Radiation heating system of private and apartment building

The heating system is essential to maintaining a comfortable and warm home. Radiation heating is one cutting-edge choice that is becoming more and more well-liked. Infrared radiation is emitted by radiation heating systems, in contrast to conventional forced-air systems that use vents to force hot air into a space, warming objects and surfaces. This approach has a number of benefits that make it a desirable option for both individual residences and apartment buildings.

The efficiency of a radiation heating system is one of its main advantages. Radiation heating minimizes energy waste by directly warming the surfaces in the room, as opposed to traditional heating systems that may cause heat loss through ducts or vents. In addition to ensuring even heat distribution, this targeted approach eventually lowers utility bills and energy consumption.

Radiation heating systems also provide unmatched comfort. Radiation heating offers a soft, even temperature throughout the room, in contrast to forced-air systems that may cause drafts or uneven heating. It is a sensation that improves comfort and well-being in any living space to imagine walking barefoot on a warm floor or savoring the warm embrace of radiant heat on a cold night.

Radiation heating also has the benefit of being flexible and adaptable to various building types. Radiation heating systems can be tailored to fit different architectural layouts and tastes, whether you’re designing a brand-new private home or renovating an old apartment complex. There are various options available to cater to the specific requirements of any space, ranging from radiant floor heating to radiant panels mounted on walls or ceilings.

Radiation heating systems also provide better indoor air quality. Radiation heating distributes heat without the use of air movement, in contrast to forced-air systems that can move dust, allergens, and other particles around. This can help to maintain a cleaner and healthier indoor environment, which can be especially helpful for people who have respiratory or allergy problems.

In conclusion, the radiation heating system offers both private residences and apartment buildings an effective, cozy, and versatile heating option. It makes sense that an increasing number of homeowners and developers are using this cutting-edge heating technology to create comfortable living spaces because of its capacity to reduce energy waste, offer consistent warmth, and improve indoor air quality.

Device and principle of operation

A private home’s radial heating system is configured considerably more intricately than a constant, or so-called triginum. It has a different set of pipes for bringing hot coolant to each floor radiator and returning it to them. The principle of action suggests that it is similar to an individual’s circulatory system, with veins collecting reverse blood flow and arteries carrying oxygen. Every organ or part of the body has a place for both veins and arteries. The circulation pump is a model for how the heart pumps blood through veins and arteries.

He uses a hot collector to force hot liquid from the boiler into the radiators; gravity returns the liquid to the collector.

Advantages and disadvantages

The heating system’s radiation wiring is superior to the trigeminal in the following ways:

• supply to all radiators of the coolant of the same temperature;
• The rapid revolution of the coolant allows you to quickly warm the whole house;
• the possibility of maintenance and repair of one radiator while maintaining the functionality of all the others;
• the ability to set a separate temperature for each room and quickly control this regime;
• The absence of hidden compounds reduces the risk of leaks under the floor or in the walls;
• Hidden pipes installation improves the aesthetic impression made by interiors;
• The convenience and speed of the system installation.

Such a wiring scheme has the following drawbacks:

• high cost of materials and equipment;
• the total length of the pipes is several times higher than with a trigeminal scheme;
• additional area (or separate room) is required to place collectors on each floor.

Generally speaking, operating savings and conveniences swiftly offset the increased cost of materials and installation.

The main structural elements

Collectors are the most crucial part of radiation wiring. Every floor of a two-story (or multi-story) home must have a collector cabinet when designing a radial heating system. Collectors and automated or manual regulatory reinforcement are installed in cabinets for easy access during regular operations and emergency or periodic services.

Greater hydrodynamic stability of the entire heating system is provided by the smaller number of compounds when compared to trigeminal wiring.

The circulating pump, which makes up the second part, creates the pressure in the system needed to supply heated coolant into radiators through pipes and collect return.

Selection and installation of the circular pump

The option of a lower hot fluid supply in radiators is most frequently selected for the radial heating system. It uses a circulation pump to guarantee forced circulation. Its power ought to be sufficient to maintain a pressure that enables the coolant to get to even the furthest heat exchangers—heat floors included.

Over the system rings, forced circulation quickens the coolant turnover. By doing this, you can lessen the temperature differential between the heating circuit’s inlet and outlet. With a heating efficiency like this, one can reduce the boiler power or have more power available in the event of severe weather.

The device’s power and number of revolutions are determined by two primary factors that are considered during selection:

• performance, cubic meters per hour;
• pressure, in meters;
• noise level.

The diluting pipes’ diameter, total length, and maximum height difference with respect to the pump installation height must all be considered in order to make the right choice. Engineers and technicians use specific tables provided by manufacturers when performing calculations.

Experts advise observing the following guidelines when installing the pump:

• Devices with a wet rotor are mounted so that the shaft is located horizontally;
• Devices with a built -in thermostat are mounted closer than 70 cm from the heating boiler in order to avoid erroneous triggers;
• The circulation pump is mounted on the return section of the pipeline system, since its temperature is lower and the device will last longer;
• Modern heat -resistant pumps can also be placed on the feed highway;
• The heating circuit should be equipped with a device for the release of air plugs, it can be replaced by a pump with a built -in air valve;
• The device should be placed as close as possible to the expansion capacity;
• Before installing the pump, the system was flushed from mechanical pollution.

It is advised to connect the boiler control system and the pump through a sufficient power voltage stabilizer if the installation site’s mains parameters do not differ in stability. If power outages are frequent, there should be a reliable source of power available, such as a battery or an electric generator that starts on its own.

Without a circulation pump, there is frequently a temptation to maximize system costs. This option is theoretically acceptable for small, one-story buildings. There will be a decline in heating efficiency. It is best to use the pipes of a larger section when utilizing natural circulation. Furthermore, the expansion container needs to be positioned at the building’s highest point.

The choice and role of the distribution collector

This most crucial component of the system distributes the boiler’s hot coolant flow along distinct wiring rays. The fluid that provides the heat is collected by the second collector and sent back to the heat exchanger for further heating. If lowering the coolant temperature is necessary without altering the boiler’s operating mode, the return valve has the ability to transfer a portion of the reverse flow into the main circuit.

The market provides collectors with rays ranging from two to eighteen. Collectors come with automated thermoregulating valves or reinforcement that can be locked or adjusted. They assist in determining the necessary temperature range for every beam.

A contemporary method for effectively warming both individual residences and apartment buildings is the radiation heating system. Radiation heating warms objects and surfaces directly, providing a comfortable environment without the need to circulate dust or allergens, in contrast to traditional heating methods that rely on blowing hot air through vents or using radiators filled with water. In order to maintain constant warmth, it emits infrared radiation, which is absorbed by furnishings, floors, and walls before being gradually released. Because of its energy efficiency, this system keeps heating expenses down while evenly distributing heat throughout the room. Whether you’re building a new home or remodeling an existing one, radiation heating systems can improve comfort and reduce energy use in your home.

Scheme of connection of radiation wiring

Pipelines are typically installed in a cement screed that is created on a black floor. The corresponding radiator’s floor is where the second end is removed, and the first end is connected to the suitable collector. The last floor is put down on top of the screed. A vertical line is made in the channel during the installation of a radiation heating system in an apartment building. Every floor has a pair of collectors of its own. In certain instances, they are connected directly to the first floor collectors if there is sufficient pump pressure and few consumers on the top floor.

Air valves are positioned on the collector and at each beam’s end to help combat traffic jams.

Preparatory work

In order to get ready for installation, the following tasks are completed:

• set the place of placement of radiators and other heat consumers (underfloor heating, heated towel rails and t.P.);
• carry out the thermal calculation of each room, given its area, ceiling height, number and area of windows and doors;
• choose a model of radiators taking into account the results of thermal calculations, the type of coolant, pressure in the system, calculate the height and number of sections;
• make trace of straight and reverse pipelines from the collector to radiators, taking into account the location of doorways, building structures and other elements.

Tracers come in two varieties:

• rectangular perpendicular, pipes are laid in parallel to the walls;
• free, pipes fit along the shortest route to the door and radiator.

Although the first kind is more aesthetically pleasing, it uses a notably greater amount of pipes. And the last floor and flooring will close all this beauty. As a result, owners select free tracing more frequently.

It is convenient to use free computer programs for pipe tracing. These programs will assist with the tracing process, enable you to accurately measure the length of the pipes, and provide a statement for the purchase of reinforcement.

System installation

If water was selected as the coolant, then laying a radial system on a draft floor will necessitate taking several steps to minimize transport losses and prevent freezing.

There should be enough space between the draft and the last floor to allow for thermal insulation.

It will be necessary to lay a layer of heat-insulating material over any concrete overlap, also known as a foundation plate, if it serves the draft floor.

Sufficiently flexible metal-plastic or polyethylene pipes are used for radiation trace applications. 16 millimeter pipes are used for radiators with a maximum thermal power of 1,500 watts; for a more potent diameter, the diameter is increased to 20 mm.

They are arranged in corrugated sleeves that provide the required room for thermal deformations as well as extra thermal insulation. In order to keep the sleeve from moving while the cement screed is being applied, it is clamped or screeded to the black floor after one and a half meters.

Next, a layer of foam, polystyrene foam, or dense basalt wool that is at least 5 cm thick is applied as thermal insulation. Plate dowels are also required to secure this layer to the black floor. It’s time to fill the screed. Thermal insulation is not required if wiring is done on the second floor or above.

It is imperative to bear in mind that the flooded floor should not have any compounds underneath it.

A system with a single pair of collectors is frequently utilized if the pressure produced by the circulation pump, a few consumers, the second attic, and the other factors are sufficient. Stretch pipes from first-floor collectors are connected to second-floor consumers. After being gathered into a bundle and transported to the second floor via a vertical channel, the pipes are bent at right angles and directed to customer placement locations.

It’s crucial to keep in mind that, for a given tube diameter, the minimum bend radius must be observed when bending. It is best to use a manual pipeline for bending, and it is viewable on the manufacturer’s website.

Enough room must be left at the vertical channel’s exit point to accommodate the placement of a rounded area.

Radiation system and warm floor

Warm sex systems blend in perfectly with radiation trace. It is possible to fully forgo the heating radiators and heat the house only at the expense of the warm floors placed in each room with a qualitative calculation of thermal parameters. Compared to radiator heating, there will be less dust spread in this situation because convection air flows will be substantially less intense.

It is advisable to adhere to the following guidelines when designing underfloor heating:

• A layer of thermal insulation with a reflecting layer of metal foil or lavsan film with spraying is mounted on the draft floor;
• pipes are mounted according to the radiation scheme;
• radiators are connected, and the system is tested under the working pressure of at least 24 hours;
• If there are no leaks anywhere, you can pour a screed and arrange a finishing floor and flooring.

You can precisely account for the coolant flow and establish the temperature regime in each room if we outfit the collector with a flow meter and a heat-regulating reinforcing reinforcement. Many owners even install remote-controlled motorized valves. Each room’s temperature sensors are part of a computerized control system that they are linked to. Depending on a number of factors, including wind direction and weather, the system can modify the amount of coolant supplied to each beam. In this instance, the unique comfort and stability of the temperature regime are guaranteed.

Prior to pouring cement screed, the pipes and a layer of thermal insulation material need to be firmly fixed. It’s crucial to make sure the pipes don’t cross over while tracing. After the pipe is brought to the straight and opposite collector, it must be laid from the bay and cut off.

The system ought to be under pressure when filling the screed. The coolant temperature above the rooms should not solidify completely for up to 21 days until the screed. If not, there could be several microcormations of screed and damage to the pipe material. It is best to gradually raise the temperature to the working one so that the screed material can warm up. Typically, the temperature is set for 4-5 days.

There are several advantages to moving to a radiation heating system for both individual residences and apartment complexes. First off, compared to conventional heating techniques, the uniform heat distribution across rooms makes for a cozier living space. Because of the even heating, there are no cold spots or drafts, guaranteeing that everyone is comfortable at all times.

Furthermore, radiation heating systems have a high degree of efficiency, which could eventually result in lower energy costs. These systems optimize energy consumption by minimizing heat loss through the utilization of radiant heat transfer. In addition to providing financial benefits to homeowners, this efficiency helps lower overall energy consumption and its negative environmental effects.

Radiation heating also works well with a variety of flooring materials, such as carpet, wood, and tiles. Versus forced-air systems, which have the potential to create dust and allergen agitation, radiant heating runs quietly and doesn’t impact the quality of indoor air. Those who suffer from allergies or respiratory disorders will particularly benefit from this feature.

Moreover, because a radiation heating system can be installed in floors, ceilings, or walls, it provides flexibility in terms of layout and design. Because of its adaptability, it can be customized to meet the unique requirements and tastes of building occupants or homeowners. Furthermore, the absence of large ductwork or radiators frees up valuable space, improving the interior’s aesthetic appeal.

In conclusion, installing a radiation heating system is an effective and contemporary way to heat homes and apartment buildings. This heating method offers many benefits to both homeowners and tenants due to its energy efficiency, flexibility in design, compatibility with different flooring materials, and ability to provide consistent warmth. Transitioning to radiation heating enhances comfort and, in the long run, lowers costs and promotes environmental sustainability.

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