Reinforcement of brickwork: choice of mesh, longitudinal and transverse, through how many rows, SNiP

Maintaining a house’s structural integrity requires making sure the brickwork is sturdy and stable. Using mesh to reinforce brick walls is one efficient way to do this. This article will discuss the factors to be taken into account when choosing the right mesh, both longitudinally and transversely, as well as how to find the best location in accordance with SNiP regulations.

Selecting the appropriate mesh type is essential to increasing brickwork strength. As a supporting framework, the mesh helps distribute loads and keeps the structure from collapsing or cracking. Considerations including material, gauge, and mesh size must be made when choosing mesh. Galvanized steel and fiberglass are two common materials for mesh, and they both have different strengths and levels of corrosion resistance.

The horizontal placement of mesh inside the brickwork is known as longitudinal reinforcement. Tensile forces, which can result from foundation settling or external pressures like wind, are lessened by this reinforcement. Longitudinal mesh row spacing is determined by various factors, including wall height, anticipated loads, and local building codes. Following SNiP regulations guarantees adherence to industry standards and improves the building’s structural stability.

Brick walls must be strengthened by the placement of transverse mesh in addition to longitudinal reinforcement. Installed vertically, transverse mesh intersects longitudinal mesh to form a pattern resembling a grid. By offering resistance to lateral forces and enhancing overall stability, this configuration effectively reinforces the wall as a whole. To achieve optimal reinforcement and compliance with SNiP guidelines, transverse mesh row spacing and placement are crucial decisions.

Construction projects’ quality and safety are greatly enhanced by SNiP regulations. These rules offer thorough instructions for many facets of building construction and design, including brickwork reinforcement. Builders and homeowners can reduce the risk of future structural failures and expensive repairs by adhering to SNiP standards, which will increase the durability and longevity of their structures.

In which cases it is necessary to reinforce the masonry

Brick walls don’t always need to be reinforced. Sometimes the builder is forced to take such action; it’s not always his choice. When alternative methods of strengthening the wall are unfeasible, place masonry mesh beneath the brick initially.

There are two points, because of which such a measure is sometimes preferred to refuse. First, the cost of the work increases. Secondly, the result largely depends on the skill and qualification of workers.When using fiberglass masonry mesh, the cost of the work does not increase much. Consider a two-storey cottage made of large-format ceramic brick with a wall perimeter of 40 meters and a floor height of 3 meters. When reinforcing each 4th row of masonry you will need 240 linear meters of 50x50x2 mm – 50 cm mesh. The grid for such a house will cost 8750 rubles. Agree, quite a small increase in cost for a two-story house.Nevertheless, masonry mesh for bricks, the dimensions of which correspond to the calculated load, is indispensable in a number of cases:

• The object to be erected is a high-rise or capital, the walls are laid in two brick layers or more. In this case, thanks to the grid it is possible to keep the mortar in place, not to release it into the formed voids.
• Two brick or stone walls, which differ in characteristics, are erected simultaneously. The shrinkage and creep of such walls will also be different.
• Brick or stone – initially not the most rigid, not the most durable. Aerated concrete and other lightweight concrete mixtures will not retain the original shape of the object for a long time if reinforcing materials are not used.
• The object is built of lightweight blocks. In this case, there are too many voids from the beginning, and the mortar can also escape into them.
• Low temperatures persist during construction, causing the mortar to set slowly. Since this usually prevents the construction from being delayed, the structure is reinforced with mesh.

The object is prevented from excessive shrinkage, deformation, and premature collapse by reinforcing the masonry. It is recommended to place mesh every five to six rows, and it is required in corners and intersections of bearing walls as well as under and over openings (under the last row from below and over the lintel from above). There should be a minimum of 200 mm overlap. Additionally, mesh is placed beneath the floor slabs; the first row will be situated either beneath the slab or directly on top of the blocks. FBS

Masonry mesh consumption

The following factors determine how much mesh is needed to reinforce the masonry:

• the height of the house and the frequency of laying;
• the perimeter of the walls;
• width of the walls.

Multiply the wall thickness by the perimeter and the number of reinforced rows to obtain the necessary number in square meters. You can use our masonry mesh calculator for convenience.

How to use masonry mesh correctly

Naturally, masonry mesh should be used in the following circumstances:

• Grids should be placed at least every 5 rows for single ceramic bricks, every 4 rows when using thickened bricks and every 3 rows when using ceramic blocks. In multilayer walls under the laying pumping rows mesh should be placed at least 6 rows later, if you lay single ceramic bricks;
• The mesh should be placed on the previous row and then fixed with concrete mortar. The mortar must cover the wall completely so that there is an even area for the next brick or stone row;
• Make sure that when laying the reinforced masonry joint thickness does not exceed 16 mm;
• The different pieces of mesh in the area where they meet should be laid with an overlap of at least 15 cm.

Masonry mesh: mesh sizes and selection

When doing such tasks, the worker’s qualifications become one of the most crucial factors. It is crucial to keep an eye on how professionally the tapes and webs are bound together. Brick masonry mesh has dimensions that are precisely defined.

The primary component used in production is wire that ranges in thickness from 3 to 6 mm.

The most recent version of GOST 6727-80 specifies this requirement. Analogs made of fiberglass have a diameter of two millimeters. It is a metal equivalent of the so-called "threes." The maximum diameter for masonry bricks reinforced with meshes is 2.5–12 centimeters. The most popular material has cells that measure 3, 5, 9, 10, and 12 millimeters in diameter.

The majority of objects’ standard meshes are square or rectangular in shape.

You can also provide the following examples of common meshes found in practice:

• In the case of fiberglass – 5 by 5 centimeters.
• Basalt masonry – 2.5 by 2.5 centimeters. In combination with facing bricks, these types of materials really give the best results. Characterized by the preservation of high natural flexibility.
• CFRP – 2.5 by 60 centimeters. Or 1 by 2.5 centimeters.

The selection of a specific mesh size should be based on the designer’s instructions. In the end, the mesh will be stronger the smaller their diameter.

Selecting the appropriate mesh and understanding its placement are essential for strengthening the brickwork in your home. The SNiP guidelines provide important context for this procedure. For optimal strength, take into account both longitudinal and transverse mesh options. Strategic placement is advised, usually every few rows, in accordance with SNiP guidelines. In addition to improving structural integrity, this reinforcement guarantees durability against a range of environmental factors. Following these guidelines will help you fortify your brickwork and give your house long-lasting protection.

Historical experience

One hundred years or older historic brick buildings were constructed without reinforcement. Reasons: needless and costly. Put another way, if metal was inexpensive, people would be using it to reinforce masonry, and astute marketers could argue that this was necessary. One requirement also dictated whether extra reinforcement was required: bearing partitions had to be wider than windows. It is important for any builder to understand that this is about strengthening the masonry, not the walls.

Wooden purlins were inserted into the walls some 200–300 years ago. Later, strip iron took their place, and in the last century, steel I-beams were introduced. This was carried out in order to increase the wall structures’ overall strength. Furthermore, masonry was not reinforced at all; metal cords were used to reinforce thick joints and wire was only positioned in the corners of the most important structures.

General understanding of masonry reinforcement

To improve the strength of local nodes under off-centered loads, masonry reinforcement is required.

The purpose of wall reinforcement is to make the walls more stable (rigid). For instance, stability in the case of vaults or bending moments along the wall are computed.

It is not necessary for someone who has chosen to construct his own tiny house or dacha to possess this knowledge and comprehension of the essence of the question. It makes sense to choose not to require masonry reinforcement for such objects, but only in the event that special construction conditions are not met.

If you’re building something larger, you’ll need a project that includes load calculations and a thorough breakdown of every step of the building process, including any necessary masonry reinforcement.

Preparing for work

The following supplies and equipment are required if the mesh is to be made right on the construction site:

• Reinforcement bars of suitable diameter;
• wire for binding the bars;
• A special hook for tying the reinforcement.

The lattice binding does not pose any unique challenges. The transverse reinforcement’s length is marginally longer than the masonry’s thickness, and the bars’ lengths are marked. Using a knitting wire and a hook, the rods are cut and tied into an even mesh.

Transverse reinforcement of walls

Bricks with mesh are transversely reinforced by placing it on top of the brick layer. Reinforcing bars can be used in addition to mesh. It is not acceptable to use mesh and bars simultaneously in a single structure; only homogeneous reinforcing elements may be used. The bending and compressive strengths are boosted in this way. This kind is more frequently applied to inclined planes (like arched masonry).

Bricks are first laid on the foundation strip, and then ready-made reinforcement bars are placed on top.

Transverse reinforcement is used for masonry columns, walls, and partitions. After the reinforcement is positioned on the brick row, a layer of mortar for bricklaying is applied; this layer should be at least 1.5 centimeters thick.

Features of transverse reinforcement

Rods or mesh are used in transverse reinforcement of masonry. The mesh is more popular. They are constructed using various link shapes:

• rectangular;
• square;
• zigzag.

Steel bars with a cross-sectional area no larger than 5 mm are used as mesh reinforcement in systems with square and rectangular links. The links are 3 to 10 cm on the sides. Every fifth row is covered in the mesh that has been reinforced in this way. When using thicker bricks, reinforcement is applied more frequently—every four rows. Remember that the reinforcement ends need to stick outward from the wall’s interior. This configuration facilitates counting the rows and ensures that the subsequent layer is not overlooked. The projecting ends are plastered over and chopped off at the end of construction.

Steel wire is used to create a zigzag reinforcing mesh for brickwork. It is zigzag shaped and has a 5–10 cm space between each knee. For this kind of mesh, the reinforcement’s diameter ranges from 5 to 8 mm. Every second layer of masonry has them in it. Subsequent layers have a different arrangement that is exactly perpendicular to the preceding layer.

Problems can also arise in the places where different-height sections of the house converge.

Sometimes all-metal reinforcing mesh—either drawn or with slits—is utilized in place of zigzag mesh.

Reinforcement of the transverse type of rod reinforcement

In the case of even rows, brickwork is reinforced with straight reinforcement. The rods are spaced equally apart in width, ranging from 30 to 120 mm. After two to three rows, the process is repeated with the bars inserted into the interbrick joint across a depth of up to two centimeters. The width of the joint determines the cross-sectional area of the reinforcement, which ranges from 3 to 8 mm.

Rod reinforcement with a cross-sectional shape other than round is used to increase the structure’s resistance. Steel strips are also employed. The properties of the brickwork dictate the parameters of the reinforcing elements.

Technology of longitudinal reinforcement

The following categories of longitudinal reinforcement are distinguished based on the placement of reinforcing elements:

Building envelopes are occasionally laid out without tying joints.

Bars are the most often used component in the longitudinal reinforcement arrangement. The distance between each bar is 15 times its diameter if it is placed externally and no more than 25 times its diameter if it is placed internally.

The objectives of longitudinal reinforcement are pursued with horizontal reinforcement. This results in a bundle of reinforcing bars arranged vertically. Wire, angles, strips, and steel reinforcement can all be used with horizontal types. Parameters match those of the vertically positioned reinforcement.

Concrete can be used to shield the longitudinal process’s reinforcing elements from the harsh effects of the environment. In high humidity conditions, the thickness of the mixture can be placed externally anywhere from 100 to 120 mm.

Reinforcing brick walls

The standard specification for reinforcement calls for the mesh to extend 3–4 mm behind the brickwork. This serves as a marker for the locations of reinforcement without lessening its effectiveness.

Plan for bolstering brickwork.

There is an inherent need to reinforce brick walls in areas with higher seismic activity. However, the State Building Commission has recently advised that reinforcement be added to any masonry building or structure in any neighborhood. This is because reinforcement lessens the chance of deformation and masonry can quickly collapse when subjected to floods and other unfavorable natural occurrences.

There are two types of longitudinal reinforcement: internal and external. The step of the clamps on the homemade reinforcement in the external (external) should not be greater than 15 diameters of the wire used. The maximum distance that can be used internally is 25 diameters. When using such reinforcement, the location of the object or the room’s humidity levels must be considered. Therefore, the mortar layer should be 2-3 cm thick in wet areas and 1-1.5 cm thick in drier areas.

Every five rows in masonry, the wall is reinforced. To prevent the mesh from deforming during mortar pouring, reinforcement is additionally fastened. Controlling the joint thickness is also important (the maximum values are listed above). Reinforcement is added every two to three rows when building intricate and heavy structures or when the wall will be subjected to a significant amount of physical impact.

Jointing of reinforcement using the ligature method

This is the simplest approach to guarantee a sturdy reinforcement bar construction. The most widely used class of rods—A400 AIII—is utilized for this work. Binding wire is used to create overlapping reinforcement connections without the need for welding. Two bars are placed against one another and wired several times in order to accomplish this. As was previously mentioned, SNiP lists three ways to fix the reinforcement bars using a binder. fixing with transverse type straight ends, fixing with periodic profile straight ends, and using parts with bends at the ends.

Overlapping bars of reinforcement cannot be connected in an overlapping manner. In order to prevent these connections from becoming the weak point of the entire structure, there are several requirements for them. Additionally, there are other points involved in addition to the overlap’s length.

Important nuances and requirements for the connection with a ligature

While joining rods with wire is a less complicated process than joining them with a welding machine, it is still not simple. The procedure demands strict adherence to the guidelines and recommendations, just like any other work. Only then can we declare that the monolithic structure’s reinforcement has been correctly carried out. The following parameters should be considered when using the ligature method to connect the reinforcement with overlap:

• the length of the rod overlap;
• Location of the connection point in the structure and its peculiarities;
• How overlaps are located one to the other.

Rules for reinforcing openings and "problem" places

Experience has shown that flaws such as cracks often arise in close proximity to apertures and dividers. The entire secret is that there seems to be a lot of tension in the masonry itself in these locations. Two rows of reinforcement should be placed above the doorways, directly in front of them. Additionally, windows are reinforced twice, but only from the top and bottom of the building.

Adjacent sections of the house with varying elevations are also troublesome areas where cracks can appear. Variations in vertical tension lead to the appearance of splits and other defects.

Reinforcement is added in the following manner to strengthen these areas: it is positioned in the final three rows of the lower portion of the house, with the center of the horizontal mesh coming to the joint and half of the reinforcing elements leading into the upper portion of the structure.

There are a few guidelines that must be followed when reinforcing brickwork, just like in any other construction process.

Plan for installing reinforcing mesh around a window aperture

Following completion, a matching statement of work is created. Only in this way will you be able to construct a building with strong, long-lasting walls that will really benefit from construction.

Here are the fundamental guidelines for strengthening masonry:

1. The mesh should be immersed in the mortar completely, so that none of the edges peek out.
2. Black metal reinforcement should be painted before use.
3. The joints should be 4 mm thicker than the bars.
4. In the process of building construction it is necessary to use the same thickness and other indicators of reinforcement or reinforcing mesh.
5. If the reinforcing mesh was chosen for reinforcement, it should have a width such that the ends of its parts protrude on one of the partitions by a few mm
6. In the case that you make the mesh yourself, it is not necessary to use welding. The best way to fasten the elements is to use binding wire.

2.1 Mesh hardware

Two types of reinforcing mesh are available for reinforcement:

• lightweight (if the wire diameter is up to 10 mm);
• Heavy (diameter over 10 mm).

Light mesh, with a diameter of no more than 5 mm, is frequently used to reinforce brickwork; data are recorded during the work process. There are several types of mesh that can be used when building: wire-spot welded masonry, cold-rolled cut sheet mesh reinforcement, and so on.

Meshes made of various materials can also be utilized. These days, composite and basalt products are highly sought after.

Consequently, basalt meshes are intended to connect the facing masonry with bricks and to reinforce masonry walls. Additionally frequently utilized for internal non-bearing masonry partitions.

The following are some benefits of basalt reinforcing mesh:

• is not subject to rotting;
• does not conduct current;
• easy to install, has a light weight;
• low thermal conductivity;
• high thermal resistance;
• the thickness of the joint is reduced;
• universal.

Composite masonry meshes are made of glass and posts made of basalt and plastic.

Utilizing basalt meshes to strengthen brickwork in masonry

They are comparable to their basalt analogs in terms of consumer and technical indicators. Additionally, composite meshes have far more advantages over metal products. beginning with the pricing strategy and concluding with corrosion resistance, strength, and lightness.

2.2 Reinforcement of masonry walls: material consumption

Every building project requires the use of a significant quantity of materials. In case you choose to undertake the construction task on your own, it is crucial to generate precise computations and a report.

Maintaining a precise accounting of the amount of reinforcement used and the work completed during the reinforcement of brickwork walls will help to prevent unforeseen expenses. You should never cut costs on materials or buy inferior analogs.

The building’s lifespan could be shortened if you make financial savings at this point in the building process.

As previously stated, it is crucial to buy the same reinforcement for each indicator, beginning with the column’s thickness and concluding with the material type (the ideal choice is basalt or composite).

Therefore, brickwork reinforcement is a straightforward but essential construction process.

To reinforce the plaster, the floor screed, and the masonry, basalt mesh is utilized.

It is imperative that this be done, keeping in mind all applicable norms and regulations. Information about these is documented during the work process. It is advisable to receive training and education in order to perform reinforcement independently if you choose not to consult specialists.

It should be kept in mind that this seemingly simple step could determine how long the walls or the building as a whole last. It is best to figure out how much material you’ll need right away and buy it, that way you can save money on reinforcing brickwork later.

Any structure can be strengthened with a variety of reinforcing materials. It is advisable to select the highest-quality options rather than cutting corners. As previously mentioned, it is preferable to select composite and basalt equivalents; metal reinforcement products are already starting to become outdated and do not perform well when compared to more contemporary material types.

Methods of reinforcing their peculiarities of performance

It is crucial for a beginner builder to comprehend the various reinforcement techniques, which are selected based on the properties of the structure and the loads placed on it. This indicator indicates that the following options are available for use:

1. Transverse reinforcement.
2. Longitudinal reinforcement.
3. Vertical reinforcement.

Preparatory procedures must be followed regardless of the reinforcement strategy selected. They amount to nothing more than getting ready every material that is needed, specifically:

• Soft wire necessary for tying the reinforcement.
• Metal angles.
• Mesh with suitable mesh sizes.
• Rectangular strips and bars.
• Steel bars.
• Metal painting compound.

One of the upcoming operations’ peculiarities is that only one kind of reinforcing unit may be used. Using the mesh and rods at the same time is not recommended. Let’s examine each technique for masonry reinforcement in more detail. What technological features do they have?

Transverse reinforcement: function and specifics of performance

When transverse tensile forces during masonry compression need to be countered, this kind of reinforcement is required. It is utilized in the building of solitary columns, partitions, and exterior walls.

The following meshes, whose cell shapes vary, and separate applications of construction reinforcement with a diameter of 3–8 mm are permitted for this type of reinforcement:

• Square.
• Rectangular type.
• Zigzag.

In the first two cases, wires ranging in thickness from 3 to 8 mm are used to manufacture the mesh reinforcement. The size of the bar determines the pitch for the cells, which ranges from 3 to 12 cm.

This kind of reinforcement has mesh placed every five rows. After four rows, if larger and heavier building materials are being used. Every third row is where the mesh should be placed for ceramic stone masonry reinforcement. To regulate the presence of reinforcement during masonry work, the ends of the mesh must be pushed outward by two to three millimeters. The parts that protrude are either plastered or cut off after the work is finished.

Crucial point Mesh joints should have a minimum spacing of 15 cm between them. At least 25 cm should be used when reinforcing the masonry face layer.

Another way to create reinforcing mesh is to create zigzag cells with a 5–10 cm spacing between them. Its precise value is determined by the bars’ thickness, which is rarely greater than 5-8 mm. As per the guidelines for transverse reinforcement, the mesh is positioned following two rows of brickwork.

Kindly take note! It is important to keep in mind that the quantity of reinforcing mesh required for the project must equal at least 1% of the volume of any masonry columns or partitions.

Use corrosion-resistant materials for the reinforcement of the face brickwork, such as mesh. It can have a composite reinforcement mesh, like basalt reinforcement, or be coated in an anticorrosive material made of steel.

Purpose of masonry reinforcement

The brickwork is reinforced during the construction of walls and partitions using the reinforcement method. The technology inserts reinforcement rods or pre-made steel mesh into the mortar between masonry joints.

In the following situations, masonry reinforcement is required when constructing walls:

• wall structures are subjected to significant compressive loads;
• the building is erected on subsidence or sinking soils;
• Construction is carried out in zones of probable seismic activity;
• work is carried out at sub-zero temperatures.

Saturation of reinforcement should not exceed 1% of the volume of masonry.

Types of reinforcement

There are two kinds of reinforcement: transverse and longitudinal. By absorbing the elongation forces, the bars increase the masonry’s ability to support more weight by preventing the wall material from collapsing due to tensile and buckling effects. Intersecting mesh reinforcement is used to reinforce walls and pillars.

The wall’s operating scheme determines the type of reinforcement needed.

• When working in compression, vertical reinforcement, as in columns, is assumed;
• if bending loads prevail, horizontal reinforcement is used, similar to slabs;
• In case of simultaneous impact of multidirectional loads, reinforcement is carried out for the prevailing loads.

Because the mesh has both longitudinal and transverse bars, it can accommodate most kinds of loads.

Additional tasks are frequently carried out by longitudinal reinforcement. For instance, it provides a foundation for plaster layers or other materials used for internal and external finishing. The orientation of the element with respect to the wall surface—vertical or horizontal—distinguishes longitudinal reinforcement.

A wall or partition’s load-bearing capacity can be increased by carefully planning the reinforcement of the masonry with wire or mesh in the horizontal plane. This also creates a dependable connection between the masonry’s face and the brickwork layer.

The purpose of reinforcement is to preserve the structural integrity of the building, so it’s critical to select the best configuration for the reinforcing belts, taking into consideration the weight, wind, snow, and occasionally seismic loads in the specific construction site. Generally speaking, the design choices regarding the selection of reinforcement options are based on all of the aforementioned initial data.

Metal mesh for reinforcement

GOST R 57265-2016 governs the use of masonry mesh in both private residential and commercial construction.

The introduction of numerous lightweight, porous wall materials to the market has made it possible to build walls and partitions for a significant fraction of the cost. Further techniques of masonry reinforcement were necessary due to the combination of lightweight blocks, bricks, and heat-insulating materials in wall constructions.

The purpose of walls and partitions is to guarantee the reinforcement of masonry through their strength and dependability. The following variations make use of it:

• when erecting brick walls less than two bricks thick;
• bonding in the masonry of blocks, insulation and bricks;
• Brick partition walls "on the rib";
• Construction of brick fences and posts.

The most popular type of reinforcement used in masonry is factory-made masonry mesh, which is positioned in horizontal joints and constructed in compliance with SP 15.13330.2012 using corrosion-resistant materials or coatings. The best choice for a protective coating is galvanizing.

Spot welding technology is utilized in the production conditions of boiler manufacturing.

The source material consists of smooth wire B-1 as per GOST 3282-86 and corrugated wire BP-1 as per GOST 6727-80. The distance between the base or bar’s neighboring wires determines the cell’s size. Generally, the only difference between products made by different manufacturers is the size of the cells. The most typical cell parameter range is 5×5 mm to 45×45 mm.

The thickness of the wall to be erected determines the grid parameters to be used. The standard offers multiple finished product width options, all of which are multiples of the size of a standard brick: 0.5 m in 2, 1 m in 4, 0.38 m in 1.5, and 0.25 m in 1 brick. The wire’s projecting ends indicate that the sheet’s maximum width is 2350 mm. Wires placed perpendicular to one another and welded at their intersections form the card.

Net lengths typically don’t go over 6 meters. Each card can be individually cut to the exact dimensions that the customer requests.

The amount of mesh used per cubic meter of brickwork is a crucial indicator. It has an average of 3 m².

When the rods are welded together in an overlapping pattern, the total diameter of the working and strapping steel rods is used to calculate the product’s thickness.

The thickness of the masonry joint determines the mesh thickness. A protective layer of mortar that is at least 2 mm thick on all sides of the mesh is required by building regulations, along with a joint thickness of 10 to 16 mm.

A minimum rod diameter of 3 mm is recommended by building regulations. It is feasible to lay a mesh no thicker than 6 mm in a typical 10 mm joint, meaning the rods will have a 3 mm diameter. The maximum variation allows for a joint of 16 mm and a maximum mesh rod thickness of 12 mm.

The material designated as "Masonry mesh 3Vr1 50/50 1500" can be interpreted as a mesh consisting of longitudinal-transverse rods, measuring 1500 mm in map width. The mesh (rod pitch) is 50 x 50 mm and is composed of BP-1 wire with a diameter of 3 mm. The same method is used to label and interpret products with different parameters.

Laying

Basic guidelines for brickwork reinforcement:

• The reinforcement mesh is laid every three rows on the fourth row – if standard-sized bricks are used.
• Laying the mesh starts on the first row of masonry. Reinforcement of the first row with mesh
• For silicate thickened step of laying – on each 3rd row.
• Corner reinforcement nets are laid on each 3rd row with overlap of at least 15 cm.
• The length of nets when reinforcing the corner joints of masonry, – not less than 1 m in each direction.
• If the masonry is performed "under the expansion", then the mesh is placed in the joints with an indentation that takes into account the type and depth of expansion.

Brick fence construction follows similar guidelines.

Bonding of the wall layers

Wall structures frequently have two, three, or more layers. There are numerous choices, such as:

• If the wall is made of brick on the outside and foam blocks on the inside;
• the vent facade is clad with clinker bricks;
• the masonry is made in a "well" method with filling the voids with heat-insulating materials;
• the existing operating wall of the building is clad with bricks.

The choice to use mesh is made on an individual basis for each situation, taking into consideration the unique construction. Broadly speaking, the reinforcement needs to be done gradually while maintaining the horizontality of the mesh layer that has to be installed. Anchors connecting the layers occasionally take the place of the mesh.

Other types of mesh

The manufacturing material distinguishes the meshes from one another. Steel products are, of course, the industry leader in brickwork tradition. However, there are alternative solutions that work well with brick walls.

CPVS

It is believed that the cut-and-stretch mesh (CPVC), also simply called "cut," is more durable than the standard steel version. It is constructed from sheet metal that has been cold rolled. The diamond-shaped mesh cells are a unique feature.

There are several benefits to the material:

• easy to cut and cut;
• has a low weight, simplifying work with it;
• is cheaper than similar reinforcement mesh;
• can be used for thin masonry;
• it can be fixed in the masonry with adhesive compositions.

Rolls are produced, have an anti-corrosion coating for protection, and are simple to cut to the desired size. The best material for building a small brick private house is thought to be CPVC.

Basalt mesh

Because of its numerous benefits, basalt masonry mesh has emerged as the most popular mesh for supporting brickwork in recent years.

• provides flexible connections between the wall and the cladding;
• easy to cut with ordinary metal scissors;
• resistant to most aggressive media;
• has dielectric properties;
• Combines, except for brick, with almost all wall materials;
• has low thermal conductivity.

One significant practical benefit is that basalt analog is roughly three times less expensive than metal products.

Nuances of material selection

Steel mesh producers occasionally use wire with a smaller diameter or fail to maintain the mesh’s size while still declaring the product’s specifications in compliance with regulations. By comparing the actual weight of the purchased meshes with their reference value, you can verify the quality and foil any fraudulent activity by the manufacturers. There shouldn’t be a weight differential of greater than 5%.

One more unpleasant moment can be noted when choosing mesh for reinforcement. Sellers began to indicate in price lists and various advertising materials non-existent features of meshes. For example, the price list indicates "masonry mesh for bricks" – how and by what signs is defined exactly this purpose of the material? And you can also meet a mesh for aerated concrete or for the foundation. This is unscrupulous marketing, nothing more, and there is no faith in such statements. The purpose of such nonsense can be calculated, but not worth it. And it is necessary to believe the regulating documents, norms, standards, – they do not have such a division of mesh on the spheres of application.

It is important to reiterate once more the obvious conclusion that, in situations where it is unnecessary, reinforcement should not be used. Here is a quote from SNiP II-22-81 to support this claim:

"Reinforced stone and stone structures:

6.75. Mesh reinforcement of horizontal masonry joints may only be used in situations where raising the masonry’s grades of bricks, stones, and mortars is unable to give the element the necessary strength and cannot result in an increase in the element’s cross-sectional area."

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Mesh Type	Recommended Placement
Longitudinal	Every three to four rows
Transverse	Every second to third row
SNiP Recommendation	Varies based on regional regulations, consult local building codes

Selecting the appropriate mesh is essential when it comes to strengthening the brickwork in your house. The mesh gives the structure more stability and support, especially in regions where there is a high risk of earthquakes or strong winds. When it comes to distributing loads and preventing cracks, longitudinal and transverse mesh work in concert.

As per the Building Codes and Regulations (SNiP), the positioning of the mesh inside the brickwork holds significant importance. Generally, the mesh needs to be embedded every few brick rows, though this will vary based on your building’s specifications and local laws. By doing this, the wall’s reinforcement is dispersed uniformly, fortifying it against future stress.

Think about things like corrosion resistance, mesh size, and material strength when choosing the mesh for your brickwork. Galvanized steel mesh is a well-liked option because of its robustness and resistance to adverse weather. To ensure that the mesh is effective in reinforcing your brickwork, make sure it also complies with applicable building standards.

Just as crucial is making sure the mesh is installed correctly. It needs to be firmly fixed inside the mortar joints to avoid moving or shifting over time. By hiring skilled specialists to handle the installation, you can make sure that the mesh is positioned correctly and effectively strengthens your brickwork.

To sum up, strengthening your home’s brickwork is crucial for increasing its longevity and structural integrity. Your brick walls can be made much stronger and more stable by selecting the appropriate mesh, installing it correctly, and adhering to SNiP placement guidelines. By making a quality reinforcement investment now, you can avoid future expensive repairs and maintenance, giving you security and peace of mind for years to come.

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