Mode maps of boilers – who develops and approves

Boilers are essential to keeping our homes warm and comfortable. These appliances heat water effectively, and the heated water is then distributed throughout the house through pipes to give warmth to various rooms. On the other hand, following certain rules and guidelines is necessary to guarantee the efficient and secure operation of boilers. The mode maps, which specify the boiler’s operation under different circumstances, are a crucial component of boiler operation.

However, who precisely creates and authorizes these mode maps? In the context of home insulation and heating, it’s a question that’s frequently overlooked but has big implications. Regulatory agencies, industry professionals, and manufacturers work together to develop protocols that guarantee boilers function at peak efficiency while reducing energy use and environmental effect.

The creation and approval of boiler mode maps is primarily under the control of regulatory bodies. These organizations—which are frequently appointed by the government—are in charge of establishing guidelines for emissions control, safety, and energy efficiency. They hope to safeguard customers, encourage environmentally friendly behavior, and push technological advancements in the heating sector by laying out precise rules.

Organizations and associations within the industry also aid in the creation of mode maps by offering their knowledge and experience in the field. Professionals from a variety of fields, such as engineering, manufacturing, and environmental science, frequently make up these groups. They contribute to ensuring that mode maps represent the most recent developments and industry best practices in boiler technology by combining their collective knowledge.

Boiler manufacturers are also essential to the development and approval of mode maps. These businesses create and manufacture the equipment, so they have a deep understanding of its possibilities and constraints. Manufacturers help shape mode maps that are practical and efficient in real-world applications by working with regulatory bodies and industry experts.

In conclusion, a multi-stakeholder process that gives priority to environmental responsibility, efficiency, and safety is involved in the development and approval of mode maps for boilers. In order to guarantee that these crucial parts of home heating systems function at their best, giving households warmth and comfort while consuming the least amount of energy and having the least negative impact on the environment, manufacturers, industry associations, and regulatory bodies all contribute their expertise.

Developers	Approvers
Boiler manufacturers	Government regulatory bodies
Engineering firms	Local authorities

Regime maps of boilers – who develops and approves

A boiler regime card is a written record based on balance tests and mode-adjustment. It includes the heater’s primary operating and control parameters, efficiency rating, precise fuel consumption at various capacities, and other information.

To operate the boiler correctly and competently, a mode map must be created. Every three to five years, the document is revised or created.

What does the mode map of the boiler?

The majority of the indicators, most of which are included in this document, are expressed as percentages. These indicators give us information like:

• gases in percentages: carbon, oxygen, carbon monoxide;
• the volume of gas that is outside the boiler structure;
• efficiency of the unit (gross, net);
• the amount of heat losses that accompany the combustion of fuel (including gas);
• the amount of heat loss due to chemical underburning;
• the percentage of heat that is lost during the operation of the heaters.

There are a few more indicators in the mode map of boiler operation in addition to these primary ones:

• the volume of steam that is generated during a certain time interval;
• steam temperature at the outlet
• Air pressure in burners;
• gas pressure.

Every indicator has a unit of measurement, such as degrees, pascals, etc. There must be regime charts on every boiler.

The primary benefit of this document, which lets you keep an eye on the unit’s performance, is that you can use it to independently track any changes in functionality. Assume for the moment that you are aware of the air pressure required for a specific load on the method. Furthermore, the apparatus needs to be safe and the fuel needs to burn entirely.

What it should be

Regardless of how the flow chart examples are created, they must respond to the following queries:

1. What actions or procedures should be taken.

2. How to execute (details particular actions in a predetermined order and sequence).

3. The frequency at which they ought to be made (periodicity, regulated regularity).

4. The estimated time of execution (the maximum amount of time needed to complete each step individually and all at once; frequently, a "fork" from and to is mentioned).

5. What is anticipated at the output (the outcome following the completion of the procedure).

6. Production-related resources (a list of the equipment, supplies, and other resources required at each stage of the process).

Purpose of the document

The mode map’s objective is to display the boiler unit’s operating parameters, such as temperature regimes, gas and air pressures, etc.д.) at which the fuel burns most completely and steadily and the operation is both safe and efficient. The operating parameters for the various boiler operating modes are derived from experience and presented in the form of a table (or, less frequently, a graph) in the document. Typically, the boiler unit is operated at 30%, 50%, 70%, and 100% of its heat output.

The parameters in the table include:

• heat output of the boiler unit;
• water pressure before the boiler, inside the boiler and in the heating system;
• Gas pressure and air pressure;
• fuel composition and/or characteristics;
• temperature mode of boiler operation;
• Gross efficiency and net efficiency ;
• hourly fuel consumption;
• additional hourly energy costs (power supply, additional type of fuel, etc.); t.д.);
• rarefaction in the furnace chamber ;
• heat losses with flue gases;
• heat losses through the boiler drum and t.д.

The specific list of items is contingent upon the unique characteristics of the boiler apparatus. The primary prerequisite is that it must serve as a manual for operating the boiler unit in various operating modes and list all the variable parameters of boiler operation.

Core Functions

Technological map examples are essential for more than just passing Rospotrebnadzor commissions. They also have a useful meaning within the company. A document like this makes staff work and special authority inspections much easier.

This requirement stems from the knowledge that experts with entirely different qualifications—including relatively low ones—can be employed at the same production facility. An example of creating an enterprise flow chart is provided in order to guarantee that the employees involved in the divisions possess the necessary level of competence. Their primary purpose is therefore training.

The second goal is to control a specific course of action when there are various options for work. Developing professionals frequently select the most logical approaches.

Making sure that current professionals are involved in the new process and quickly upskilled is the third goal. And to help them with this, a well-thought-out and prepared instruction is needed.

Therefore, the flow chart should be designed so that even the lowest-skilled worker in the company can understand it intuitively and that knowledgeable specialists can figure out the necessary hints on their own from the work.

What the gas regulator map contains

Reflects the regulator’s exact address, location, type, model, and other information. It includes the regime test date as well as the document’s validity period.

The values listed below are considered:

• inlet pressure;
• inlet (operating) pressure;
• the setting of the limit for activation of the safety shut-off valve;
• the setting limit for the shut-off valve actuation (minimum pressure);
• setting limit for the shut-off valve operation (maximum pressure).

Similar to any other internal working document, the regime card is created in compliance with the organization’s current regulations. There is an indication of the developer. organized, authorized, and implemented by a company-wide internal directive (legal entity).

Validity period of the regime card

As stated in RD 10-179-98 The boiler regime map’s validity is three years. "Methodical guidelines for the development of instructions and regime maps for the operation of pre-boiler water treatment units and for the maintenance of water-chemical regime of steam and hot-water boilers" It is required that the boiler owner amend and reapprove the card following the end of the designated period. The terms of revision remain unchanged irrespective of the operational environment.

Conditions for early revision

Nevertheless, in the event of an accident or when the boiler equipment is altered, the periodicity could be broken, as in:

• When changing the type of heat carrier or its chemical properties;
• in case of change of fuel type or serious change of its main characteristics (calorific value, ash content, dryness, gas pressure, etc.); e).д.);
• when replacing or finalizing the boiler unit modules (burner, combustion chamber, heat exchanger, etc.).д.);
• when changing other main parameters specified in the mode card – water/air pressure, heat capacity, rarefaction in the furnace chamber, etc.

If the aforementioned modifications have been made, repeated regime-adjustment work is completed, and a new document is drafted and approved in compliance with the updated operating parameters.

Adjustment of CWP system and water-chemical regime of boilers

Cl. 12 Rules of technical operation of thermal power installations (PTEETE) is followed when making adjustments to the chemical water treatment system and water and chemical water treatment. At least once every three years, pertinent actions are taken.

When hot water and steam boilers’ water-chemical regimes are properly organized, you can effectively solve issues like:

• bringing the purity of feed water and superheated steam to the specified parameters;
• minimization of scale and sludge formation;
• weakening the intensity of corrosion formation processes to a minimum, safe level.

In order to complete these tasks, specialists choose and assign initial water softening measures based on preliminary data. They also decide what kind and quantity of reagents to add to feed water in order to raise pH, bind dissolved oxygen, and prevent corrosion.

When choosing techniques for deaerating the heating system’s make-up water and steam boiler feed water, developing water treatment technologies, and creating guidelines for managing the water-chemical regime, factors like:

• source water quality;
• the purpose of the boiler room and the conditions of its operation;
• sanitary requirements for water or steam-heat carrier;
• design features of the equipment used and the requirements of its manufacturer;
• operational safety requirements.

Modifying the water-chemical regime will ensure that power equipment operates dependably. The lifespan of boilers and pipelines will be extended, and their dependable and secure operation will be ensured, through the management of feed water quality, prompt chemical analyses, reagent selection, and BWR execution.

In understanding the mode maps of boilers – who creates and approves them – it"s crucial to grasp their significance in optimizing heating systems. Mode maps, essentially, are like guides that show how efficiently a boiler operates under different conditions. They"re developed and approved by experts in the field, often engineers and technicians with deep knowledge of heating systems. These maps outline the range of operation for a boiler, detailing factors like temperature, pressure, and fuel consumption. Regulatory bodies or industry standards organizations typically oversee the approval process to ensure safety and efficiency standards are met. Ultimately, these mode maps serve as valuable tools for both manufacturers and consumers, aiding in the design, installation, and maintenance of effective heating systems for homes and buildings. Understanding who develops and approves these maps sheds light on the expertise and collaboration involved in ensuring our heating technologies function optimally.

About the procedure for filling out the regime cards

Numerous tests and measurements must be performed, and these are done during the manufacturing and commissioning phases in order to finish this type of documentation. There are unique businesses that focus only on commissioning work. It is their responsibility to conduct the testing. Though it is possible to perform additional calculations, this is done every three years.

In actuality, the mode chart is just a regular table with a specific number of columns (usually two to five). The number of columns is solely determined by the operating modes to which a specific boiler model is intended to be adapted. Such regimes can take four forms:

It is challenging to determine the exact number of lines because each of the aforementioned indicators will be included separately.

Crucial! When defining parameters, the unit of measurement is included in the first column and does not require its own column.

Furthermore, the boiler’s mode map may also be represented as a graph, though this is obviously uncommon due to its specificity and potential inconvenience.

The cards are not produced in one piece. One of them should come with the boiler, usually in the form of a sticker, and there should be at least two of them, though more are possible. You can make multiple copies of the document if you are unsure about its security. Additionally, the document must bear the seal or, at the very least, the name of the company that carried out the commissioning procedures if the user was to have complete faith in the map.

As previously stated, the card includes a few more indicators in addition to the primary ones. These include the appliance’s performance, the dependence of gas pressure, and the relationship between gas pressure and air pressure, among other things. All of this is necessary so that the boiler’s installer or owner can precisely adjust the boiler’s operation based on the card, while also accounting for intermediate loads.

Sample of regime card for gas hot water boiler

Sample for DKVR-10-13 gas steam boiler unit

Sample mode chart of a solid fuel hot water boiler

Sample for liquid-fuel diesel DKVR-4113

Because the parameters outlined in the document depend on the type of boiler, its model, modification, piping, fuel, and coolant used, it is important to keep in mind that there isn’t a universal sample mode map for gas, solid fuel, or liquid fuel boilers.

Example of filling in the mode map

Type of steam boiler: DKVR-10/13.

Natural gas is the fuel.

№ п.п.	Name	Units of measurement	%	%	%	%
–	–	–	57	61	68	82
1	Steam capacity	t/hour	5,70	6,11	6,79	8,17
2	Water temperature at the boiler unit inlet	ºC	78	78	78	78
3	Boiler inlet water temperature	ºC	115	120	122	125
4	Steam pressure in the boiler drum	bar	7,0	7,1	7,3	7,3
5	Gas temperature upstream of the burner	ºC	12	12	12	12
6	Gas consumption	st.m3/hour	448,83	480,89	534,32	642,26
7	Gas pressure up to the regulator	bar	1,25	1,25	1,25	1,25
8	Gas pressure after regulator	kPa	4	4	4	4
9	Gas pressure at the burner	kPa	0,3	0,4	0,5	0,7
10	Damper position	degrees	open	open	open	open
11	Air pressure at the burner	mbar	0,10	0,14	0,18	0,24
12	Combustion air temperature	ºC	21	21	21	21
13	Pressure in the furnace (rarefaction)	mbar	2	2	2	2
14	Behind the boiler	mbar	8	10	15	15
15	Behind economizer	mbar	15	17	27	27
16	Flue gas temperature after the boiler	ºC	208	218	226	236
17	Composition of flue gases after the boiler:	–	–	–	–	–
– CO2 (carbon dioxide)	%	8,1	8,7	8,9	9,3
– O2 (oxygen)	%	6,5	5,7	5,1	4,5
– CO (carbon monoxide)	ppm	0	0	0	0
– NO (nitric oxide)	ppm	55	56	60	65
18	Excess air ratio after the boiler	–	1,40	1,33	1,29	1,24
19	Temperature of flue gases after the boiler unit	ºC	98	104	110	117
20	Composition of flue gases after the boiler unit:	–	–	–	–	–
– CO2 (carbon dioxide)	%	5,8	6,3	6,7	7,1
– O2 (oxygen)	%	10,6	9,8	9,0	8,4
– CO (carbon monoxide)	ppm	0	0	0	0
– NO (nitrogen oxide)	ppm	38	41	45	48
21	Excess air ratio after the boiler unit	–	1,91	1,78	1,67	1,60
22	Boiler efficiency (gross)	%	92,48	92,58	92,64	92,73
23	Specific consumption of fuel equivalent for generation of 1 Gcal	kg y.t/Gcal	154,41	154,24	154,14	154,00

Boiler regime chart sample moech

Furthermore, the boiler’s mode map may also be represented as a graph, though this is obviously less common because of its specificity and potential inconvenience.Source: Tested sections with the same duration and mode of operation are used to compare the hydraulic characteristics of pipelines that are not subject to testing.1.

3.4. The equivalent roughness of the heat network’s pipelines and the heat consumption systems during their hydraulic calculation is accepted based on the data gathered during the heat network’s testing.1.3.5. Using the reference data from reference annex 1, nr., the heat network capacity test is carried out.

Individual heat point (ITP): scheme, principle of operation, operation

These devices are intended for water and space heating.Large or multi-family buildings are serviced by a sizable individual heat supply unit.

It can hold up to 2 MW of power.The following functions are provided by the individual heating station:

1. Regulation and control of circulating fluid parameters.
2. Shutdown of the heat consumption system.
3. Heat and coolant consumption metering.
4. Uniform distribution of the coolant over the heat consumption system.
5. heat carrier.
6. Protection of the heat supply system against emergency increase of the coolant parameters.

1. Long-term operation of individual heat point has shown that modern equipment of this type, in contrast to other non-automated processes, consumes 30% less
2. Operating costs
3. High economic efficiency.

Mode cards for heat supply units of heat-consuming plants. Heat supply unit operation mode card sample of filling

These devices are intended for water and space heating.Large individual heat sources are used to heat large or multi-unit buildings. It can hold up to 2 MW of power. The following functions are offered by the individual heat point:

1. Metering of heat and heat carrier.
2. Regulation and control of circulating fluid parameters.
3. Protection of the heat supply system against emergency increase of the coolant parameters.
4. Uniform distribution of the heat carrier over the heat consumption system.
5. Shutdown of the heat consumption system.
6. Conversion of the type of heat carrier.

1. Operational
2. High economic efficiency.
3. Long-term operation of individual heat point has shown that modern equipment of this type, in contrast to other non-automated processes, consumes 30% less

Operation of heat points

Lists of required instructions, schemes, and other operational documents that have been approved by the organization’s technical head are set up in the production services.

Document lists are updated at least once every three years. 3.

The equipment, shut-off, control, and safety valve designations and numbers on the diagrams, drawings, and instructions must match the designations and numbers on the actual equipment.

Before commissioning, instructions, schemes, and drawings for any modifications made to thermal power installations during operation must be signed by the responsible party, indicating their position and the date of the modification. All employees (with an entry in the order log) for whom knowledge of these instructions, schemes, and drawings is required must be informed of any changes to the instructions, schemes, and drawings.

Plans are displayed prominently in the room of the designated thermal power unit or at the employees’ place of employment who maintain the heat network.

Is it possible to draw up this kind of document in a different way??

However, there are other methods of document execution besides the one we have presented. When the boiler’s burner is an injector burner, also known as a horizontally slotted burner, the so-called auxiliary form of the map is utilized. Additionally, there has been a slight alteration to the document’s structure: the placement of individual units has taken the place of the standard air pressure. Among these units are those that control the air supply:

• Air control damper.
• Curtain gaps located on the blow sheet.

Additionally, the bypass window’s air proportioning device and profile dampers’ locations are indicated.

The majority of common mode maps also include economizer maps. These charts are only necessary during the economizer testing process, following which a unique statement displaying the outcomes of every test and measurement is created. A thorough technical report is created in order to provide the most comprehensive explanation of the heater’s capabilities and features (in fact, it’s essential that you comprehend everything while performing repairs and adjustments). Only the measurements and investigations—or perhaps other processes—that have been conducted are relevant to this report.

In the event that a device has been retrofitted with a new configuration, the technical report ought to specify how the updated configuration aligns with the modernization’s initial goals. In this instance, it would be ideal if every procedure carried out was examined.

Finally, we would like to add that in order for gas, steam, or any other type of water heating equipment to operate as effectively and efficiently as possible, a properly designed mode map of the boiler is required. It is advised that you keep this card close to the boiler at all times to prevent breaking it and confusing any of the indicators. That’s all, really; just use boilers carefully and correctly!

For homeowners looking to maximize the efficiency of their heating systems, it is essential to comprehend the regulatory framework underlying boiler mode maps. These maps are created and approved by government agencies or trade associations, and they show how well boilers perform and operate under different operating conditions.

In order to guarantee that boilers function properly in a variety of scenarios, a thorough testing and analysis procedure is involved in the creation of mode maps. This covers a range of elements, including fuel type, pressure, and temperature. Manufacturers can prove regulatory compliance and offer consumers dependable and effective heating solutions by upholding established standards.

Mode map development and approval are frequently supervised by government agencies. They set standards and specifications that boiler manufacturers have to adhere to in order to guarantee boiler performance and safety. By ensuring that heating systems run effectively and consume less energy and have a smaller negative impact on the environment, this regulatory oversight helps shield consumers from potential risks.

Apart from governmental intervention, industry associations may also play a role in the creation and endorsement of mode maps. These organizations might create best practices or voluntary standards that surpass legal requirements, encouraging creativity and quality in the heating sector. Participation in these initiatives is one way for manufacturers to show their dedication to sustainability and quality.

All things considered, the process of creating and approving boiler mode maps is crucial to guaranteeing the dependability, security, and effectiveness of heating systems. Manufacturers can contribute to environmental conservation efforts and give consumers confidence in their products by adhering to established standards and regulations. Knowing the value of mode maps and choosing boilers that satisfy their heating requirements while consuming the least amount of energy and money can help homeowners.

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