Individual heating in an apartment building

Personal heating in an apartment building causes a big change in how we think about warmth and coziness in communal areas. Individual heating provides residents with greater control and customization over their living spaces compared to centralized heating systems, which heat the entire building from a single source. The idea has gained popularity recently because it has the potential to save money, increase occupant comfort, and be more energy-efficient.

Fundamentally, individual heating refers to the fact that every apartment in a building has a separate heating system from the units next to it. With this configuration, residents can change the heating to suit their own requirements and tastes without affecting other people. Individual heating provides a degree of flexibility that centralized systems frequently do not, whether it is regulating the temperature for personal comfort or limiting heating expenses by only heating occupied rooms.

The potential for energy efficiency offered by individual heating is one of its main advantages. Residents can prevent wasting energy on unused rooms or areas by heating only those spaces. Furthermore, programmable thermostats and zone control are two other common modern additions to standalone heating systems, which further optimize energy use and lower overall consumption.

An additional persuasive feature of individual heating is cost savings. Regardless of their own usage habits, residents of centralized systems usually split the cost of heating the entire building. Individual heating, however, gives residents more control over their heating costs. Residents may be able to reduce their energy costs by limiting the amount of space they heat and putting energy-saving measures in place, like adequate insulation and routine maintenance.

Obtaining permission depending on the type of energy

A government decree No. 307, which was released in 2012, addressed the legal process for connecting equipment to provide apartment buildings with heat. The requirements for devices and the prohibitions on equipment installations that do not meet the technical requirements are established by legal order.

Gas boilers, for instance, have to adhere to the following standards:

• The combustion chamber is sealed;
• Fuel supply is automatically turned off;
• The carrier temperature does not exceed 90 degrees, with pressure up to 1 MPa.

One may request permission to disconnect from the main heat supply for either a single- or double-circuit boiler when submitting an application. Hot water and heating are provided to permits. The boiler floor or wall design is chosen by the owner.

The apartment’s owner is required to furnish a room that satisfies the following requirements:

• The room should not be resident;
• 4 sq.m. – square;
• 8 m – width of the front door;
• The window opening extending to the street is cut off;
• equipped with a chimney;
• A ventilation structure has been installed.

Not as stringent installation specifications for electric heating. Install the devices wherever it is most convenient for you. There is no need for separate ventilation for this equipment to remove combustion products, and power outlets are located in every room. Approve the energy supervision layout. Organizational staff will compute additional sources and indicate the desired power’s power line.

Local energy and heating companies will supply a list of the necessary paperwork to connect the boiler. Local specifications for installation and equipment have been set by each district. In the event of an emergency, they are the direct defendants before the law and the executive branch.

One possible application for electric heating is:

• units in which the usual wiring of pipes, where the coolant circulates;
• direct heating devices, electrical systems, convectors, heaters.

Radiator pipe wiring is left undisturbed when coolant is used. Instead of heating the highways, the coolant is heated by means of electric boilers that are connected to them. These devices are part of an automated heating system.

When heated, cornflakes made of water or antifreeze pass through:

• boiler;
• heating circuit;
• radiators;
• Curlings of fluid;
• Return and repetition of the cycle.

In the video below, we discuss whether it is lawful to cut off from centralized heating services and install autonomous (individual) heating in apartment buildings:

26-year-old Julia Yuryevna

Individual heating of the apartment what is it, why and why

People most frequently choose not to use the entire heating system because:

• They are not satisfied with the quality of heating – lack of heat, discomfort in the cold season
• They want to regulate the level and deadlines for supplying heating to the apartment themselves
• They want to reduce payments for heating

All apartments in many new buildings come with individual heating systems by default. However, residents of the old fund need not worry—it is still feasible to convert the apartment to individual heating. You will need to remove the old radiators and pipes, install the new ones, and connect them to a heater boiler in order to accomplish this. By heating the water and forcing it through all of the pipes, the latter will heat the apartment. This boiler can also be connected to a hot water supply.

After installing his own heating system, the apartment’s owner will be free of a great deal of issues: he won’t have to deal with horrible, unforeseen power outages or freezing temperatures in the spring when the sun is already baking but utilities are not in a rush. Cut off the heat source. There are numerous benefits overall, but there will also be numerous drawbacks. There are numerous technical and documentation-related problems that must be resolved before you can purchase your own heating system. First, we’ll work through the technical aspects.

Gas or electricity

The decision of whether to heat something with gas or electricity must be made when designing your own heating system. As the boiler heats the apartment through a liquid that circulates through the pipes regardless, reservations must be made immediately for the boiler system itself. The boiler can run on both gas and electricity.

Gas boilers are without a doubt the most widely used. The following are their indisputable advantages:

• Finance savings: Gas is the cheapest type of fuel
• can be wall and floor – both are quite compact
• Independence from electricity – in the case of disconnecting the apartment will not be left without heat and hot water
• Great efficiency – one boiler perfectly heats up even the most area a large apartment

Apartment buildings switching to individual heating

The selection and installation of a gas boiler require careful consideration; gas is not a toy, and mishaps can have very tragic results.

It is therefore best to get in touch with experts who can install all of the equipment correctly and safely.

Certain apartment buildings are devoid of any gas eyeliner whatsoever.

The only boiler that can be installed in these apartments is electric, which has the following benefits:

• Available price of the boiler itself
• High safety
• Ease of maintenance
• environmental friendliness, lack of any extraneous smells and noise

However, installing a boiler of this kind will inevitably result in a multiplication of the electricity charge. The apartment should also have strong, contemporary wiring that can tolerate a relatively high voltage. Owners of such a heating system bear the risk of losing heat and light in the event of an electrical outage.

Two contours or one

Boilers are classified as either single- or double-circuit based on how hot water is heated. Single-circuit boilers are not meant to supply hot water; their sole purpose is to heat the apartment. It’s true that you can attach a remote boiler to them so that the kitchen and bathroom water is heated.

The apartment’s heating and the water’s heating are done concurrently by a double-circuit boiler. This is because of a unique heat exchanger that is integrated into the system; it heats the water. Furthermore, one or two heat exchangers can be built into modern devices. In the first scenario, the heating supply is cut off when the cold water heats up. This is particularly inconvenient during the winter. Because of the independent operation of the two heat exchangers, water heats up without heating, allowing you to continuously maintain the appropriate air temperature in the space.

How to prepare a legal framework

Documentation

Thus, the technical specifications of the apparatus were chosen by the apartment’s owner.

The only, and most important, question was whether or not to install this equipment in your apartment.

Respond to this question: can an interagency commission overseeing the use of the housing stock alone enable individual heating in apartments within apartment buildings?

You will need to submit an application there for the appropriate resolution.

Prior to anything else, the following document package needs to be ready:

• Application for the installation of individual heating
• consent of all apartment owners
• Protocol of the meeting of all residents of the house with consent to install individual heating in a particular apartment
• title documents for the apartment
• Technical passport of the apartment and its copy
• If the house is an architectural monument, the conclusion of the relevant authority on the legality and the possibility of redevelopment

You will need to visit multiple services and organizations in order to gather all the required paperwork and permits. If installing an electric boiler is planned, you must get in touch with city power networks to submit an application for permission. Installing a gas boiler requires the issuance of a city gas service. Its professionals check if your house has a functional chimney.

The city heating system grants permission to turn off the common house heating. The design organization will approve the apartment’s re-equipment project. The SES and the fire safety authorities must also approve this project.

Once everything is put together and the required permits have been obtained and approved, you can buy equipment safely and enter into a contract with qualified installers who will swiftly, accurately, and safely install individual heating in your apartment. But this isn’t it all. Receiving the acceptance certificate is the final step.

In today"s urban landscape, individual heating in apartment buildings is gaining traction as a solution for efficient and customizable temperature control. Unlike centralized heating systems, individual heating empowers residents with the ability to manage their own heating needs according to their preferences and lifestyle, fostering a sense of autonomy and comfort. With individual heating, occupants can regulate temperatures in their living spaces independently, leading to potential energy savings and reduced environmental impact. Moreover, this approach minimizes heat loss through distribution networks, offering a more cost-effective and environmentally friendly solution. By embracing individual heating systems, apartment buildings can cater to the diverse needs of their residents while promoting sustainability and energy efficiency in urban living spaces.

Alternative electric heating in the apartment

The simplest DIY method for setting up individual heating in an apartment is to install electric boilers or film heat supplies. You only need to finish the first step, which is unplugging from the central system, in order to accomplish this.

The apartment’s film heating

Prior to anything else, you must decide how to heat the apartment. You have two choices for custom heating in an apartment that you have designed in order to accomplish this. The conventional method entails installing a water heat supply, in which case the electric boiler will be heated by the heat carrier.

Numerous benefits come with such a system, including low inertia and the ability to install contemporary electrode or induction boilers. It is not necessary to plan separate heating systems for each apartment. Models with a capacity greater than 9 kW are an exception. They need a 380-inch three-phase power network for their work.

Installing infrared film heating is important for apartments with limited space. Its ease of installation and small size are its distinguishing features. This system’s low inertia is a drawback. Initially, items that fall into the film heat supply’s area warm up. However, in an apartment building, the installation of PLEN individual heat supplies can be done on the walls or ceiling of individual rooms, essentially removing space from the living area.

It is advised to meet a few requirements before beginning the installation. They are not required, in contrast to the apartment’s individual gas heat supply, but experts advise them to follow:

• Separate power cable from the distribution unit. This will stabilize the load on the mains in the house;
• Installation of an RCD. In new buildings with an individual heating of the electric type, this device is mounted by default;
• Installation of a two -tariff counter. If the so -called preferential watch will work most of the time, this will reduce financial costs. For individual gas heat supply in an apartment building, this is not relevant.

Apart from these techniques, there’s another way to keep rooms at a comfortable temperature. In order to accomplish this, electric convectors must be used to create individual heat supplies in apartment buildings. However, they are distinguished by high energy consumption and, consequently, rising electricity bills.

A package of necessary documents

People are pushed to switch to individual systems by functional indicators of the centralized heat supply, frequent accidents in heating networks, coolant that is the same temperature regardless of street weather conditions, and relatively high tariffs. If the customer does not owe money before utilities, he is perfectly entitled to reject state services. Private home owners have it much easier. There won’t be any impact on the neighbors during the switch to autonomous heating. Furthermore, you can create a connection plan even before you start building a house.

In order to disable a specific apartment from a centralized supply of services, the apartment owner must first get the approval of the gas and heating services. Experts also order a project with calculations and findings verifying that turning off the apartment’s central heating won’t interfere with the operation of the entire system. Furthermore, the local administration receives the package of documents listed below:

• a request for redevelopment in the home;
• a document confirming ownership of the apartment;
• registration certificate for the apartment;
• Family certificate;
• designed project;
• Technical documentation package for connecting an individual system.

The answer, indicating approval or disapproval, must be given within 1.5 months. If the problem is successfully resolved, the applicant receives a document authorizing them to perform all of the project’s specified repair work.

Administrative bodies are directed by relevant guidelines and regulations in the event of a refusal. The apartment’s ability to connect individual heating is not granted if the renovation interferes with the other residents’ right to a comfortable living space.

Legislation of 2025, is it possible to do without a lawyer

We caution that there are legal and technical aspects to the development of a fully autonomous, individual housing heating scheme in an apartment building. Surprisingly, the technical aspect of the problem is much simpler to resolve because contemporary manufacturers provide the largest range of individual heating systems, ranging from basic radiant heating systems to sophisticated complexes powered by renewable energy sources. However, you will need to make adjustments with the legal implementation of care for "free heating swimming."

Unauthorized removal of the central heat supply poses a risk to the Russian Federation’s Criminal Code.

We will examine the most fundamental choice, which is to completely cut off from the primary heating systems. Actually, there’s no reason to pay the management company’s thermal services at the same time as you spend money on apartment maintenance for your personal heating system.

If you don’t think your mental faculties are limited, you can easily learn everything there is to know about the law on your own without having to hire an attorney or law firm. To accomplish this, simply read the Russian Federation’s "On Housing and Communal Services Law," which outlines your rights in detail and allows you to safely demand them from the authorities. If they refuse, you can then apply to the court for protection!

How to disconnect from main heat supply correctly and by law?

Initially, you will need to remove any heat sources in your apartment through which the management companies’ supplied coolant passes.

This can be accomplished very easily in newly constructed buildings. In these homes, individual coolant wiring is typically implemented for each apartment, and each apartment has its own counter. Therefore, all you need to do is shut off the valve, and your apartment’s heat bill will be frozen.

But the situation is far more complicated when it comes to the houses in the old building. The truth is that these kinds of homes lack any personal warmth at all. Heat supply pipes are elevated and run from one apartment to another. Therefore, remove any heating equipment from apartments on the middle floors of apartment buildings as it is highly unlikely to function.

However, it is entirely possible to remove heating devices from apartments situated on the last floors, or on the edges of the risers. A precedent of this kind already exists; an Izhevsk resident did just that, converting a regular apartment on the fifth floor of an ordinary "Khrushchevka." In a specialized organization, he designed a conversion project and employed a brigade from a company authorized to perform construction and installation work related to heat supply.

Making sure that your apartment’s main heating systems’ pipelines do not supply heat is a crucial consideration when rearranging your space. Our hero used metal-plastic pipes with little heat transfer to close the contour in the screed of his apartment floor.

As a result, trunk heat was not lost on the lower floors, and the fact that he was receiving heat from these pipes would not be revealed.

Following the repairs, documentation pertaining to the apartment’s commissioning—which details its new heating features—must be obtained. This paper’s intended appearance is depicted in the figure. Following that, the management company is mentioned in the paper, and you will have to endure another round of conflict with Criminal Code employees. Since you won’t be paying for heat, I will obviously not want to lower your income.

Order for the apartment’s commissioning following its disconnection from the central heating system

Gas boilers

Choosing a boiler that will be used for heating requires careful consideration in addition to the design of all the paperwork for individual gas heating in an apartment building.

Generally speaking, buyers opt for a dual-circuit unit, which offers the apartment’s occupants both warm and hot water.

These days, they make compact, wall-mounted devices with closed combustion chambers. This kind of boiler makes installation easier because it doesn’t need a gas meter because a fan does the job. In addition to "driving" air from the street, he uses special pipes to remove combustion waste.

A two-chamber wall gas boiler has clear advantages:

1. It combines both the heating system and a boiler for heating water.
2. Fuel saving significantly reduces heating costs.
3. Equipped with an electronic sensor and thermometers, such boilers can be adjusted and configured at their discretion.

Many consumers are simply switching to alternative sources of heating today, whereas even ten or fifteen years ago, people would have wondered if it was possible to make individual heating in apartments. It is advised to connect an electrical heating system rather than a gas one in the event that the apartment is not situated in an extremely cold or hot area.

Disconnecting procedure from a centralized heating system

Examining the pertinent laws is essential when putting together all the paperwork required to convert to individual housing heating.

• Federal Law No. 190 of July 27, 2010;
• Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 307 of April 16, 2012;
• Art. 25, 26 of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation.

Installing an electric boiler will be the most straightforward solution. All you have to do is submit an application to the district electric network. The authorization will be granted promptly provided the necessary technical conditions are met. However, in this scenario, the heat produced might be more than the heat energy from central heating at a cost.

Since natural gas is relatively inexpensive, installing a gas boiler makes financial sense because it saves money. However, there are a lot of formalities that must be followed when doing individual gas heating:

To use the city gas service, the right technical conditions must be obtained. Examine the chimney’s serviceability and consult the All-Russian Voluntary Fire Society (VDPO) for advice. Obtain the approval of the entire household (this item is registered). 36 Housing Code of the Russian Federation; 3 tablespoons

This is crucial because if one centralized heating apartment refuses to operate, the system as a whole may experience malfunctions. Furthermore, it is imperative to retrieve the pertinent documentation and ascertain the ownership of the system’s components, such as the pipeline and batteries.

It is also required to issue a special resolution from neighbors if they share a household. The disconnection permit needs to be obtained through the management company if the heating components are not shared property. Get permission to disassemble your apartment’s heating system in cases of city heating systems.

Those residents who have gas speakers are installed in the apartments to obtain permission for individual heating, as there are a chimney in such buildings, and the pressure in the gas pipeline is suitable for the functioning of the gas boiler.

Following the acquisition of a preliminary permit for the gas heating project, the following paperwork needs to be created:

1. A statement in which it is necessary to indicate that the owner of the apartment plans to make individual heating and disconnect from the centralized system.
2. The original technical passport of the apartment, which should indicate the location of the batteries and pipes.
3. Permission from the residents of the house (if the components of the system are common property) or from the management company.
4. The decision on the possible redevelopment of the apartment. It is given by the Housing Office or the Management Company.

The time frame within which a permit must be obtained in order to demolish a centralized system and set up an individual can range from three to six months. Once you have clearance from public service representatives, you can disassemble the apartment’s heating components.

In what cases do not need the consent of the neighbors

It also happens that a common meeting is not necessary to resolve the issue. This occurs when the documentation fails to list the house’s heating system and all of its components as common property. However, this fact alone does not mean that there will be a rational shutdown on its own.

Since the reconstruction will need to update the house registration, in this instance, consent from a nearby organization that offers resource supply services is required.

Specifically, comprehensive details regarding the heating system are listed in the third section. According to the law, any installation or modification counts as a technical change that needs to be made to the technical passport.

If each tenant in the house wants to be connected, then this is a better process.

Subsequently, a suitable resolution is reached during a building’s general meeting, all owners’ signatures are gathered, and technical paperwork is created.

Is it possible to make installation yourself

In order not to hire specialists, but to make installation yourself, you need to know how individual heating works. But even having studied all the nuances, such actions as installing a boiler and auxiliary equipment, gas connection and laying of the risers must perform specialists of the relevant services. But the installation of radiators is within the power of everyone. The main thing is to check the tightness before starting the use of the system. Places of leaks, as a rule, are detected in places of compounds of radiator sections or pipes and radiator. A reliable way to check the tightness is to allow the coolant into the system. You have to be ready to immediately eliminate the flow so as not to flood the neighbors.

Installation process

The installation process for the heating system is divided into multiple phases and is completed in compliance with technological specifications. Ignorance of explicit guidelines and specifications may cause equipment malfunctions that could result in an emergency.

Marking

First, marking is applied to the locations where pipes and radiators will be placed.

The marks are placed using the level to ensure that all of the highway’s components are at the same level as required by technology.

Installation of radiators

The batteries are fastened to their seats at the following level. This is accomplished by drilling holes for fasteners—which need to be secured with dowels—at the locations designated by the perforator.

Fittings are screwed to the installed fasteners, which are used to hang the radiators.

Laying pipelines

Next, move on to the pipe’s length. Their assembly starts with the wiring and proceeds from there. Fittings that join the highway to the heating boiler are welded to the pipe’s edges using a soldering iron. The soldering process involves cleaning the pipe edges with foil and inserting them into the heated soldering iron nozzle. Simultaneously, the fitting is heated to the appropriate temperature, typically 260°C.

Furthermore, a homogenous, unusable connection forms when the details with the hot edges are joined in a straight line and compressed firmly. In the same way, all of the contour parts’ edges around the apartment’s perimeter are connected. Pipes are fastened to the wall every 65 to 70 centimeters to prevent deformation.

Corner taps are welded in the locations where radiators connect to the plastic components of the heating system. The system is prepared to be connected to the gas boiler; however, because of the complexity of the work and the additional safety precautions involved, it is best to leave the installation and connection to trained professionals.

Individual heating in the apartment: dream or reality

Many people are unaware that apartments can also have individual heating systems installed, in addition to private homes. But some apartment owners have such severe heating problems that they take this opportunity very seriously. Why would tenants in an apartment building consider installing an independent heating system? This is due to numerous factors:

• unjustifiably high cost of utility bills;
• low -quality heating, which does not allow maintaining a comfortable temperature in the apartment in the cold season without the use of additional heat sources;
• the unprofitable location of the apartment, requiring a more intense heating – the corner apartment, the first floor;
• Dependence on the set dates of the beginning and end of the heating season, which makes it freeze in the fall and suffer from the heat in the apartment in the spring;
• the desire to maintain the optimum temperature at any time, giving money only for the actual heat consumption.

Advantages	Disadvantages
Control over heating settings for individual units	Potential for uneven heating distribution among units

There are many advantages to individual heating in apartment buildings for both occupants and the environment. First of all, it gives tenants more control over their comfort levels and heating costs. Residents can potentially save energy by adjusting temperatures based on their usage patterns and preferences when they own their own heating system. Furthermore, since each heating system functions independently, having separate heating systems can lessen the possibility of disagreements among neighbors about preferred heating levels.

Furthermore, individual heating systems support sustainability and overall energy efficiency. They lessen overall energy waste by allowing residents to optimize their energy consumption based on their unique needs. This encourages a greener method of heating in addition to assisting in the reduction of carbon emissions. Apartment buildings can comply with current energy efficiency regulations and support broader sustainability initiatives by switching to individual heating systems.

In addition, compared to centralized heating systems, individual heating systems are more dependable and convenient. There is no need for residents to rely on a single, centralized system that might go down or need a lot of maintenance. As an alternative, each unit runs independently, guaranteeing steady heating even in the event that other units or the building’s infrastructure malfunction.

To sum up, installing individual heating in apartment buildings is a great way to improve comfort, energy economy, and environmental sustainability. Individual heating systems open the door to a more sustainable and cozy living environment by giving residents control over their heating systems, encouraging energy efficiency, and guaranteeing dependability.

Video on the topic

Individual heating of apartment buildings 09 11 2025

Individual heating in an apartment building without gas [heating with pellets]

Autonomous heating system in an apartment building.