What is an elevator in the heating system

Knowing the fundamentals of heating systems is crucial for keeping our homes toasty and warm during the colder months. The "elevator" is one important element that is frequently brought up in conversations about heating. But in the context of heating systems, what does this term actually mean?

Consider the elevator in a heating system as a vital component that effectively distributes heat throughout the house. It serves as a means of transportation, making sure that heat from the heating source enters every room of your house, from the top floor to the basement.

So tell me, how does this lift operate? Basically, depending on the kind of heating system you have, it’s made up of a network of pipes or ducts. The hot air, steam, or water from the central heating unit—a furnace or boiler—travels through these pipes or ducts to different rooms and sections of the house.

Consider the elevator as an intricate network of passageways, similar to the veins in our bodies. The elevator channels heat to different zones in your home, ensuring a constant and comfortable temperature throughout, much like veins carry blood to different parts of our bodies.

Comprehending the function of the elevator in your heating system is essential to guaranteeing peak efficiency and minimal energy usage. You can reduce energy waste and utility costs while increasing the efficiency of your heating system by maintaining and optimizing this crucial part.

Thermal distribution point of the building

One of the boiler’s three temperature modes of operation is advised by heating equipment. These regimes were applied practically for many years after being initially computed theoretically. They transfer heat as efficiently as possible over long distances with little loss.

The ratio of the "return" temperature to the temperature can be used to identify thermal modes:

1. 150/70 – feed temperature 150 degrees, and the temperature of the “return” 70 degrees.
2. 130/70- The temperature of the water is 130 degrees, the temperature of the “return” 70 degrees;
3. 95/70 – water temperature 95 degrees, temperature "return" – 70 degrees.

In actuality, the regime is chosen according to the extent of the winter air temperature for every particular area. It should be mentioned that high temperatures—particularly 150 and 130 degrees—are used during heating in order to prevent burns and major depressurization-related consequences.

Because of the high pressure inside pipelines, the water does not boil because its temperature is higher than its boiling point. As a result, you must lower the pressure and temperature and provide the appropriate heat selection for that specific building. This assignment is given to the heating system’s elevator unit, a unique piece of equipment that is situated in the heat distribution point.

Device and principle of operation of the heating elevator

A node that connects the feed and return pipes is thrown into the eyes at the entrance point of the heating network pipeline, which is typically located in the basement. This is a mixing unit for heating a house, an elevator. An elevator is constructed as a steel or cast-iron framework with three flanges. This is a standard heating elevator, and it operates according to the rules of physics. A diffuser, mixing neck, nozzle, and reception camera are all located inside the elevator. The flange is used to connect the reception camera to the "reference".

Water that has been overheated enters the elevator and travels through the nozzle. Bernoulli Law states that as the nozzle narrows, the flow rate rises and the pressure falls. The elevator’s mixing chamber is filled with mixed water from the "return," which is drawn into the area of lower pressure. Water lowers the temperature to the appropriate level while also lowering pressure. The elevator functions as a mixer and circulation pump at the same time. This is the general idea behind how an elevator works with a building’s or structure’s heating system.

The circuit of the thermal unit

The house’s elevator heating units are responsible for adjusting the heat carrier supply. The primary component of the heat unit, the elevator, requires strapping. Due to the sensitivity of the adjusting equipment to pollution, the binding has mud filters attached to the "feed" and "return."

The elevator’s tie consists of:

• Mud filters;
• pressure gauges (at the entrance and output);
• thermal attires (thermometers at the inlet of the elevator, at the output and on the “return”);
• gate valves (for conducting preventive or emergency work).

Although it is the simplest way to change the coolant’s temperature, this is frequently the heat unit’s primary component. The basic unit of any building or structure’s elevator heating system makes sure that the coolant’s pressure and temperature can be adjusted within the circuit.

Benefits of using it to heat big items, buildings, and skyscrapers:

1. reliability, due to the simplicity of the structure;
2. low installation price and components;
3. Absolute energy dependence;
4. Significant saving of coolant consumption up to 30%.

However, despite the undeniable benefits of utilizing an elevator for heating systems, the following drawbacks should also be considered:

• The calculation is made individually for each system;
• We need a mandatory pressure drop in the heating system of the object;
• If the elevator is unregulated, then it is impossible to change the parameters of the heating circuit.

Elevator with automatic adjustment

Nowadays, elevators have been developed where the nozzle section can be changed electronically. There is a mechanism in such an elevator that moves the throttle needle. It modifies the nozzle’s lumen, which modifies the heat carrier consumption. The speed of water varies with the lumen. The temperature of the coolant in the "feed" changes as a result of a change in the coefficient of mixing hot water and water from the "return." It is now evident why the heating system requires water pressure.

The coolant supply and pressure are controlled by the elevator, and the coolant’s pressure controls the flow of the heated circuit.

The main malfunctions of the elevator node

Even something as basic as an elevator node can malfunction. Manometer testimony from the elevator node’s control points can be analyzed to identify the malfunctions:

1. Malfunctions are often caused by clogging pipelines with mud and solid particles in water. If there is a drop in the pressure in the heating system, which is much higher to the mud, then this malfunction is caused by the clogging of the mud, which is in the supply pipeline. The dirt is dumped through the descent channels of the mud, clean the nets and the inner surfaces of the device.
2. If the pressure in the heating system jumps, then the possible causes may be corrosion or clogging of the nozzle. If the nozzle is destroyed, then the pressure in the expansion heating tank may exceed the permissible.
3. A case is possible in which the pressure in the heating system is growing, and the pressure gauges before and after the mud in the “return” show different values. In this case, you need to clean the mud "Reverse". Drain cranes are opened on it, a grid is cleaned, and pollution from the inside is removed.
4. With the change in the size of the nozzle due to corrosion, a vertical cessation of the heating circuit occurs due to corrosion. Below the batteries will be hot, and on the upper floors are not heated enough. Replacing the nozzle with a nozzle with a calculated diameter eliminates such a malfunction.

Distribution devices

When an elevator node is fully strapped, it can be thought of as a discharge circulation pump that feeds coolant into the heating system at a specific pressure.

The best course of action in a facility with multiple floors and consumers is to distribute the general coolant flow to every consumer.

A comb, also known as a collector, is designed for a heating system in order to address such issues. One way to conceptualize this device is as a container. The coolant enters the container from the elevator’s exit and continues to flow through multiple outputs at the same pressure.

As a result, the heating system’s switchgear comb permits the facility’s individual users to be disconnected, adjusted, or repaired without interrupting the heating circuit’s operation. The heating system’s branches no longer affect one another when a collector is present. In this instance, the pressure at the elevator’s output and the pressure in the heating batteries match.

The valve is three -way

When it becomes necessary to split the coolant flow between the two consumers, a three-way heating valve that functions in two ways is utilized:

• constant mode;
• Variable hydroeum.

Wherever in the heating circuit it may be required to divide or stop the water flow entirely, a three-way crane is installed. Material for crane: brass, cast iron, or steel. A locking mechanism, which may be ball, cylindrical, or conical, is located inside the crane. The tap has a tee-like appearance and can function as a mixer if a three-way valve on the heating system is connected to it. The ratios used for mixing can be altered greatly.

The main purposes of the ball valve are:

1. adjusting the temperature of warm floors;
2. adjusting the temperature of the batteries;
3. The distribution of the coolant into two directions.

Three-way cranes come in two varieties: locking and adjusting. Although they are nearly equal in theory, smoothly controlling the temperature with shut-off three-way taps is more challenging.

What is heating elevator and how it works?

The heating elevator is a type of jet pump that is utilized in apartment buildings’ centrally heated heating systems.

By using a heating elevator, you can simultaneously address multiple issues:

• optimize the process of consumption of thermal energy coming from the boiler room
• ensure the safe operation of the heating system by reducing the temperature of the coolant in the supply pipeline to a safe level (95C and below)
• evenly distribute heat throughout the apartment building

Only when residential buildings and other buildings receive their heat from a centralized source is the solution to the aforementioned issues necessary. Jet pumps are not utilized in homes or small heating systems where the water’s temperature allows coolant to be pumped straight into radiators.

The main features of central heating systems

A heated coolant that travels through a pipeline from boilers to thermal points in residential buildings transfers heat from the boiler room to consumers. Generally speaking, there are numerous homes, and the boiler room is one of them. Additionally, it is typically situated hundreds or even kilometers away from the customer.

The quantity of heat that enters a house with the same coolant volume is directly correlated with the heating system’s temperature; the higher the temperature, the more heat is transferred to the occupants. The coolant can be heated to 130–150 degrees Celsius at below-freezing air temperature.

The heating system’s coolant is under pressure to stop the process of steam formation.

The amount of coolant that needs to be heated and pumped increases with the number of consumers. Power engineers must simultaneously make sure that homes are heated safely, which can only be done when the water in the radiators is between 60 and 70 degrees. Contact with the surface of heating devices can result in burns due to their intense heating.

An issue occurs where water with a maximum temperature of 55–60 degrees Celsius is supplied, and a coolant with a temperature of 130–150 degrees Celsius is supplied under high pressure from the side of the house’s boiler room. For residential buildings, this maximum temperature is between 70–80 degrees Celsius. The heating elevator, which doubles as a jet pump, is used in the great majority of cases in our nation to address this issue.

How the heating elevator works?

The heating elevator is made up of a mixing tee, nozzle, and nozzle. The heating elevator works on a very basic principle: coolant under high pressure is supplied to the nozzle, whose output diameter is smaller than the pipe’s input diameter, from the boiler room. When the diameter gets smaller, the fluid’s kinetic energy and velocity both rise.

Subsequently, the rapidly moving liquid enters the mixing chamber, which is substantially bigger than the nozzle’s output diameter. This causes the pressure to abruptly drop to atmospheric levels. The fluid suction from the reverse pipeline is supplied to the mixing chamber as a result of the vacuum that is created.

Consequently, the portion of the reverse water that was heading towards the boiler was "captured" by the heated coolant and held in reserve in the subsequent chamber. Here, the two liquids mixed and exchanged energy before entering the house’s supply pipeline and proceeding to be heated devices.

Without the need for extra circulation pumps, the coolant can be brought to the proper temperature and circulated by combining hot coolant from the supply pipeline with cold reverse water.

The full amount of coolant from the boiler room and a portion of the already-cooled water’s back enter the heating system at the same time. The portion of the coolant that is not "captured" by the elevator then travels to the boiler room via the opposite pipeline, where it is heated before repeating the journey to the consumer.

Consequently, you can raise the overall efficiency of the heating system by lowering the volume of water that is circulated in the heating main between the boiler room and consumers.

The advantages and disadvantages of the heating elevator

The heating elevator has a low cost and a straightforward design. You do not need to connect the heating elevator energy-dependent device to an electric network in order for it to function. Consider the coefficient of suction or a dimensionless medium expense when assessing the elevator’s performance. Elevator efficiency is typically low, averaging only 30%. but, despite this, to refuse to use their premature.

One drawback of the jet pump in the heating system is that the coolant temperature cannot be adjusted. However, this issue can be resolved by using elevators with nozzle diameters that can be adjusted. This will enable you to alter the mixing chamber’s vacuum level, regulate the water’s temperature, and regulate the flow rate.

The elevator design incorporates an electric drive, a temperature sensor, and an automatic control device to adjust the nozzle’s diameter.

It’s important to comprehend the idea of an elevator in the heating system when discussing insulation and home heating. In short, an elevator is a device that controls the distribution of heated air or water within a structure. Consider it a dispatcher, sending heat where it is most effectively needed. This part keeps hot spots and cold corners at bay by ensuring that the right amount of heat reaches every area of the house. In essence, the elevator promotes energy efficiency and comfort by assisting in the maintenance of a steady, comfortable temperature throughout the entire house.

Elevator node

As a component of an elevator node, heating elevators are installed along with other equipment.

• Court reinforcement
• Manometers
• Thermometers
• filters (mud catch)

Elevator strapping schemes are implemented in compliance with the heating system project. It is not acceptable for unauthorized individuals to take independent actions.

Unfortunately, the appearance of the elevator—a narrowing of the pipeline—oftentimes leaves employees who are illiterate as well as random bystanders perplexed.

Attempts to "fix everything" by disassembling the elevator or altering its design—such as by drilling a nozzle—occur frequently.

Such behavior results in a violation of the heating system, whereby the final radiators are barely warm and the heating devices at the beginning of the systems are overheated.

What are elevators in the heating system for?

Varieties of heated elevators

Strangely enough, not even every plumber that works on multi-story buildings is knowledgeable about heating elevators. They are aware that this device is installed in the system, at most. That being said, not even common people are aware of its arrangement or function.

Thus, let’s close this knowledge gap regarding heating systems and conduct a deeper analysis of this apparatus.

What is an elevator?

Put simply, an elevator is a unique apparatus used for water-cutting or injective pumping as well as heating machinery. Not any more, not any less.

Increasing the pressure inside the heating system is its primary function. Put another way, pump more coolant throughout the network, which will raise the volume of the fluid. We illustrate with a brief example to help clarify. Twelve to thirteen cubic meters of water are found in the system where the house’s apartments are located, and five to six cubic meters are taken from the supply water supply as a coolant.

How is it possible? And for what reason is the coolant’s volume increasing? There are certain physics laws that underlie this phenomenon. First, if the heating system has an elevator installed, it is linked to the central heating networks, which transfer hot water under pressure from a sizable boiler room or thermal power plant.

As a result, the water inside the pipeline reaches +150 C, especially in extreme cold. However, how is that possible? Water has a boiling point of +100 s, after all. One of the laws of physics applies in this situation. If water is in an open container with no pressure at this temperature, it will boil. However, the pressure that the supply pumps generate inside the pipeline causes the water to flow. She does not boil as a result.

Proceed now. +150 degrees Celsius is regarded as extremely high. Such hot water cannot be supplied to apartment heating systems for the following reasons:

• Firstly, cast iron does not like large temperature differences. And if cast -iron radiators are installed in the apartments, they may fail. Well, if they just give a leak. But they can break them, because under the influence of high temperatures, cast iron becomes fragile, like glass.
• Secondly, at this temperature of metal heating elements, it will not be difficult to get a burn.
• Thirdly, plastic pipes are often used to strain heating devices now. And as much as possible, they can withstand, this is a temperature of +90 s (in addition, with such numbers, manufacturers guarantee 1 year of operation). So they just melt.

The coolant needs to be cold as a result. Here’s where having an elevator will be necessary.

What is the elevator node for

Scheme for connecting elevator assemblies

We then took a look at the issue of which elevators are required for the heating system.

These gadgets are made to bring the water’s temperature down to the appropriate level. It is supplied to the apartment heating system already chilled. In other words, the elevator’s coolant cools. How?

It’s all very easy to understand. This device is made up of a camera that records hot, overheated water as well as water that comes from the heating system’s reverse contour. In other words, the boiler room coolant and the home’s return coolant are combined. Thus, you can obtain the necessary volume of coolant at the needed temperature without using a lot of hot water.

Does the temperature drop? Indeed, we are losing, and there is no denying the obvious in this situation. However, the nozzle—which is substantially smaller than the diameter of the pipe supplying hot water to the house—is used to supply the coolant. Because of the pressure inside the pipeline, this snot moves at such a high speed that the coolant is distributed over all risers very quickly. The temperature in the heating devices will therefore remain constant regardless of the apartment’s location in relation to the distribution unit. Thus, 100% uniform distribution is offered.

However, do you know what plumbing can occasionally allow? They attempt to manually alter the coolant’s speed by removing the nozzle and installing metal shutters. If installed, that is. Additionally, some homes have no dampers at all, which leads to issues.

The apartments nearer the elevator node will have an African climate. Here, the windows are always open, even during the worst of the frost. Additionally, people walk in boots and use gas tiles or electrical heating devices in long-distance apartments, particularly on corners. They criticize everything in the world without considering that the businesses that provide services to their home may be at fault. This is the outcome of simple ineptitude and ignorance.

How is the elevator operated?

In order to ensure effective heat distribution throughout a home, an elevator is an essential part of a heating system. It works similarly to the human body’s heart to make sure that warmth is distributed evenly throughout. It helps with the transfer of heat energy, which keeps the interior climate comfortable during the winter months, by moving hot water or steam from the boiler to the radiators or underfloor heating system.

The ability of an elevator to combat hot water or steam’s inclination to rise and collect at higher points is one of the main advantages of an elevator in a heating system. This stratification could result in uneven heating in the absence of an elevator, with areas closer to the heat source becoming overheated while those farther away stay cold. The elevator creates uniform warmth throughout the house by lifting and dispersing the heated fluid, which makes every room feel cozy.

Additionally, by maximizing heat transfer, an elevator raises the heating system’s overall efficiency. It reduces energy waste by running the heated fluid continuously, which shortens the time it takes for warmth to reach the underfloor pipes or radiators. By conserving energy, this not only lowers utility bills but also advances environmental sustainability. Essentially, an elevator plays a crucial role in optimizing the efficiency of a heating system, providing homeowners with comfort and financial savings.

To sum up, the elevator in a heating system is an essential component that helps to maximize energy efficiency and guarantee even heat distribution throughout a home. It keeps stratification at bay and ensures that every room is consistently warm by moving steam or hot water. Its contribution to lowering energy waste highlights how important it is for improving comfort and cutting down on utility costs. By being aware of this component’s significance, homeowners can be better equipped to make decisions about their heating systems, which will ultimately result in a more sustainable and comfortable living space.

Video on the topic

2 errors or quick launch of heating high -rise buildings