Operating principle of the thermostatic valve

The thermostat frequently takes center stage when it comes to keeping our homes toasty and comfortable. The thermostatic valve, however, is another unsung hero that works in the background to control the temperature. This little but vital part is what makes all the difference in the world when it comes to efficiently regulating the hot water flow through your heating system and making sure every room reaches the right temperature.

So what is the precise mechanism of a thermostatic valve? In essence, the idea is very straightforward. Think of it as an intelligent traffic officer positioned at the door of every radiator in your house. This valve opens to let hot water flow in and warm the radiator when the room becomes too cold. The valve senses when the room reaches the desired temperature and begins to close, lowering the hot water flow and preserving a constant temperature.

However, the thermostatic valve’s genius lies in its ability to perform all of these functions automatically, without requiring any input from you. Thermostatic valves are made to independently regulate temperature, in contrast to conventional manual valves that need to be adjusted constantly. This allows you to save time and energy by simply setting the valve to your preferred comfort level and letting it take care of the rest.

The ability of thermostatic valves to offer customized heating control for every room in your home is one of its main advantages. You may precisely adjust the temperature to suit the requirements of every room by mounting these valves on each radiator. For a better night’s sleep, you might, for instance, want your bedroom to be a little colder and your living room to be nice and toasty. You can customize thermostatic valves to provide the ideal amount of comfort throughout your house.

Thermostatic valves not only increase comfort and convenience but also have a major positive impact on energy savings. These valves assist in preventing overheating and consuming less energy by automatically adjusting the hot water flow based on the temperature of the room. This makes your home more environmentally friendly by lowering your carbon footprint and utility bills at the same time.

In conclusion, even though the thermostatic valve is tiny, it has a big impact on the heating system in your house. You may fully benefit from this ingenious gadget and improve comfort, convenience, and energy efficiency in your house by being aware of how it operates.

What is a three-way thermostatic valve and how it works in a heating system

The three-way valve is widely used in contemporary heating systems because it allows coolant to be qualitatively regulated by temperature rather than flow rate. After all, the most efficient way to conserve energy is to feed the radiators with water that has been optimally heated.

This article will teach you about additional beneficial uses for thermostatic mixing valves. But first, it’s important to think about and comprehend the internal workings of the three-way valve.

Varieties of 3-way valves

Depending on the device and method of operation, there are three categories into which all thermostatic three-way valves for heating fall:

• mixing valves;
• separating;
• switching.

The names of the three varieties indicate their respective purposes. The first kind of valve combines two coolant streams of varying temperatures, the second kind splits, and the third kind switches water between two lines. They are easily recognized from the outside; typically, a picture representing the principle of operation is located on the body. A three-way mixing valve looks like this:

The Herz nameplate is a mixing valve because it plainly displays the mixing of two streams.

On the dividing element, a similar designation is present. Regarding the swapping taps, there are noticeable external shape differences even though there may not be an image on their body.

Switching (right photo)and dividing (left photo) three-way valve

The ideal temperature of the heat transfer medium in the heating system’s radiators or underfloor heating circuits is reached by dividing or mixing the flows. In gas two-circuit boilers, switching is used when heated water needs to be directed to various heat exchangers in an alternate manner.

Device and principle of operation

Examine the diagram below to learn what makes up and how the most popular seat type’s thermo-mixing three-way valve operates. Three chambers are arranged inside the brass body with three spigots using a casting method, and disc valves block the passageways between the chambers. The stem, which emerges from the housing on the fourth side, is the single axis on which they are fixed.

A thermal head alternately closes the other two pipes in a three-way mixing valve, while the outlet pipe—where the mixed water originates—stays open at all times.

The way the valve works is as follows: when the stem is pressed, one flow is allowed to pass through, and when the other is allowed to pass through, the mixing chamber of the valve fills with water that is the proper temperature. Through the third spigot, it exits the element’s brass body. A thermal head with a remote temperature sensor installed in line with the diagram adjusts the force of pressure on the stem.

It’s worth going into further detail about the entire procedure:

1. Imagine that insufficiently heated coolant is supplied from the hot water side. Then the mechanism allows it to flow further and the third connection is closed. The remote sensor is filled with temperature-sensitive liquid and is connected to a reservoir (bellows) inside the thermal head via a capillary tube.
2. When the sensor is heated, this liquid expands, its volume in the tube and bellows increases, as a result, the latter begins to press on the stem of the three-way valve. The pressing torque is determined by the adjustment on the scale of the thermostatic head, which is set to the required temperature.
3. After that, cold water from the third pipe is added to the flow of heated water and the temperature of water at the outlet of the thermostatic valve remains unchanged, although the heating of the heat transfer medium at the inlet continues.
4. If the incoming water continues to get hotter than normal, the thermostatic valve can completely shut off the inlet and open the side flow to maintain the set outlet temperature. The stem is lowered to its lowest position.
5. As soon as the sensor indicates that the thermal fluid has cooled down, the thermostatic head releases the stem slightly, the valve seat on the hot side opens and the heated water is added.

The most widely used method of adjusting a three-way valve using a thermostatic head and sensor is the one that doesn’t require electricity and is very accurate and straightforward.

The separating valve operates on a nearly identical principle, with the exception that it splits a single flow into two when the stem is pressed. However, an electric actuator in the switching element changes the direction of movement; this is covered in detail in the video:

Using actuators

There are additional methods of controlling the valve besides the thermostatic head. In the manual method, the handle outside the housing is turned to determine the depth of the rod pressure. This isn’t the ideal choice, and it works best when the water entering the pipes stays at the same temperature. Using an electric actuator and servo that receives commands from a controller is an additional control method. Rotating valves, whose device is depicted in the figure, are another type of valve that is used to cooperate with various actuators:

This three-outlet valve closely resembles a standard motorized ball valve.

There are some similarities between this and a ball valve; the only difference is that the working rotary element’s orifice is shaped differently to permit simultaneous coolant flow in two directions. This system works on a straightforward principle: the actuator rotates the axis to the desired angle. A controller that receives impulses from one or more sensors controls the latter. Actuators on valves are commonly found in automated or sophisticated weather-controlled heating systems.

Valve connection diagrams for the heating system

Once you comprehend the function and purpose of a three-way valve, you can think about various connection schemes based on the element’s role in the house’s heating system. Four scenarios require the installation of a 3-way thermal mixing valve:

1. To protect the solid fuel boiler from the effects of condensation and temperature shock after sudden power cuts.
2. The coolant in the circuits of warm floors should be heated to 45 ° C, the temperature is maintained by a mixing unit with a three-way valve.
3. To maintain the required water temperature in different branches of the system.
4. When it is necessary to connect an indirect boiler to a single-circuit gas boiler.

It is forbidden to add chilled water from the radiator network to the boiler tank while it is heating up in order to prevent condensate from forming on the solid fuel heat unit. The boiler is connected using the following scheme with a bypass and a three-way mixing valve for this purpose:

This is how the plan operates. Water flows through the bypass in a small circle until the heat generator warms up. The valve starts to open and mix cold coolant from the system when the coolant in the return is heated to between 50 and 55 °C. The bypass is closed and the entire flow passes through the radiators when the heater is in the operating mode. In the video, this subject is covered in further detail:

That is what this element does in a floor heating system. The coolant is forced through the heating circuits by the circulation pump until it begins to cool. When this occurs, the three-way valve opens, supplying hot water from the boiler to the closed circuit. The sensor and thermal head are also activated. The scheme illustrates how to correctly install the warm floor manifold, pump, and valve using your hands:

The valve keeps the water’s temperature between 35 and 45 degrees Celsius while the pump circulates the water through the floor heating circuits.

The piping between a buffer tank, or heat accumulator, and a solid fuel heat generator serves as an illustration of how to use and connect this crucial component. The supplied coolant’s temperature should range from 70 to 85 °C in order to sufficiently warm the entire system; this is not required for radiator heating systems. The temperature can be lowered with the use of a separate circulation pump and the three-way valve that is mounted behind the tank.

Two mixing valves are used in the scheme with a heat accumulator and TT-boiler, and each one controls the temperature in its own circuit.

Vital. Keep in mind that the pump needs to be installed on the side where the three-way valve is always open when installing the mixing valve.

Using a hydrostrel and a distribution manifold, numerous consumers could be connected to a large cottage’s intricate heating system. And a coolant with a variable temperature should be supplied to each circuit. There is no regulating valve on the supply to the indirect boiler because it requires the highest. Three-way valves are used to connect the other consumers, who need a colder heating medium.

A three-way valve is included in each circuit of the plan because different temperatures of water must be prepared. The only item directly connected to the comb is the DHW boiler.

A 3-way valve is also required in a system that includes a single-circuit gas boiler and an indirect heating boiler. At the controller’s command, the element’s job is to change the heating medium’s flow to the DHW boiler coil (actuator actuates).

The valve alternates the flow between the two lines while the coil heats the boiler, leaving the heating inactive.

Budget elements with fixed water temperature

Simplified three-way valves with independent operation are permitted in basic country house heating systems that use heat energy from the TT-boiler. It does not require a thermal head with a temperature sensor or a stem in order to function. Installed inside the housing, the thermostatic control element is set to a specific outlet water temperature, such as 60 or 50 °C (as indicated on the housing).

The design and schematic diagram of a valve featuring an integrated regulating element

This kind of thermostatic mixing valve never modifies the coolant outlet temperature; it always maintains a constant temperature. There are therefore benefits and drawbacks to using these fittings:

1. The advantage is the lower price than the cost of the thermal head assembly. The difference is significant – about 30%.
2. Disadvantage – it is not possible to regulate the heating of the outlet heating medium. When the element is set to 55 °C from the factory, it will always supply water at this temperature ±2 °C.

Advice: Carefully review the technical documentation on the solid fuel boiler before purchasing a valve with a simplified design. It frequently outlines the minimum temperature of the return coolant. Further details regarding the application of mixing valves are available in an independent publication.

Conclusion

A very helpful feature of a private home’s heating system is the thermostatic three-way valve, which enables efficient use of the heated coolant and consequent fuel savings. Furthermore, this small detail helps to extend the service life of solid fuel boilers by acting as a safety precaution. However, installing a valve needlessly or in any other manner is not a good idea; instead, you should always speak with an expert in this area.

How to install and adjust the thermostatic valve correctly

When heating a room, it is crucial to not only establish a cozy atmosphere but also to make sure that fuel usage is reasonable. These tasks are aided by the installation of thermostatic valves on the heat circuit segments where heat exchangers are connected. The use of thermo valves to control the underfloor heating system’s heating level is particularly practical.

Purpose and functions

The nodes of pipelines carrying hot working media have thermostatic or balancing valves installed. The pressure and temperature of liquids or gases that flow from the main line to the heat exchangers or dispensing devices can be controlled with this type of pipe fitting. The use of a regulating element lowers the cost of the working environment by making the operation of the heating and water supply systems energy efficient, making it convenient to control the space heating system and the water intake in kitchens and bathrooms.

A balancing valve is used in water supply systems to modify the characteristics of water that comes out of a tap or shower. The regulating element is typically mounted on bathroom and kitchen faucets in private homes, as well as in public restrooms. Here, the proper proportion of hot and cold water is mixed thanks to regulation from the thermo valve.

The thermocouple in heating networks keeps heat exchangers and heat circuits at the proper temperature. In order to regulate the coolant’s temperature, it is typically installed at the inlet to the radiator, register, or horizontal heat-exchange circuit—a warm floor or a warm baseboard. The thermostatic valve is used to adjust the head of the working medium, which controls the heating of heat exchangers. The heating apparatus controls the energy carrier’s heating level.

Classification of thermostatic valves

There are many different types and varieties of thermostatic valves, but they all share the following structure:

• body – coupling or tee,
• valve – regulating or locking mechanism,
• valve with thermostat – control mechanism.

The following criteria are used to categorize thermostatic valves:

• body design,
• placement of the regulating valve,
• purpose,
• flow regulation method,
• control method.

The body construction of the thermostatic valves listed below sets them apart:

A tee is the body of a three-way thermostatic valve, while the bodies of direct and angular thermostatic valves are straight and angular couplings, respectively.

The control valve location can be:

• axial – the valve is located opposite one of the branch pipes on its extension, the valve is called axial;
• side – the valve is located perpendicular to the body, on the side, the valve with a side valve has no additional name and is called only by the shape of the body.

The purpose of thermal valves distinguishes them:

• radiator – for connection of heat-exchanging devices,
• mixing or mixing valves – for regulating water head and temperature in water taps and floor heating systems,
• switching – for changing the direction of the working medium flow in heating and water supply circuits,
• separating – for distribution of the working medium into two streams.

The following classification of balancing valves is based on flow regulation methods:

• adjustable or open-regulated valves – the pressure and temperature can be adjusted at any time, the valve is controlled without special keys;
• closed or pre-adjustment valves – the parameters of the working medium are set during the installation of the system, for their readjustment requires a specialist and a set of special tools.

Differentiate between thermovalves according to the control method:

• manual – adjustment is made by turning the valve,
• automatic – equipped with a thermal head that reacts to changes in temperature and pressure of the coolant,
• remote control – equipped with a remote thermocouple that reacts to changes in the room temperature, with the possibility of setting the optimal range.

Peculiarities of installation and adjustment

Some challenges occur when installing thermovalves on various pipeline sections.

By being aware of the installation’s specifics beforehand, the following problems can be avoided:

• Before installing the regulating device, the supply of the working medium in the section to be repaired is switched off, the residual water is drained off.
• In the course of liquid or gas supply, a valve is installed in front of the thermocouple, which can be used to disconnect the unit with a thermovalve if necessary.
• Thermal valves in heating networks are installed on the supply pipe, when connecting to heat exchangers – on the inlet pipe or on the pipe section before it.
• In a two-circuit system, a restrictor is installed on the return pipe after the outlet of the heat exchanger to reduce the flow capacity of the return circuit. In this way, the pressure balance in the radiator is achieved, no rarefaction and no blowing occurs.
• Automatic control valves and remote thermocouples for remote control must be installed in such a way that they are in contact with the room air. Calibration elements must not be hidden behind curtains, furniture or decorative covers.
• If located below 80 cm from the floor, the thermocouple may cool down, as the coldest zone is located below, and incorrectly regulate the temperature in the room.
• The thermostatic element is not installed vertically, so that the upward flow of warm air from the heat exchanger does not affect the accuracy of the device. The valve must be positioned in the direction away from the heat exchanger.

Kindly take note! The accuracy of setting the working environment’s parameters is adversely affected if the thermoregulator is exposed to direct sunlight, warm air from operating heating devices, or electrical equipment. As a result, avoid installing the thermostat close to appliances like refrigerators, boilers, water heaters, and stoves.

• In a house with central heating, the regulating valves on the radiators should be installed only if there is a bypass or a jumper pipe between the supply and return pipes. Otherwise, the thermostatic valve will regulate the pressure in the riser and the temperature not only in the "own" battery, but also in the neighbors" batteries.
• To connect radiators and heating registers, angle or straight thermovalves are selected depending on the geometry of the piping. The valve should be axial to prevent accidental mechanical impact on it, e.g. when moving furniture.

Kindly take note! On the left or right side of the radiator, there are devices made specifically to be installed. Avoid installing the valve in the wrong direction as this will cause the regulation to be disturbed and the valve to open under working medium pressure rather than a temperature change.

• Valves with a side valve are installed in the underfloor heating system to facilitate access to adjustment.
• In front of water outlets in a private house or apartment, it is optimal to use a mixer equipped with a thermostatic valve or a thermo-valve with manual adjustment.
• Water supply systems in public premises should be equipped with thermostatic valve with remote control or pre-setting to exclude the possibility of interference in the operation of the system by unauthorized persons.
• FUM-tape should not be used as a sealant at the threaded connection of the thermostatic valve with the pipeline, as it may leak at the slightest reverse course of the thread at the temperature expansion of the spigots. Reliable connection is obtained by sealing the assembly with sealing threads: polymer or linen with heat-resistant paint.

Installation of a thermovalve in a floor heating system

There are unique requirements when installing a thermovalve in a horizontal heat-exchange circuit. Since underfloor heating typically uses polymer pipes, the heat transfer medium’s temperature needs to be lower than that of radiators. Furthermore, it keeps the floor from getting too hot, making it more comfortable to walk on. Thus, the primary function of the thermovalve is to keep the temperature in the pipes at a level that is safe for both the pipes and the occupants of the home while still allowing for the creation of a comfortable environment.

It’s critical to select and install the appropriate thermostatic regulator for the room’s size and intended use.

• Non-residential areas and small living rooms. In a corridor, bathroom or kitchen, as well as in small rooms, underfloor heating can be the only source of heat – as a rule, it is enough. The working medium does not need high pressure to pass through the short circuit, so a simple thermostat without any underfloor heating is used. If the water coming from the boiler is hotter than allowed, the valve closes, keeping the hot water out of the pipework and preventing the pipes and floor from overheating. At the same time, the heat transfer medium remains in the pipes and continues to give heat to the floor. When the working medium in the heat-exchange circuit cools down, the valve opens, hot water enters the pipes, which when mixed with the cooled water reaches the desired temperature.
• Small living rooms where the floor heating is an additional source of heat. As a rule, the main heating is provided by the heat output of the radiators, and a heat circuit under the flooring adds comfort. The thermostatic valve with underflow is installed at the inlet to the first of the room"s batteries, to regulate the head of the incoming hot water from the boiler. Another thermostat that regulates the temperature of the energy carrier coming after the radiators into the water floor piping is cut into the return pipe.
• Large living spaces or a single heating circuit in a private house. Install three-way thermostatic valves with mixing, i.e. with connection to the cold water supply system. Such a thermo valve regulates the distribution of the working medium to the radiators and water floor: the coolant with a temperature of 90 degrees is supplied to the radiators or registers, and for supply to the horizontal heat exchanger to the hot water is mixed with cold water, the finished mixture with a temperature of about 50 degrees heats the floor. Such a system can heat rooms in several ways: with simultaneous operation of radiators and floor heating or with the inclusion of only one circuit, when there is no need for a large heat transfer surface.
• In public buildings or apartment buildings, the heating network is complex and branched, as the rooms need to be heated for different purposes and areas. Several heating circuits and a mixing unit are installed, which contains a three-way valve with mixing, supplying the heat transfer medium of the set temperature to the collector. The collector has branches to each circuit from the collector. If individual temperature regulation is required in each room, separate thermostatic valves can be installed.

How to regulate the heating system with a thermostatic valve

Once the thermo valve is installed, it must be calibrated so that additional heating control can be achieved with the least amount of human involvement possible:

• Fully open valve.
• Wait until the air temperature stops rising.
• Fully close the balancing valve.
• When the room is at a comfortable temperature, gradually open the thermostatic valve again.
• When the enclosure is warm again, stop the opening process and leave the control valve in this position until a new setting is required.

Thermostatic valve for water heating systems for installation on radiators

Thermostatic valves for water heating systems offer a fantastic way to establish a consistent temperature throughout the home.

It’s good when the house is warm and comfortable and there is frost outside the window. However, if the house is overheated, will it still be enjoyable? Most likely not. A thermostatic valve is a useful invention that has been made to stop this from happening.

Consider a thermostatic valve to be the intelligent controller for your house’s heating system when you comprehend how it operates. It controls the flow of hot water in your radiator to maintain the ideal temperature in your room, much like a traffic cop. The valve opens to let in more hot water when the room becomes too cold. On the other hand, the valve shuts off to stop extra heat from entering when it gets warm enough. It uses a clever mechanism that responds to temperature changes to accomplish this. In summary, by only heating as much as necessary, the thermostatic valve helps you stay comfortable while also conserving energy.

Thermostatic heating valve – purpose

The radiator’s inlet opening is intended to be automatically opened and closed by the thermostatic valve in heating systems. once a specific temperature is attained in the room. Put another way, you can install a thermostatic valve on the radiator if the space is too hot. thereby raising the room’s temperature to a more comfortable level. Moreover, thermal valves are made for convectors and radiators made of steel, aluminum, or a similar material. That applies to appliances that rapidly heat up and cool down. Cast iron radiators are suitable for thermostatic valve operation. It is incredibly ineffective, though.

Thermostatic valve VALTEC: angular, featuring a thermal head

Even in situations where the radiator heats up slowly, a thermovalve may still be useful. if there is an imbalance in the home heating system. As an illustration, the boiler’s initial radiators are heating up quite a bit, while the final ones are barely warm. However, this bias can be fixed by adding thermal valves to the first radiators in the coolant system. And undoubtedly to get those radiators, which had previously heated sporadically, to heat up more strongly.

Thermostatic valve and regulating valve – differences

The use of thermostatic valves on a single-pipe heating system is particularly pertinent, but only in the event that the system is not in use. That is, if the radiator connection has been replaced with a bypass. There may not always be a bypass. This means that the coolant flows through each radiator sequentially. You can only cause harm by installing a thermostatic valve on such a system. Since the thermostatic valve will cut off the power to every radiator that follows it. Therefore, it is preferable to install a regulating radiator valve on the flowing system if it is absolutely required for any reason. And don’t shut it down entirely.

The difference between the control valve and the thermostatic valve is the ability to adjust the gap for the passage of coolant – more or less. The thermostatic valve on the contrary can only be in two positions. Firstly, it is open up to a certain, previously adjusted level. Secondly completely closed. Therefore it is not necessary to put a thermo valve on a flow heating system without bypasses. Because, when the valve is closed, the circulation of the coolant throughout the system will stop. This will create cooling and unbalance in the heating system. It will also have a negative effect on the heating boiler. The situation can be aggravated if the safety valve is missing or not functioning properly. So there can be a breakthrough in any of the weak points of the system.

Thermostatic valve – operating principle

The main advantage of a thermostatic valve is the possibility to automate the maintenance of a certain temperature in the premises. The thermostatic valve does not need to be adjusted manually every time. The temperature in different rooms can be set differently. For example, in the corridor +20°C, in the bedroom +24°C, in the bathroom +22°C. By turning the adjusting knob against the mark, the room temperature can be adjusted. As a rule within the range from +5 ° C to +28 ° C. That is, +5 ° C – the minimum temperature so that the system does not freeze. And here +28°C is the maximum level of the so-called room temperature, comfortable for a person.

Thermostatic valve device

The thermo-head, which is mounted on the thermostatic valve, contains the mechanism that automatically controls the temperature. Indeed, it’s a thermocouple. It has a bellows inside of it, a closed corrugated system that adjusts in size. bellows containing a unique material. When this substance is exposed to air temperature, it changes all of its properties, including volume.

If you adjust the thermal valve, say, at +22 ° C, then when the air temperature in the room drops to +21 ° C, the substance in the bellows will decrease in volume. This will undoubtedly reduce the pressure on the valve stem. The valve will open and the coolant will heat the radiator. The air temperature in the room will increase. When it reaches +23°C the substance in the bellows starts to expand and presses on the valve stem. The valve will close and the coolant will bypass the radiator. The radiator will stop heating and the air temperature in the room will decrease. And so on. In a closed circle. Maintaining a constant room temperature.

Types of thermo valves for heating systems

Thermostatic valves come in a variety of varieties. They are not the same:

• (a) By method of installation;
• b) by type of heating systems;
• c) by the type of substance in the thermocouple;
• d) by the type of thermocouple;
• e) by type of regulation;

By method of installation

There are three types of thermostatic valves: axial, angular, and straight. additionally for installation on the radiator’s left and right sides. This is something to think about when purchasing a thermostatic valve.

Thermostatic valve Herz straight

Additionally, there are three-way thermostatic valves, where the "radiator-bypass" node is used for regulation. They make it possible to regulate the temperature regime more effectively and sensibly. The coolant is directed to the by-pass and the radiator’s passage is closed once the room temperature reaches the desired level. The main coolant flow is directed through the radiator and the bypass is partially closed as soon as the room temperature drops.

Axial thermostatic valve HEIMEIER

By type of heating systems

The definition of thermostatic valves varies depending on the kind of heating system they are utilized in. For two-pipe heating systems, there are thermostatic valves with a small coolant passage. additionally for single-pipe systems that have a greater passageway and flow capacity. When buying and installing them, it’s crucial to avoid confusing them. If not, the system won’t function correctly. or won’t function at all. particularly when adding thermostatic valves to a one-pipe system that is intended for a two-pipe system. Thermostatic valves, on the other hand, are designed by the manufacturer to function in both heating systems.

According to the type of substance in the thermocouple

Thermostatic valves for gas, liquid, and wax are the different categories. Here, the cost of a thermostatic valve and its operating speed are directly correlated. The gas ones are the most costly and fastest. Paraffin ones are the least expensive and slowest. And in the middle are the liquid ones, like these.

By type of thermocouple

Thermostatic valves have either a thermal head or manual control. Of course with the possibility to buy and install a thermal head separately. And also in the more advanced version – remote thermocouple. In case of remote thermoelement, the thermo-element is installed away from the radiator, heating pipes, open windows and other sources of possible failure of the set temperature regime. A remote thermocouple is also used when the radiator is located in a wall recess or is covered with a decorative grille. And also when using dense curtains. The length of the capillary tube is standard 2 meters. In more expensive variants up to 8-10 meters. An even more complex and expensive system is the control of the temperature sensors of each heater by a microcontroller.

Remote sensor-equipped Herz thermal head

By type of regulation

Distinguished into thermovalves with open regulation. In them, the gap for the passage of coolant can be adjusted at any time. And also on valves with presetting. In these systems, the gap is adjusted with a special, separately purchased key. Such valves are usually installed in large multi-storey and apartment buildings. Preliminary adjustment is carried out by specialists, guided by special calculations and according to the project. Heat consumers can no longer adjust the thermo valves, thus throwing off the balance of the heating system as a whole. Incorrect adjustment of one or more radiators in a cottage will in most cases cause only minor damage to the heating system. The same situation in a large building can cause a serious imbalance in the system.

Gaining an understanding of a thermostatic valve’s workings can greatly improve the comfort and heating efficiency of your house. These valves function by detecting the room’s temperature and modifying the hot water flow into the radiator as necessary. With the precise temperature control made possible by this straightforward but clever mechanism, you can always be sure that your living areas are comfortable without wasting energy.

A temperature-sensitive element, frequently filled with a wax that expands and contracts in response to temperature changes, is the brains behind a thermostatic valve. Wax expands in response to heat and presses against a diaphragm or pin inside the valve, reducing the amount of hot water flowing into the radiator. On the other hand, the wax shrinks as the room gets colder, allowing more hot water to enter and heat the area.

The ability of thermostatic valves to control the temperature of certain rooms or zones within a house is one of its main advantages. As a result, you can adjust the heating levels to accommodate various tastes and usage patterns, increasing comfort while reducing energy use. You can lower your environmental effect and save money on heating bills by only heating the rooms that really need it.

One easy and affordable way to improve your heating system is to install thermostatic valves. They are a convenient option for both new construction and existing homes because they can be retrofitted to most radiators without requiring extensive plumbing work. Thermostatic valves are a wise investment for anyone trying to increase the comfort and efficiency of their home heating system because of their simple operation and potential for large energy savings.

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