describes how much total air replacements there are within the building for an hour.

The norms and construction rules must be considered in order to accurately calculate this parameter. The frequency is determined by the use of the space, its contents, the number of occupants, etc.

For the purpose of this indicator, the ventilation of production facilities must also account for the equipment, its operational characteristics, and the quantity of moisture or heat that it can detect. The frequency of air exchange in residential buildings is one, and up to three in industrial buildings.

The brevity indicators contribute to the performance value, which can be expressed as follows:

• from 100 to 800 m³/h (apartment);
• from 1000 to 2000 m³/h (house);
• from 1000-10000 m³/h (office).

Air distributors must also be installed and designed correctly. Special air distributors, air ducts, turns, adapters, and so forth are examples of these.

In any building, having a system that provides accurate and dependable ventilation is crucial.

Why is you need a squint, where it is used

No additional devices are needed for small household ventilation systems used in private buildings and multi-story buildings. They can be operated manually, remotely, or with a remote control.

Industrial systems, in contrast to domestic ones, are substantially larger than the networks’ length. Many useful devices—fans being the foremost example—are originally mounted in awkward-to-reach locations. Owing to restricted access, a block furnished with an extensive array of specialized machinery is used to exercise control.

A contemporary ventilation control panel can be made to resemble a panel with adjustable indicator devices mounted on it, or it can resemble metal cabinets that are placed on the floor or mounted to the wall. This is the interior area with the equipment, which is shielded by swing doors. They close the castle to prevent unauthorized individuals from entering.

The ventilation control panel accomplishes the following primary tasks:

• Control over the equipment, devices and equipment that is part of the ventilation systems.
• Protection of controlled devices in case of emergency situations caused by overheating, incorrect installation and connection, short circuits.
• Adjusting functions – installing the required parameters performance and equipment power.
• The ability to program individual nodes and units or the entire system for a certain period, from 1 day to 1 month.
• The control and adjustment processes of the ventilation control panel are greatly facilitated due to the established indication.
• Each of the premises may maintain its own temperature, which can be changed at the right time.
• Air filters, the degree of their pollution, as well as the condition of the internal walls of the ducts are controlled.
• Control over the operation of seasonal equipment, which is exposed to negative influences due to sharp changes in outdoor temperature.

The facility’s ventilation control system makes it possible to continuously observe all equipment conditions and work processes from one location. When a device malfunctions or stops working, quickly identify and fix it.

Automatic ventilation cabinet functions

The human element could no longer be involved in the ventilation control cabinet’s operation, thanks to advancements in ventilation automation technology. Automation ensures that the vast functionality of the ventilation, which is managed by the cabinet’s executive devices, is highly secure.

Ventilation control cabinets offer a multitude of options. These include:

• Connecting any ventilation elements with different physical characteristics and various ports to install the system.
• The ability to control the network voltage.
• Management of special electric valves to ensure continuous power in the mains. Increases the operation of the devices, excluding their overheating, closing, overload.
• Control of the specified parameters for the placement and the speed of rotation of the fans.

Standard functions

The functions of a traditional ventilation automation cabinet are as follows:

• Control of the temperature of the heating of a separate element of the ventilation system.
• Control over the operation parameters of the air valve drive.
• Control over the purity of air filters. When contaminating, the sound signal is supplied to the control unit unit.
• Control of a valve to move the flows of air masses to maintain a given air temperature in the room.
• The control of the ventilation equipment unit is carried out manually, turning on and off.
• Exclusion of overheating and short circuit of the pumping motor.
• Using light indicators, you can get information about the work of the system as a whole.
• The possibility of extending the time stopping time: both supply and exhaust air, fans of the shuv (ventilation control cabinet).
• Maintaining a journal of failures in the operation of the forced ventilation system.
• Control over the icing of the parts of the freon cooler.

Extended functions

The particular shov device model determines the set of expanded functions. Use features like these frequently:

• Management of special valves to adjust the pressure when fan belt breaks.
• Control in automatic mode for the amount of carbon dioxide.
• Saving all data about work in magazines after turning off electricity.
• Control over a special mixing chamber of air flows.
• Programming for a week in advance of the entire work process.
• Control over the parameters of the cooling valve.
• Control using an electric heater.
• Using remote control.
• Implementation of effective work with sensors designed to control different room parameters using a cascading method.

What is automation for ventilation systems

These days, automatic ventilation control systems are made up of a vast array of different technological components. The goal of each one, from thermostats to sophisticated computerized modules, is to make it easier to regulate and manage the forced ventilation system’s operation. Any facility, regardless of its features and purpose, can have its automation issues resolved with a range of equipment.

Different approaches to the manufacturing of remote controls for automated ventilation controls can be taken depending on the operational and technical requirements:

• On some objects, you can do with standard modules manufactured in the form of cabinets with control devices installed in them.
• In other cases, installers have to manually collect complexes adapted to complex supply and exhaust ventilations, taking into account specific tasks.

The need to guarantee that ventilation functions effectively and that comfortable conditions are created for residents or workers in the building’s interior, irrespective of the time of year or the weather outside, accounts for the differences in approaches.

A series of sensors installed indoors is used to control the ventilation mechanisms. Some of them function on the basis of thermostats, meaning that when the interior temperature rises, fans are triggered automatically to bring in fresh air.

Contemporary automated systems are outfitted with sophisticated control and measurement instruments along with artificial intelligence components.

These modules are composed structurally of three node groups:

• Sensors – devices transmitting information about the environment – thermostats, air moisture meters, gas analyzers. They transmit the collected data to the analyzing center.
• The Control Center collects and processes the information coming from the control sensors, and on the basis of the analysis obtained issues commands to control mechanisms for changes in the operating mode.
• Executive mechanisms – nodes carrying out mechanical actions. This group includes: a converter of the fan speed, servo drives to adjust the position of the valves and t.D.

Management centers determine the percentage of humidity and the oxygen to carbon dioxide ratio in the air before ordering a room to be ventilated. Highly intelligent electronics independently stop the influx of fresh air if a fire is detected, halting its spread.

In its default state, automation allows all ventilation system mechanisms and components to operate in unison without the operator’s assistance.

Computerized modules communicate sensor readings and information about the operating mode for a single control panel. This enables the operator to modify the remote mode settings and, if needed, adjust the automation’s operation.

One of the third modes of instrument management is employed, depending on the particular circumstances:

• Manual. Ventilation management is carried out by the operator located directly in the shield room, or behind the remote control panel.
• Autonomous. The equipment works in accordance with the installed settings, regardless of other engineering systems installed in the building.
• Auto. Management devices are integrated into general management of all engineering complexes of the building. The ventilation operation is synchronized with other devices and sensors located in the house – for example, with a fire alarm, other emergency sensors.

As a result, the automated complex functions as the control center. He starts the ventilation, stops it, interprets the sensor data, and establishes the ideal regime based on the humidity, temperature, and other variables.

Types of supply and exhaust systems

The most effective of the ventilation systems are supply and exhaust, including recuperators in the circuit. These devices are heat exchangers using the energy of the discharge air. In this case, the input stream and discharge do not enter into direct contact. The recuperator can be rotary, plate or containing intermediate coolant. Rotary is highly effective, but is considered the most expensive. Its use is uneconomical when the outer air temperature in the cold period does not drop below 15 degrees of frost. At the same time, supply and exhaust units with rotary recuperators used in the northern latitudes provide saving energy consumption for heating the premises. The plate version of the device is more accessible and refers to the budget segment.

Utilizing a recuperator during installation

During the colder months, the room’s incoming air flow is heated, and the newly arriving stream’s heat is released. Absence of mixing ensures that the worked out material is constantly removed and replaced with clean, fresh air. The device functions in reverse during the summer months due to the heat. He takes the heat from the recently arrived stream that cools as it falls into the room.

A less expensive kind is the circulation type’s general exchange ventilation. Heat is transferred from the worked out surface to the air entering the outside environment.

Furthermore, the room’s air quality cannot be the same as it was in the previous iteration. Installation of circulation systems is prohibited in buildings where the atmosphere may contain flammable gases, carbon monoxide, hazardous materials, and other elements that pose a threat to human health or life.

The ineffectiveness of forced circulation ventilation when the outside temperature falls below zero is another drawback.

Air conditioning systems are the priciest options for supply and exhaust units with forced ventilation. With the help of devices, you can create comfortable conditions all year round by adjusting the temperature regime over a wide range. The system has the filtration outline and heat pump required for air purification.

The control system provides each forced ventilation system. The priciest options come equipped with sensors and "smart" electronics that can automatically change the modes based on a preset program.

There are other options besides mechanical air circulation for building ventilation, particularly in multi-story buildings. The flow required for ventilation can be produced by the pressure drop that occurs both inside and outside the building. This idea forms the basis of the supply and exhaust ventilation device with natural circulation. Simultaneously, the following details are considered:

1. To accommodate the air intake, the side of the building is usually selected, which is most often blown by the winds.
2. Division is made from the opposite side
3. The air intake itself is equipped with a deflector that enhances the incoming stream.

The low cost and straightforward design of this system are its defining features. Simplicity, however, eliminates the opportunity to save heat and the many benefits—such as ionization, cleaning, and humidity control—that come with forced ventilation installations.

Automatic ventilation cabinet functions

Cabinet for ventilation control "Rubezh-4a"

Cabinets for controlling ventilation

• support the required constant power of the mains;
• allow us to conveniently connect lines of different power voltage to various terminals of terminals;
• control the intensity of the rotation of the fans, smoothly launched and do not allow a phase distort;
• equalize the capacity, preventing equipment overheating, overload and close;
• control the voltage in the network autonomously, remotely or local.

In the summer or on-duty modes, the power cabinet and exhaust ventilation are in operation. The air temperature is not regulated when in summer mode. In the event that the температура приточного воздуха низка, автоматика шкафа переклячает управление приточной вентиляцией в режим защиты.

Standard functions

• Manual stop and launch;
• compatible with temperature sensors of supply, outdoor air, as well as reverse coolant;
• fixes the temperature of the contacts of the fan engines;
• regulates the air valve drive function;
• prevents the closing and overload of the pump engine;
• controls the drive of the heat supply valve;
• warns the freezing of water heaters and freon cookers;
• prevents overheating of the electric heater;
• extends the stop of the fan of the supply air;
• gives signals about the need to cleanse air filters;
• stops and de -energizes the equipment with fire alarm;
• announces with the help of light indication about the operation of the system;
• fixes accidents in a special journal.

Extended functions

• Warns the pressure drops in fan belt breaks;
• Provides frequency transformation for fans;
• Regulates air temperatures in the rooms in a cascading way;
• compatible with the temperature sensor on the hood;
• informs the accident with light indication;
• It is possible to connect remote control;
• controls the operation of the air valve;
• ensures the connection of additional fans;
• two-phase control of the compressor-condenser;
• five -phase control by an electric heater;
• controls the mixing camera;
• warns the freezing of the recuperator and the rotary regenerator;
• controls air humidifiers;
• programmed for 7 days;
• controls the cooler valve;
• controls recirculation damper;
• with insufficient heating power reduces the speed of rotation of the fan blades;
• saves data in memory after turning off the power;
• controls the level of carbon dioxide.

Manufacturers can add extra features to a cabinet designed for automated ventilation control upon request.

• work without sensors;
• recording reports on the operation of the system;
• Cold recovery;
• Dispatch Remote or Local Control.

Standard Automation Circuits	Ventilation Systems
Control Systems	Supply Systems

For the comfort and quality of the air inside our homes to be maintained, adequate ventilation must be ensured. Automation circuits are now essential tools for effectively controlling ventilation systems thanks to technological advancements. With so many standard automation circuits designed with ventilation systems in mind, this article gives homeowners a wide range of options to choose from.

Every situation has a solution, ranging from simple timer-based controls to complex sensor-driven circuits. By maximizing airflow based on current conditions, these automation circuits not only simplify the operation of ventilation systems but also help save energy. Homeowners can save energy expenses and achieve better indoor air quality and comfort by installing these circuits.

Moreover, these automation circuits’ adaptability permits customization based on personal preferences and external circumstances. The possibilities are endless, from modifying ventilation rates according to occupancy levels to syncing with other smart home appliances for seamless integration. This adaptability gives homeowners the ability to design custom solutions that satisfy their particular needs.

Furthermore, homeowners can successfully install standard automation circuits without specialized knowledge due to their accessibility. These circuits integrate easily and conveniently into existing ventilation systems thanks to their user-friendly interfaces and simple installation procedures. The advantages of advanced ventilation control become more widely available to a larger audience due to their accessibility.

To sum up, standard automation circuits for ventilation systems are a big step in the right direction toward increasing the effectiveness and efficiency of home ventilation. Homeowners can attain the highest levels of comfort, energy efficiency, and indoor air quality by utilizing automation. There’s never been a better moment to upgrade your home with automated ventilation control thanks to the variety of options available.

We hope to make the process of comprehending and putting into practice control systems for ventilation in homes easier with our article, "Album of Standard Automation Circuits for Ventilation Systems." We simplify complicated automation circuits so that both professionals and homeowners can understand them with our simple-to-follow diagrams and explanations. Whether you want to install a new system or upgrade your current one, our guide offers a thorough resource to assist you in achieving effective and efficient ventilation control. Our range of options caters to different needs and budgets, ranging from basic setups to advanced configurations. Explore our album to improve your home’s comfort and energy efficiency while streamlining the control of your ventilation system.

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