Principle of operation and installation scheme of apartment heat meters

Home energy management is becoming more and more crucial for both financial savings and environmental sustainability. Precisely measuring the amount of heat used in each apartment in multi-unit buildings is a crucial component of this. Heat meters are essential to this procedure because they offer a precise and equitable means of tracking and distributing heating expenses among residents. This article will examine the installation and operation principles of apartment heat meters, illuminating their purpose and workings.

Fundamentally, a heat meter is an apparatus intended to quantify the quantity of thermal energy utilized by a specific residence. These meters are essential for figuring out each unit’s proportionate share of the overall heating costs in apartment buildings, where several units share a single heating system. Heat meters facilitate equitable cost distribution among residents by precisely measuring their heat consumption, thereby fostering accountability and transparency.

The idea underlying apartment heat meters’ operation is quite simple. These meters usually make use of the idea of heat transfer via a heat exchanger. Warm water enters each apartment through the heating system and adds thermal energy to the living area, which raises the temperature. The temperature differential between the incoming and outgoing water, as well as the flow rate, are monitored by the heat meter to quantify this energy transfer. The meter determines how much heat energy the apartment uses by summing these parameters.

Apartment heat meter installation is done according to a standard procedure, though specifics might change based on things like building layout and heating system design. The procedure usually entails integrating the heat meter with each apartment’s current plumbing system. This usually entails positioning the meter close to where the heating pipes enter the space and making sure the water supply and return lines are connected correctly. Furthermore, sensors are positioned to measure temperature differentials and flow rates precisely, giving the information required for accurate calculations of heat energy.

Apartment heat meters provide tenants and building managers with important information about how energy is used in the complex. Residents can optimize their heating habits and potentially save money and lessen their environmental impact by monitoring their individual consumption levels and making well-informed decisions. Furthermore, distributing heating costs fairly fosters a sense of justice and motivates all residents to practice responsible energy management. We’ll go into more detail about the operation and installation process of heat meters in the upcoming sections, offering helpful advice to building managers and residents alike.

Principle of operation	Installation scheme
Heat meters measure the amount of heat energy consumed by each apartment.	Installed in the main supply line to measure the heat usage accurately.

Procedure for legal installation

Heat meters can only be installed in accordance with a set of guidelines that must be followed in order for the installation to be approved by the management company.

As a result, the following actions need to be taken:

You must first contact the building management company in writing	Which can authorize the installation of the meter, and copies of the documents are attached to the application. They must confirm the ownership of the apartment, as well as the technical passport of the apartment
Then the company provides technical specifications	Which must be complied with when installing the meter
The next step implies that the project of individual heat metering is developed	And the technical documents for installation are being drawn up, this is the task of the organization that has officially received the authority to design
Documents made	Coordinated with the company that supplies heat

Purchasing an energy meter prior to project approval is not required, as the application may be turned down.

With all the paperwork in order, you can choose any heat meters that satisfy the requirements to be installed for the apartment’s heating.

It is mandatory to obtain from the vendor a copy of the certificate of appropriate quality level, operating instructions, warranty card, cash and sales receipts.

Make sure the company you choose to perform the installation has the necessary licenses for this kind of work. You can even compare companies based on certifications, USRYUL permits, and SRO permits.

Additionally, it is a good idea to confirm in advance the installers’ qualifications, considering their equipment list, scope of work, and availability of installation kits. If the management company has comments or rejects the results, you must provide assurances for the work.

If the management company has comments or rejects the results, you must provide a guarantee for the work.

Apart from the metre per se, it is imperative to guarantee the accessibility of supplementary apparatuses such as bypass, thermoregulators, filters on pipes and radiators, tees, and any other essential technical devices.

Additionally, it is required that the equipment be sealed and that the initial readings be recorded. To do this, contact a company representative, the heat supplier.

Video: working principle

The main types of heat meters

The cost of a heating meter is determined by its type and design features. In apartments, a variety of devices are typically used rather than just one. It is made up of the following components:

• Heat sensors.
• Electronic elements that count the amount of heat energy consumed.
• Instruments controlling flow and pressure.

Every object is chosen separately for the delivery set. To ensure that the meters function properly, experts must compute and evaluate the state of the heating system.

Based on their intended use, metering devices can be classified into two primary categories:

• House (installed in a private house or commercial building).
• Apartment meters (designed individually for one owner in an apartment building).

Systems in private homes are frequently complicated and have many branches, necessitating the use of a large number of sensors and extra devices. This establishes the cost of the apartment’s heating meter over an extended period of use.

The design features determine the operation principle. They are separated into multiple primary types:

• Electromagnetic.
• Mechanical.
• Ultrasonic.
• Vortex.

Their technical attributes and features make them appropriate for specific uses. Devices in homes or other objects complete the assigned tasks completely.

How best to install a heat meter

Installing an overhead device will be the easiest solution because it won’t require cutting pipes or hiring a specialized contractor. Fixing the heat meter on the radiator will suffice. The case with mechanical devices is different; in order to install them, you must disconnect the risers, empty the water, and disassemble a portion of the pipe. With ultrasonic devices, which are inserted straight into the pipeline, the situation is identical.

As previously mentioned, a permit and a ready project are required before this equipment is installed. Furthermore, the device must be installed by a licensed company, which will be identified in the work performed, in order to avoid issues with the supplier accepting it into use and paying for it. This company’s specialists complete the work in the following steps:

• make a connection project;
• agree the necessary documentation with the heat supplier;
• install a heat meter;
• register the device;
• the device is put into operation by handing it over to the supervisory organization.

If you choose to perform these tasks independently, make sure you thoroughly read the heat meter’s instructions first. There are guidelines for how the device should be installed and used, and these guidelines must be closely followed. It should be noted that mechanical and ultrasonic devices require a measuring area with specific dimensions. That is, a straight pipe without bends or turns should be installed both before and after the device.

A mechanical heat meter’s measuring section should be at least three pipe diameters ahead of the flow meter and one behind it. The measuring section of ultrasonic heat meters must be at least 5 diameters before and 3 after the device, depending on the manufacturer. These measurements are more stringent.

Let’s now discuss the possibility of installing a separate heat meter on the return pipeline. The majority of manufacturers produce meters that can be connected to any main line; the most important thing is to keep the temperature sensor locations separate. They are typically screwed into a tee or a unique faucet that has a separate pipe for this use.

It is actually frequently very difficult to legally install and commission an individual heat meter in the post-Soviet countries. Maybe the outcome of this device won’t justify the time and materials used to create it. Thus, it is advisable to speak with the heat energy supplier before submitting an application to the individual metering organization.

Metering devices are a great resource for people looking to cut costs. It is advised that anyone who does not want to cover the costs associated with heat transportation consider installing a heat meter. especially considering how easy the task is. Choosing which type of metering device to install—a community or an individual one—is the most important step; it is best to leave the other tasks to the experts.

Connection and verification of the metering device

Knowing the precise cost of the equipment and all related expenses is essential to determine whether installing a heat meter is profitable. The type of flow meter determines the equipment cost. The total price consists of:

• The appliance.
• Accessories to it.
• Installation costs.

The only entity allowed to install the meter is one that possesses all necessary permits. The company employee seals it once all installation tasks have been finished. Every four years, the device must also be verified. The service is paid for in advance. Consequently, installing a heat meter becomes much more expensive; however, over time, thecost is recovered by savings on the

In understanding apartment heat meters, it"s essential to grasp their basic principle and installation scheme. These meters work by measuring the amount of heat consumed in individual apartments within a building. They operate on the principle of heat transfer through a network of pipes connected to a central heating system. When installed, heat meters are typically placed at the entry point of each apartment, measuring the flow of hot water into the dwelling. This data helps accurately determine each tenant"s heat usage, facilitating fair billing based on actual consumption rather than estimates. Installation involves connecting the meter to the heating system"s piping, ensuring proper calibration for accurate readings. Understanding this setup ensures efficient and equitable distribution of heating costs among residents.

Which heating meter to choose

Let’s start by thinking about the most common types of meters available today.

Mechanical

They are categorized into three subtypes: screw, impeller, and turbine, and they are part of the simplest variety of these devices.

Heat meters that work mechanically.

They are among the goods that operate on a mechanical principle. The idea is that the coolant undergoes forward motion before becoming the counting mechanism’s rotational motion. This kind of device tracks the amount of hot water that has flowed through it while being connected to the home system. These devices were thought to be useless until recently because the water’s impurities had a big impact on them. However, the issues are now resolved by installing magnetic-mesh filters in front of such devices.

The inexpensive price is a benefit. However, keep in mind that installing a filter is necessary if you want to prevent rust from appearing. As a result, the overall cost of the heating system rises over time. It works out to be 15-20% less expensive than alternatives on average.

Ultrasonic

These kinds of devices are modified in numerous ways. When operating, ultrasonic devices account for the duration of the signal’s journey from the source to the recipient. Products like correlation, time, frequency, and Doppler exist.

Heat meters with ultrasonic technology.

They are all sure to function well if the water is clean. However, these meters display notable data deviations if the coolant contains impurities like sand, scale, or at the very least, air bubbles.

Electromagnetic

These products display the relevant data based on the electric current created when water passes through a magnetic field. As long as the heat carrier is free of contaminants, there is a high degree of metrological stability. If the wires and contacts oxidize, an error is also likely to occur.

Magnetic heat monitors.

They are fitted in both closed and open types of heating systems. They are rather expensive, but when used properly, they provide precise measurements of the amount of heat used in a given home or apartment. Their functionality is impressive as they can calculate the flow rates for temperature, heat, and water supply. All of this occurs automatically; no outside help is needed, and the data is sent to the monitor.

Vortex

The foundation for vortex meters’ operation is the laws of physics. When something gets in the way of a liquid or air flow that is moving, vortex processes take place behind it. This serves as the product’s foundation.

Heat meters with vortex flow.

This is this option’s convenience. Put it in place on horizontal and vertical surfaces. There is no need for straight lines to come before or after the device. Metallic impurities have no effect on the readings on the meter. However, the error of the readings increases if the coolant contains air.

Electromagnetic heating meter

Although it is one of the most accurate models of heat meter, this model is pricey. The electromagnetic meter works on the basis that a weak current is conducted by the heat carrier as it passes through the device—in this example, the electromagnetic field. This device needs to be cleaned and maintained on a regular basis.

Magnetic heat meters (Fig. 4)

Three main components make up the solenoid:

• Primary converter;
• Electronic unit, which can work both from batteries and from the network;
• Temperature sensors.

The electromagnetic heat meter in this instance can be positioned horizontally, vertically, or at an angle; however, this is only possible if coolant is continuously poured into the space where the meter is located.

Adapters can be used in cases where the pipe’s diameter and the device’s flange diameter are not the same.

Apartment meters

The channel diameter of these meters is small, never going above 20 mm. The measurement range is 0.6 to 2.5 m3/h, and the readings are extremely accurate. They can be put in place in homes or apartments with separate heating systems. A heat calculator and a hot water meter are included in every device, and they work well together.

The heating medium’s flow rate and the temperature differential between the heating pipes at the inlet and outlet are the two factors used in the measurement. The following is how this is carried out: After installing a heat calculator, two wires containing thermosensors are removed. The supply pipe has one sensor installed, and the return pipe has the other one. Consequently, the apparatus gathers the required data and, with the aid of unique computations, determines the precise quantity of heat consumed.

Classification of apartment heat meters

There are three different kinds of devices covered in this article, and each has unique characteristics, advantages, and disadvantages.

№1. Electromagnetic type models

These meters are made in the shape of compact hydrodynamic generators. One of the devices’ most notable features is its numerical accuracy; however, it also requires a high-quality installation and responds delicately to the proximity of other electronic devices.

№2. Mechanical models (also called impeller models)

The way such an apartment heat meter works is that it has a special turbine in the coolant that rotates in proportion to the working fluid’s flow rate. Additionally, the device has a remote signal transmission system that measures the current flow rate.

Among the benefits of these models, the following should be noted:

• affordable cost;
• ease of use;
• the fact that they are powered from an internal source of electricity (batteries).

However, there are drawbacks as well, which are worth mentioning:

• Sensitivity to hydraulic shocks;
• no remote reading of data;
• low wear resistance of the turbine (it has to be replaced frequently);
• inability to store daily information;
• increased pressure in the heating system.

№3. Ultrasonic devices

Their operation is based on the signal receiver and emitters working together, which are placed in opposition to one another. From the outside, it appears as follows: a hollow pipe segment with a liquid crystal display, two thermometers, sensors, and a heat calculator attached. In this instance, pressing a single button is sufficient to read the information. Among the indisputable benefits of ultrasonic devices, the following should be highlighted:

• informativeness;
• remote data acquisition;
• no increase in hydraulic pressure.

Additionally, there are a few drawbacks; let’s become acquainted with them:

• the need for UPS connection in case of unstable electricity supply;
• if the working fluid is turbid or inflated (air bubbles are present), the device may show incorrect data.

Kindly take note! You can save even more money if you install the regulator along with the board and valves. Thus, the heat regime can be adjusted by the regulator to a comfortable 22 degrees with good thermal insulation in the apartment and stable 26 degrees; the heat meter will count significantly lower values during these times.

It should be mentioned that, in the event that a meter is installed in the apartment, shut-off valves must be used to control the heat supply to the heating batteries. It is not permitted to turn off the faucet entirely, but even a single turn will make a noticeable difference in your utility bills. For instance, you pay 2,000 rubles for 30 square meters. Additionally, installing a heat meter will enable you to save at least $1,000. The area will determine the specific savings; if it is significant, the advantages will be more evident.

Classification of devices

Various kinds of flow meters are compatible with heat meters. There are four options available to select from, contingent upon the operating conditions.

Mechanical devices

They are some of the most basic meters. These can be wing, screw, or turbine meters. The device’s operation is based on the conversion of the heat transfer medium’s forward motion into the measuring element’s movement. most reasonably priced gear. Not to be used if hard water is selected as the heat transfer medium, or if the water contains scale, rust, or other particles. Installing specialized filters in front of the device is advised because they clog its mechanical components. Furthermore, abrupt changes in flow rate are poorly tolerated by mechanical devices.

The simplest measuring instruments are thought to be mechanical heat meters. Nevertheless, they clog and fail rather quickly because they are extremely sensitive to the quality of the heating medium.

Electromagnetic equipment

In order to function, electromagnetic meters for apartment heating rely on the appearance of electric current when a liquid moves through a magnetic field. The devices are successfully operated and have a fairly high metrological stability. When the devices are installed with subpar wiring and water contaminants present, their accuracy decreases.

Vortex meters

The apparatus assesses vortices generated behind obstructions in the coolant’s path. able to be mounted on pipelines that are horizontal or vertical. The quality of the welding job, the presence of air in the system, and water impurities all affect the devices. It is required to install a magnetic-mesh filter for them to function. Pipe deposits don’t affect how well they function. The pipeline segments in front and behind the flow meter must be straight for the devices to function.

Ultrasonic devices

Calculate how long it takes for the liquid to travel from the signal’s source to its destination. Doppler, frequency, time, and correlation devices are the different categories of devices. Either way, the apparatus functions perfectly, measuring in a clean, homogenous liquid free of scale or sediment particles. When there are air bubbles, scale, or scale in the heat carrier, readings become distorted. The most dependable and long-lasting choice.

The meter needs a certificate and passport, just like any other measuring equipment. Information regarding the initial verification, which is completed by the manufacturing plant, must unavoidably be included in the documents. A unique label or sticker with the same information should be applied to the meter body. The devices must additionally be regularly verified while they are in use. The meter’s model determines the timing. The event is held once every four years on average.

Compact ultrasonic models have a long service life, high accuracy, and are reliable enough to be installed in apartments.

How to put in the apartment

Many people are concerned about this, but it should be stated right away that doing the installation yourself is highly challenging; in order to do so, you will need to obtain specific certificates and documentation from various institutions. The meter installation and subsequent connection should typically be handled by businesses that possess all the required paperwork to carry out these tasks. Step-by-step, masters of these firms carry out this kind of work:

1. Make a project of installation.
2. Coordinate the documentation in the organization that provides heat supply.
3. Install the meter.
4. Logging devices.
5. Put the metering device into operation and hand it over to the supervisory service.

Metering devices are generally a great helper for any apartment owner; they can help you save money. Such a metering device should be purchased and installed by anyone who does not want to pay for heat losses during transportation through pipes or for cold batteries in the winter.

The only decision that needs to be made is whether the meter will be communal or individual; experts will handle all other tasks.

What documents are needed to install a meter

The average cost of registering, installing the meter, and gathering the necessary paperwork is between 6000 and 8000 rubles. And if you intend to prepare all the necessary paperwork on your own, go to the appropriate organizations and pick up the following documents. This process will take several months, so be patient.

First step. Visit the organization that has been assigned to your home and obtain the necessary authorization.

Step two. Proceed to the house that is providing the heat’s balance holder and obtain the necessary technical requirements.

Step three. Additionally, you will require a pre-made heat consumption unit design based on the device you have chosen (we will discuss the selection process in more detail at the end of the article). Coordination between the resulting computations and the normative indicators is also necessary.

Step #4. Here, you must complete the installation in line with each project figure.

Step Five. Next, reach a supplementary agreement with the heat supplier to the primary contract. The payment schedule based on the heat meter readings should be specified in the agreement.

Step six: Draft an act of handing over the installation of the device and register the meter itself at the end, working with a representative of the heat supplier company.

There doesn’t seem to be anything difficult in this documentation list. However, keep in mind that there are challenges, which are supplementary materials for every phase. Furthermore, there may be a fifteen-day waiting period for authorization documents.

Be mindful! Check the apartment’s heating system. Similar to individual heating, the installation question is theoretically eliminated if it is one or two pipes.

It is essential to start only with the horizontal system, as we have already stated.

Another crucial factor is where your apartment is located. There’s no need to worry if corner apartments on the ground or first floor meet the required comfort level of 8 to 22 degrees; the owners won’t notice any difference in terms of cost savings at all.

The market price is typically between 5,000 and 10,000 rubles. Although more expensive, more advanced UV models are generally more practical in most situations. The vertical type of circuits imply that each section is connected to a distinct riser, or pair of pipes, with one tube appearing from above and the other from below. When discussing a horizontal heating system, the pipes emerge from the floor and travel to the same location.

The installation of a community heating metre

We recommend that you review our instructions on how to install a community heat meter and what regulations to follow.

This is frequently used in modern homes, despite costing roughly one-fifth as much as the previous version. The water supply pipeline is covered by the wiring types, incidentally. Let’s now discuss the factors you should take into account when selecting an apartment heat meter.

The principle of operation of the meter on the radiator

Let’s take a closer look at the operation of the heating meter and the variables that may impact it.

Install a heat meter to measure the water’s temperature and find out how much coolant is in the radiator.

The unit is mounted on a horizontal pipe if the house is installed horizontally. One device per apartment is sufficient in this instance. However, if you have vertical piping, each battery will require its own meter to be installed.

It should be mentioned that the apartment’s heating meter is very accurate. However, a lot of things can have a big impact on the gadget and lead to mistakes. As an illustration:

1. Circulation of the coolant is disturbed, low flow rate is observed.
2. There is a thermal difference of less than +30 degrees Celsius.
3. The installation of the meter is performed illiterately. For example, the temperature sensors are incorrectly installed.
4. The quality of the pipeline, water is poor. For example, the water is too hard and has various impurities such as sand, rust.

What are the types of meters for heating?

The type of heating meter that is installed will determine whether it is communal or individual. When choosing the common variant, the multi-story building’s entire metering device is purchased. The cost of each apartment will be manageable for the owner even though the meter is pricey. All tenants will ultimately split the total cost. Even though buying a heat metering unit is affordable, some apartments might not have good insulation, so the savings might not be significant. Everyone will pay extra as a result.

For this reason, a lot of people would rather have a separate meter installed on the heating radiator. to cover the cost of the heat that the apartment actually receives. Nonetheless, not every room is a good fit for such a gadget. For instance, it can be difficult to install a meter in an older home with vertical wiring. Ultimately, the apparatus is mounted atop the riser. There are multiple of them in these kinds of homes. It is very expensive to install a meter on every riser. Distributors are used in this instance.

Additionally, based on how they work, all of the apartment’s heating meters can be divided into:

• Ultrasonic. Most commonly used. They are considered to be the most accurate, durable and reliable. The error can be caused by the ingress of particles of debris on the signal receiver, the formation of air bubbles.
• Mechanical. Suitable for use in contaminated or salt-laden circulating fluids.
• Electromagnetic. Quite accurate. Distinguished by stable operation.
• Vortex. The principle of operation is that the data on the strength of the formed vortices after the passage of the circulating liquid are compared.

Peculiarities of installing a heating meter

It should be mentioned that installing heating meters in the apartment on its own is not permitted. This could be the cause of the registration denial; additionally, the personal account will not be issued again.

It’s also critical to keep in mind that the unit needs to be inspected once every four years.

To install the device, a number of actions must be carried out:

1. obtain authorization;
2. Study the technical conditions;
3. create a project, it must be coordinated with the heat supply company;
4. to install the unit.

How much it will cost to install a heating meter?

The ideal investment choice for those who wish to manage their finances is a heat meter. Of course, the device’s cost is not negligible. But the meter is not that costly if we consider that the purchase is paid off fairly quickly. The cost of the heating meter for the entire house is less than that of the separate unit installed in each apartment.

Device prices vary depending on the manufacturer and type. It is important to keep in mind that installing the device will cost money in addition to the device itself. Installation should, after all, only be done by experts. It should be mentioned that the cost of heating meters includes the following extras in addition to the equipment itself: filters, regulating valves, and shut-off valves. The price ranges from 9000 rubles on average. The total can increase to 20,000 rubles if installation fees are included.

Purchasing meters in bulk has significant financial benefits, as the cost of the heating meter will be somewhat reduced. This could happen, for instance, if other renters intend to install this unit in the entry hall for their apartments.

Varieties of devices

It does not hurt to be aware of the various types of heat meters available if installing them is desired. However, it should be made clear that practically every device is made up of multiple parts:

• sensors;
• In order to maximize savings, it is necessary to eliminate any possible sources of heat loss as much as possible: insulate the room, install airtight window frames, etc;
• devices that calculate the amount of heat produced.

Each unique set’s composition is decided upon and authorized separately.

If not, meters are separated into the following categories:

• Electromagnetic.
• Mechanical (tachometer).
• Ultrasonic.
• Vortex.

Additionally, meters can be used for apartment and house (industrial) meters, depending on the field of application. To grasp the working principle, let’s examine them in more detail.

Is it profitable to install a meter in an apartment?

It is profitable to install a meter for the apartment’s heating. Only the heat produced by the heating batteries is purchased by the homeowner; any losses incurred during transit are not covered. Eliminate potential heat loss sources as much as you can (install airtight window frames, insulate the space, etc.) to optimize your savings.

It will ensure payment savings and reimburse the expenditure if:

• get permission for installation and technical conditions from the organization that supplies heat;
• notify the responsible person, who is elected by the general assembly;
• 1 metering unit can be installed for the entire apartment;
• Agree the project documents with the heat supplier;
• hand over the installed instrument to the same person, after that the instrument must be sealed.

Adhering to every single one of the aforementioned points—that is, installing a heat meter in the apartment and allocating funds for the heat supply based on its readings—is actually pretty challenging. A new building with separate heat inlets for each apartment might be the most successful option. Then, different legislative acts may present different challenges. For instance, a decree in the Russian Federation stipulates that individual heat meter readings are subject to accounting in the following circumstances:

• Heat meters must be installed in all apartments;
• a communal heat meter must be installed at the central heating input to the building.

The majority of high-rise structures constructed during the Soviet era have single-pipe heating systems with vertical risers installed. Just consider how many devices will need to be installed on each riser connection. It is also unlikely that you will be given permission, and the denial will have good reason. The individual meter will not account for the heat released by the riser pipes.

Even with the installation of a separate heat meter, you will still be responsible for paying for the heating of any stairwells and other technical rooms in the house that have heating radiators. This is a methodical approach to arranging all of your activities with the management of the condominium. While the actual installation process is not too complicated, the majority of the time should be devoted to registering the various permits and approvals.

The heat meter can be installed by you, but there might be issues when the management company comes to commission it. Therefore, you can contact a contracting organization, which will assist you in resolving the paperwork issue in exchange for a fee.

ultrasonic apartment heat meters in the online store in Moscow

The apartment heat meter is a compact heat energy metering device that has temperature sensors, a flow meter, and a calculator built in. The key benefits of contemporary heat meters for apartments are their ease of installation and use, affordability, accuracy of measurements, and readability of data. The company "aquahit" provides a wide selection of heating meters; the cost of the meters is directly correlated with the caliber of the best domestic and international brands.

The reasons why purchasing a heat meter for an apartment is profitable

By regulating heat consumption and only paying for the actual heat energy received, purchasing a heat meter can lower utility costs. By lowering the water flow into the heating system or lowering its temperature with the aid of a thermoregulator, you can calculate how much the heat consumption has decreased and save significantly (5–50%) when paying for heating. A heat meter allows you to take into account the change in temperature regime and the current flow of coolant.

Apartment heat meters are made to measure, regulate, and show real-time and historical data, such as the coolant’s temperature and flow rate as well as the quantity of heat energy used. Heat meters (protection type IP54) are intended for nominal pressures of 16 bar, coolant temperatures of 5 to 150 °C, and ambient temperatures of 5 to 55 °C. Certain heat meter modifications come with a self-diagnostic feature and an interface for reading information remotely.

• a pair of temperature sensors measuring the temperature of the working medium in the supply and return pipelines.
• a flow meter (flow converter), which controls the volume of incoming heat transfer fluid.
• an electronic calculator that calculates the amount of released heat – a value proportional to the temperature difference between the coolant in the supply and return pipelines.
• autonomous energy source – lithium battery (service life from 5 years).

We are able to purchase apartment heat meters; the cost of the appliance is determined by its design, working principle, and features.

The primary characteristic of the mechanical heat meter is its flow unit, which has a multi-jet impeller whose speed is used by the calculator to determine how much water has gone through the heating system. The cost of the appliance is the primary benefit of utilizing a mechanical heat meter in an apartment. The existence of moving parts, sensitivity to abrasive suspended solids in the water, high hydraulic resistance, and a limited dynamic range of adjustment are among the drawbacks of meters with this design.

You can select a low-cost mechanical heat meter for your apartment from our catalog; the cost of these metering devices ranges from 6,000 to 18,000 rubles, depending on their features and design. We are offering to purchase mechanical heat meters from the following manufacturers: apator powogaz (Poland), bmeters (Italy), ista and danfoss (Germany), karat, pulsar, and sayany (Russia).

The ultrasonic heat meter’s flow meter is designed to resemble a smooth measuring channel and is outfitted with an ultrasonic signal transmitter and receiver. The calculator fixes the pulse passage time to ascertain the working medium’s velocity and flow rate in the heating system. Ultrasonic meters are characterized by their low moving parts count, dependability, resistance to contaminated media, and high measurement accuracy at low flow rates. These attributes make them ideal for apartment heat metering.

We provide a wide selection of ultrasonic heat meter models for heating; the devices range in price from 18,000 to 37,000 rubles. A heat meter for an apartment from Danfoss or Landis&Gyr (Germany) is available here. It is an ultrasonic device with a nominal coolant flow rate of 0.6–2.5 m³/h.

Heat meters are sold, delivered, and installed by Aquahit, an online store that also provides a wide range of related services. Our clients can purchase advanced plumbing equipment from us.

Heat meter pulsarheat meter from Danfoss for apartment

• buy apartment heat meters in the online store
• wide range of equipment
• 289 types of apartment heat meters at prices from 39681.95 rub.
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Counter installation

Each apartment and house have a different installation of heat meters for heating.

Firstly, it should be mentioned that, even though you can install it yourself, it is preferable to have professionals handle the entire project. The algorithm on its own looks like this:

1. Draw up an installation plan and coordinate it with the utility company;
2. Realization of all works;
3. Registering the device in the public utilities and putting it into operation.

Documents specifying when the device should be checked are attached to every metre. This usually happens once every four years. You ought to get in touch with a specialized business that will test the heat meter as soon as the time comes. These could be businesses, Rostest, or manufacturing firms. With the assistance of their staff, the latter are frequently checked themselves.

If every renter in the home chooses to perform heat accounting, they buy the necessary equipment and employ professionals to install the heating meter. At a general meeting of the households, all matters pertaining to the price must be decided beforehand.

When installing a device in an apartment, the customer registers the device and completes the registration process themselves. This approach is advantageous as well since it can serve as insurance against building heat meter malfunctions.

The apartments’ wiring systems are important to consider when installing. This may have an impact on the cost and method of heat meter installation in the apartment. It is typical for older buildings to have vertical installations, meaning that each apartment has multiple risers. In each of them, installing a heat meter would be economically unfeasible. Distributors that monitor the temperature in the space and at the radiator can be installed here to analyze the heating efficiency.

Thankfully, horizontal piping systems are standard on new apartments, so installing one heat meter is sufficient. The ideal place for it is inside the pipe that the heating medium passes through.

Varieties of meters

These devices are compatible with various types of flow meters. There are four metering device variants available at once, and you must select based on this criterion while keeping in mind the equipment’s operating circumstances.

Mechanical models

Among the simpler versions is this one. Wing, turbine, and screw meters are available. The way such a device functions is by translating the heat transfer medium’s forward motion into the measuring part’s motion. The primary benefit of this type of meter is its affordability; it’s the most economical choice.

When discussing the drawbacks, it is important to note that these devices cannot be utilized if a hard liquid is used in the heat carrier role. Water contaminated with rust particles is also inappropriate. It is a fact that external components will clog the meter’s mechanical parts. Installing specialized filtration systems can solve the issue in such a scenario. It should be remembered that mechanical metering devices are not very good at withstanding abrupt changes in flow rate.

Electromagnetic meters

These devices use the appearance of current, which happens when water is in a magnetic field, as a working principle. Metrological stability is the primary feature of electromagnetic meters, which are widely used. However, errors may still happen in this case, much like in mechanical devices, if the heating medium is of low quality and the wires are connected incorrectly when they were installed.

Vortex meters

The apparatuses stabilize vortices that emerge behind obstructions placed in the water’s flow path. The vortex device has the benefit of being able to be installed on pipelines that are both vertical and horizontal.

These meters are extremely sensitive to the presence of air in the heating system; the quality of the welding and the existence of liquid impurities are also significant factors. The metering device cannot be used without the installation of a specific magnetic-mesh filter.

The device’s functionality will not be hampered by any type of deposit in the pipeline. However, having straight pipe sections before and after the meter is imperative.

Ultrasonic variants

This kind of meter works on the basis of measuring the amount of time that water travels from the source to the signal receiver. Doppler, frequency, time, and correlation ones are among them. All of the models function perfectly, measuring in uniformly pure water free of extraneous materials like sludge or scale. Inaccurate measurement outcomes could arise from the formation of air bubbles in the heat transfer medium. This particular version of the meter is known for being the most durable and dependable.

Heat meters require documentation in the form of a passport and a certificate, just like other measuring instruments. They include details about the initial examination, which is done by the device’s manufacturer. Additionally, these data ought to be visible on the meter’s surface; stickers are used specifically for this purpose. The device must also be routinely checked while it is in use. The frequency of checks depends on the particular model of the meter and the operating environment; typically, a checkup is required every three to four years.

Options for installing meters

Installing metering devices has clear advantages. The only cost to the homeowner will be for the heat that is actually received; losses incurred during transportation are not covered. To optimize energy savings, eliminate all potential heat loss points within the house, such as installing airtight window frames and insulating the corresponding areas. There are two methods for meter installation.

Method #1 – community meter

Residents of multi-storey buildings can solve the problem of heat metering by installing a communal metering device. These, by the way, are the most inexpensive option. After all, the price of a heat meter, which is not cheap, and its installation will be "scattered" on the owners of several apartments. The amount received as a result will be quite acceptable. Readings are taken once a month. Payments are allocated to each apartment according to its area. At the same time, if the service provider does not fulfill his part of the contract in good faith and does not provide the agreed temperature in the house, he will be obliged to return the money paid to the residents.

The first step must be to call a general meeting of apartment owners. It is essential to go over all the details of the impending installation at this meeting, including who will take readings from the meters and provide receipts that need to be paid for. The meeting’s decision must be documented in the minutes before you can submit a formal request to the management company to connect the device.

The communal meter is the least expensive method of heat metering. However, the economic impact from it might not be anticipated for a variety of reasons.

Method #2 – individual meters

A communal device’s primary benefit is its affordability. Its use, however, might have a far smaller economic impact than anticipated. And there are a lot of causes behind this. For instance, neighbors’ apartments or inadequately insulated entrances can cause excessive heat loss. As a result, a lot of people go with individual heating meters that are mounted inside of apartments. This is a more costly, but highly efficient, solution.

Every radiator in the apartment has a distributor fitted. They take monthly readings of the radiators’ temperatures, monitoring even the smallest variations. The cost of heating is determined using this data.

Be aware of certain technical restrictions before arranging to install a personal metering device. Mounted on the riser that leads to the apartment are heat flow meters. Heating pipes are most frequently distributed vertically in older apartment buildings. This implies that there might be multiple risers in the apartment, and installing a device on each of them would be highly unfavorable. Installing specialized meters on the heating batteries could be the answer to the issue, but this kind of equipment is not commonly used in our nation, despite its widespread use in European nations.

Producers of metering equipment provide to install so-called distributors—which gauge coolant flow by measuring the temperature differential between the battery’s surface and the surrounding air—into homes with vertical distribution. The installation of a community meter is an additional fix for the issue. The installation of any heating meters in an apartment that has horizontal distribution is not difficult at all. Devices in compact models are installed on the return pipe or, in certain situations, the pipe supplying the heat carrier to the room.

Self-installation

The process of installing heat meters in an apartment building involves multiple sequential steps. To clear any obstructions, the pipelines must first be thoroughly flushed. The installation of the device’s flow component cannot begin until after that. The apparatus is fixed onto a section of pipe that is either vertical or horizontal. Adapters must be used if the pipe’s diameter is larger than the device channel’s diameter.

The placement of the inlet device should align the fluid flow direction with the arrow’s direction. To prevent leaks, connections need to be strong enough to withstand 1.6 MPa of pressure. For this purpose, only brand-new gaskets and seals should be used.

Make sure the heating system is devoid of water or pressure before installing the measuring unit, and close the shut-off valves. Ball valve installation should be completed both before and after the meter.

This device component, which is located in the flowing section, needs to be handled carefully.

Installing the two heat converters is the last step. Using heat-conductive paste, one of them is installed in the measuring cartridge and the other in the sleeve. Sealing the unit and providing an acceptance certificate completes the installation of heat meters for heating.

You can now pay for heat based on the installed metering device’s readings. In order to avoid all kinds of unpleasant nuances, it is wiser to leave the installation to trained professionals, it is worth mentioning.

When it is possible and advisable to install a heating meter

It should be noted that a meter of this kind cannot, by itself, save heat, so it is not a cure-all for excessive heating expenses. Its job is to accurately document the resources used to keep your apartment at a comfortable temperature during the heating season. Thus, before making the decision to purchase a heat meter, attempt to determine how much the cost of heating can be roughly reduced with its presence and how long the device’s installation and purchase costs will cover. Subsequently, contrast the acquired data with the device’s typical lifespan of 6 to 8 years.

Heat cannot be saved by a heating meter on its own.

Crucial! Remember to verify; on a regular basis, qualified experts should assess the heating meter’s condition. But you will be responsible for paying for this action.

In addition to the economic aspect, technical factors also influence the feasibility of installing a heat meter. First of all, it is necessary to find out, according to what scheme the heating system in your house is organized. If it was built a long time ago, then, most likely, it uses a vertical distribution of the heating riser – supply and return pipes go from bottom to top through the whole house, from them branches are located radiators. In this case, you will need to install several heat meters – for each individual radiator. Considering the cost and service life, there may be no savings in the end. In addition, the accuracy of heat meters installed on a separate radiator sometimes leaves much to be desired – too small changes in temperature are poorly detected by temperature sensors.

Diagrammatic schematic of vertically distributed heating systems. In this instance, individual metering device arrangement is greatly complicated by the fact that heating radiators in apartments are frequently supplied by separate risers.

Every radiator has a single, basic, and reasonably priced individual heat meter installed. However, their computation accuracy frequently leaves a lot to be desired.

Second, you need to be aware of the existence of any community heat meters as well as their current state. Individual meters are not strictly necessary if the device is relatively new and operates without any unusual issues. In situations where there is no standard method of metering, the heat carrier companies use increasing coefficients to determine the cost of heating services. Installing a heating meter in your apartment can help you save a lot of money on utilities.

Domestic heat meter

Thirdly, determine if you are prepared to compute the amount of heat each month and send the results to the management company or HOA representatives. Keep in mind that these precautions should be taken very carefully because the wrong amount could negate all of the savings.

Fourth, be prepared to spend money not only on the drafting of the installation of the heating meter and the device itself, but also on installation and sealing of water meters . Of course, it is possible to install the meter yourself, but there are a number of problems here. First – it is simply dangerous to tamper with home heating networks without special training and skills. Second – if mistakes are made when installing the meter with your own hands, then the accuracy of metering of energy consumption may suffer. As a result – there will be no savings benefits. Third – there may be difficulties with the acceptance of the device – representatives of the HOA or management company may refuse to register and seal the meter, installed not by specialists with a license, but by the owner of the apartment. Of course, such a refusal can be challenged, but it will require additional (and quite a lot of money)!) costs of effort, time and money.

Recall that the meters must be checked every four years. Should a malfunction be found, the meter needs to be taken apart and sealed.

Pros and cons of a heat meter in the apartment

Installing a single heat meter in the apartment will allow you to save on heating within reason, but don’t expect "super" savings—it will only reflect the current flow rate. When the unit is properly designed and the temperature controller regulates the temperature regime, the meter allows for monitoring of consumption. At the end of the month, you will be able to track the positive dynamics of savings if you leave the house because you can lower the degrees.

Learn more about radiator heating thermoregulators.

Up to 6% of heat energy can be saved with just a 1 degree decrease.

As previously stated, the following list of documents is required in order to install such a device in your apartment:

• authorization from the institution on whose balance sheet the house is located;
• technical requirements from the balance holder of the building supplying heat energy;
• calculated design of the heat consumption node, based on the parameters of the device. The finished calculations should also be checked against the normative values;
• then the installation is carried out according to the data of the finished project;
• then it is necessary to conclude an agreement to the main contract with the heat suppliers. It will record the amount of payment, which is based on the values of the individual meter;
• Finally, the act of commissioning the installation of the unit is executed with a representative of the organization that supplies heat, and the device is registered.

Technical characteristics of the heat meter

Apartments with horizontal piping pipes are designed to use the apartment heat meter. The basic method of operation involves taking temperature readings at the system’s inlet and outlet and using the heat transfer medium to calculate the amount of heat that is actually used.

Multiple methods of recording consumption indicators and processing the resulting data are prerequisites for metering.

The meter values are kept in the device memory for up to ten years in modern models, which have computer access.

A heat meter is composed of:

• the calculator;
• 3 sensors: 2 temperature sensors and 1 flow meter.

Both an external and an independent power source are available for meters:

• the first type is characterized by a short length of wires and short-lived batteries (from 6 years);
• the second model requires a 24 V power supply, which predetermines the installation of an energy transformer.

There are three different kinds of flow sensors, which identify the heat meter model.

Electromagnetic flow meters

The apparatus resembles a small hydrodynamic generator. Numerical accuracy is its defining feature, but it reacts to nearby electrical appliances and needs to be installed properly. The primary drawback is the accumulation of salts on the electrodes, which compromises the accuracy of the flow rate measurement.

Ultrasonic models

The idea behind the work is that the signal’s emitters and receivers are positioned in opposition to one another. A hollow section of pipe with sensors attached, two thermometers, and an LCD-equipped heat meter serve as indicators for the exterior. To read the information, just press a button.

• the device is informative;
• does not create hydraulic pressure;
• possibility of remote reading.

• ultrasonic models, in case of water congestion (bubbles) or in a turbid environment can display incorrect readings;
• in case of unstable power supply requires connection via UPS.

Wing (mechanical) meters

The basic mechanism of operation can be summed up as follows: a turbine is inserted into the liquid and rotates in response to the flow velocity. A remote signal device that measures the current flow rate is built into the appliance.

• affordable price;
• Power from an internal source – batteries;
• easy operation.

• Sensitive to water hammer;
• The turbine, like any mechanism, wears out;
• creates pressure in the system;
• the model is not capable of storing daily information;
• impossibility of remote reading of indicators.

Installing the regulator with its valves and board in place will contribute to even greater cost savings. In an apartment with well-insulated walls and a constant temperature of 26 °C, the regulator can set the heat to a comfortable 22 °C, and the hectocalorie count will be significantly lower.

The device’s presence in the apartment suggests that the heat supply to the radiators is controlled and regulated thanks to the shut-off valves on the device. There’s a noticeable difference in payment even with just one tap screwed (you can’t turn everything off!).

For instance, 35 kV. м. Ownership is paid in rubles up to 2000. You will save at least $1,000 after the meter is installed. Savings are determined by the square meter, so the benefit will be clear if your meter is large.

Installation of heat meters in the apartment

Installing the heat meter in the apartment on your own is not permitted. To complete such work, a comprehensive package of permits and paperwork is needed. It is therefore preferable to give the task to experts.

This is how the actions are ordered:

1. Initially it is necessary to draw up an installation plan and coordinate it with the utility company.
2. The metering device is then installed.
3. It must then be registered.
4. At the final stage it remains to hand over the device under the supervision of the management company and put it into operation.

Every meter comes with paperwork that lists the intervals between device checks. The inspection is typically conducted four times a year. It is required to get in touch with a company that will test the meter after the allotted time has passed.

Commercial businesses, Rostest, and manufacturing companies are examples. If every renter in the home chooses to inspect the heat meter and heat accounting, they all work together to hire experts to install the equipment. The cost issues are decided upon beforehand at the household’s general meeting.

When installing a standalone heat meter in an apartment, the customer is responsible for handling all registration-related tasks and device registration. Consequently, you will be shielded from common device malfunctions if you own your own heat meter.

The wiring system needs to be taken into consideration when installing the meter. This indicator has the potential to have a big impact on the cost and method of installation.

Older buildings typically have a vertical distribution, meaning each apartment has multiple risers. From an economic perspective, installing a heat meter in each of them is not profitable. Installing distributors who are in charge of adjusting the room’s temperature and the radiator’s temperature by assessing the heating efficiency is preferable.

One heat meter will suffice because horizontal piping systems are becoming more and more prevalent in contemporary apartments. It is best to place it inside the pipe that the heat carrier travels through.

The principle of operation of heat meters

It should be immediately noted that this device can only be installed in apartments with vertical plumbing. The basic method of operation involves taking a temperature reading at the mains’ inlet and outlet and using the coolant to calculate the amount of heat energy that is used. The actual accounting is predicated on several methods for determining flow rates and handling the gathered data afterwards.

The flow rates are kept in the meter’s memory for ten (!) years, and the majority of the current models have an input for a personal computer. The components of the device itself are as follows:

• calculator;
• flow meter;
• two temperature sensors.

Furthermore, calculator power supplies can be external or autonomous; let’s examine each in more detail.

• Models of autonomous type need a 24 watt power supply, which requires the installation of an energy transformer.
• Calculators of the second type are characterized by rather short wires, as well as the fact that the service life of batteries is insignificant (about six years).

Video – Encont heat meters

What parameters should be used to choose a meter for heating

The parameters of the heating system and the coolant itself (water) should be considered if you have made the firm decision to handle heat accounting yourself but have not yet determined how to select the appropriate heat meter. The following information is important for you to know:

1. Whether heating is supplied to the basement, whether there is lighting and ventilation there. Most often, the thermal unit is placed in the basement;
2. In what place heating pipes go to the basement. The rules indicate that the location of the thermal unit should be near the gate valves;
3. How much water is there;
4. Check the pressure level of the coolant (most often this is indicated in the heat unit);
5. Find out to what temperature the heat carrier heats up and how to regulate it;
6. The number of pipes entering the house and how many of them are used in the heating system;
7. What material was used to insulate the pipes (if any);
8. The number of apartments in the house and the total number of tenants;
9. Whether hot water circulation is involved.

You can go straight to the meter selection if you have been able to gather all of this information. However, as you are aware, gathering this much data requires a significant investment of time and energy (at least a few weeks), so it is best to leave this task to the designers.

What the user gets from the installation of a heat meter

Every year, the price of heating goes up. Some attempt to address this issue by adopting a more frugal approach to heating: they install new windows and insulate their houses. Contemporary double-glazed windows can save roughly 30% of the heat and are energy-efficient.

A homeowner frequently has to make large financial payments during the heating season. Simultaneously, the room is not always adequately heated by the batteries. Ultimately, one pays for what they do not receive. Heating meters are a great way to save costs in this situation. You may reduce the total cost of heating services by roughly 40% by installing a meter in the apartment. Within three to six months of the heating season, the cost of the meter’s installation is recovered.

At times, inadequate heating can be attributed to the carelessness of service staff, as the operator may not want to incur losses in order to meet the coolant specifications. In the event of a legal dispute with the utilities, the presence of a heating meter in the apartment can serve as strong evidence.

Comprehending the fundamental concepts of apartment heat meters is imperative for homeowners who aim to effectively oversee their energy usage and costs. These gadgets measure the quantity of heat energy used by each apartment in a building, giving precise information for billing. Installing heat meters allows homeowners to better understand how much they use for heating and helps them make decisions that maximize energy efficiency.

Apartment heat meter installation usually entails a number of essential elements. In order to determine the heat consumption, sensors are first installed on the heating system’s supply and return pipes to measure the temperature difference. These sensors are linked to a central unit that gathers and processes the data; this unit is frequently found in a shared area of the building. Subsequently, the data is routed to an accounting platform, facilitating precise billing dependant on personal energy consumption.

The capacity of apartment heat meters to encourage cost- and energy-saving measures is one of its main advantages. These devices encourage more thoughtful energy use and discourage wasteful habits by giving residents detailed insights into their heating consumption. Heat meters also make it easier to bill fairly and openly, guaranteeing that homeowners only pay for the energy they use and don’t subsidize others’ consumption.

Furthermore, by lowering overall energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions, the installation of apartment heat meters can support more general environmental goals. These gadgets contribute to sustainability and climate change mitigation by offering incentives for individual energy efficiency. Additionally, they are in favor of the shift to more environmentally friendly heating options, like district heating systems and renewable energy sources.

To sum up, apartment heat meters provide a useful and efficient way to control heating expenses, encourage energy conservation, and support environmental sustainability. Through precise measurement of heat consumption and clear billing, these devices enable residents to take charge of their energy use and help create a more environmentally friendly future.

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The principle of operation of the heat meter.