Kuznetsova brick stoves classification, options, construction

Few things evoke the timeless warmth and coziness of a brick stove like heating our homes. Kuznetsova brick stoves are unique among the different varieties available because of their robustness, effectiveness, and timeless appeal. We’ll dive into the world of Kuznetsova brick stoves in this post, looking at their options, construction methods, and classification.

The first step in selecting the ideal Kuznetsova brick stove for your house is to familiarize yourself with its classification. These stoves fall into different categories according to their size, style, and intended purpose. There is a Kuznetsova brick stove to fit your needs, whether you’re looking for a small, space-saving stove or a larger one to heat an entire house.

In terms of options, homeowners have an abundance of options with Kuznetsova brick stoves. The possibilities are endless, ranging from classic styles that evoke a rustic atmosphere to sleek, modern models that mix in perfectly with contemporary decor. Furthermore, these stoves are available with a variety of fuel options, such as wood, coal, and even gas, giving users flexibility according to their preferences and local availability.

Let’s now examine how Kuznetsova brick stoves are put together. Crafted by expert artisans using premium bricks, these stoves are well-known for their durability and strength. To guarantee appropriate ventilation, heat distribution, and safety, the construction process necessitates careful planning and precision. Every stage is essential to building a brick stove that is both practical and aesthetically beautiful, from laying the foundation to assembling the chimney.

Types and advantages of caps

The following are the furnaces’ benefits:

• economy;
• prolonged heat conservation;
• small soot education;
• lack of frequent purges;
• The possibility of choosing forms and design.

They can be separated into the following groups based on functions:

1. Heating stoves. The main task of such stoves is the heating of the premises.
2. Hobs. They are used to cook food. This also includes bread plates and furnaces that are adapted for a cauldron.
3. Bath stoves.
4. Fireplaces.
5. Barbecue and Grille.
6. Combined type complexes and designs.

The Kuznetsov coil-feeding stoves are the most widely used. Not only can they provide warmth for the house, but the food they serve is exceptionally delicious.

Numerous types of capacious furnaces exist, varying in terms of dimensions, features, and designs. In spite of this, the fundamental idea upon which the stove data is constructed remains constant.

You can set up caps in almost any space. It could be a bath house, an apartment, a residential building, or an economic structure. For instance, a bathhouse’s cap can serve as a perfect substitute for a typical stove.

Now that you’ve constructed this bath furnace, you can handle multiple issues at once. This design has the capacity to heat multiple rooms, including a laundry room, steam room, and restroom. Additionally, heating water on the stovetop produces steam in parallel in the necessary amount, which is very convenient.

Two floor-colp heating units with stoves are available for the home; this installation is highly functional. Prior to constructing such a design, the project must be thoroughly planned out. An arrangement that maximizes efficiency is necessary for a system that burns raw material fuel. Maintaining the proper temperature in the furnace is essential to prevent the formation of harmful soot and resin waste from the gases that result from burning.

Brick cap

There’s no need to hire an expensive paid stove service if you choose to install a cap in your home. It is sufficient to just thoroughly examine all the intricacies of the masonry of such structures, buy the appropriate quantity of supplies and equipment, and—above all—have patience, as hurrying will only cause damage.

Large furnace construction projects are currently available on the Internet. Additionally, you can meet new people and receive helpful advice from knowledgeable stoves or from regular people in the forums that are set up there.

Thus, you’ll need:

• masonry solution (clay + water + horse manure);
• Perforator or drill with nozzle – mixer;
• Bulgarian;
• full -bodied brick designed for such work;
• gallop;
• Steel plate.

It is necessary to lay the reflective foil on the floor prior to laying the first row in order to create a sort of internal air circulation. Specifically, reroute the warm air flow, which has the potential to reverse. As a result, there is less warm air loss. It is important to remember that the reflective foil should ideally be wide enough to extend slightly past the foundation. The excess can then be severed.

To properly install the stove, you must buy the appropriate quantity of polished brick and adhere strictly to the "Colling stove is a shame" scheme.

Plan of the corporal stove

Because the furnace’s operation necessitates a continuous shift in temperature, the project must be meticulously planned out before beginning any masonry work. A floating firebox constructed of SB-8 or Sh-5 brand fireclay brick is one of the key regulations. To construct the design itself, buy ceramic bricks with a minimum brand of M 150. According to the project, special windows are installed in the lower rows for additional cleaning, and they also blew.

Each brick before laying must be sanded manually . A qualitatively thought -out ordering can provide the maximum time of the course of warm smoke inside the structure. It is worth considering that the laying of the order is performed strictly according to the scheme and does not change almost anywhere except 23-27 levels. However, it is worth considering that this is done to give the construction of a certain charm and originality. The secret of masonry of the cap of the cap is that strict rules and regulated geometric parameters do not exist. It can be built arbitrarily, meeting exclusively the requirements of the customer. However, only the technology of masonry should be observed, which, in fact, highlights this design from other. You can even lay out a kind of heated sunbed.

Departmental presence should be taken into account when installing. Furthermore, the process of heat transfer will function more effectively the more of them there are. We provide video guidance on how to install the Kuznetsov furnace.

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Facing the brick

Self-made wall plaster

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The principle of operation of the caps

The Kolpakova oven Kuznetsova, also referred to as "Kuznetsovka," was named for its inventor, and.IN. Kuznetsova, who began work on a novel heating plan in the early 1960s of the previous century. The "free movement of hot gases" is a unique technology that gained worldwide recognition and popularity right away.

Kuznetsova oven Kolpakova: the work principle

In contrast to the "forced" movement along the chimney, the "blacksmithing" method is unique in that heated gases flow through the pipe because of its inherent gravity. Physics lessons have taught us all that warm air rises and displaces cold air. However, in contrast to channel prototypes, here the heat is assembled beneath the cap rather than exiting the pipe. He cools there gradually, and rising up are impulses of Borea’s Borea to replace him.

The principle of hot gas movement is thought to be the primary distinction between the Kolpakova and the canal furnace. The smoke is pushed out of the kolpakova and appears to be stretching up the pipe in the first. The cap itself can be used as a receptacle for cooking, drying, water heating, etc. As such, the oven’s cover serves two purposes.

In other words, the functional characteristic allows for the division of "blacksmithing" into:

• bath stoves;
• furnaces for cooking (bread, hobs, for a cauldron, barbecue, grill, etc.D.);
• fireplace;
• heating stoves;
• Combined type.

The most popular are the combo models that allow you to cook and heat your entire home. Although there may be variations in form and style, the oven cap’s operating principle never changes.

The furnace’s gas movement scheme

To make it easier to understand the basic principle of the operation of Kuznetsov’s oven, imagine a bonfire, enriched in the open air. Due to unlimited access of air to the fire, the bonfire gives a slight heat. Now let"s try to cover this bonfire with a metal cap, leaving a small lumen from below so as not to extinguish the flame at all. Hot air will go up, heating the walls. Gradually cooling, the air will begin to lower to the left opening while its place is occupied by a new portion of hot air. This is the principle of free movement of hot gases, which.IN. Kuznetsov successfully applied in his development.

Design features

Even though there are currently more than 150 different design options available on the internet, all furnaces are constructed using the same methodology, regardless of their exact form or execution style. When designing the laying circuit of a cap, the designer set out to maximize both the heating system’s efficiency and productivity.

The construction of such a design is not so simple. It is imperative to strictly follow the Kuznetsov and IN order.

The location of the internal channels is a major consideration for the inventor.

The cap serves as a separate chamber for the delayed gas, reducing fuel consumption and boosting furnace efficiency.

Two caps are implied by the "Kuznetsovka’s" standard design. The upper portion of the furnace houses the second cap, while the lower one is integrated with a furnace camera. The first cap’s job is to separate the gases into streams that are hot and cold. This is precisely what sets the cap apart from the canal, where heated air freely escapes due to traction. Here, the hot gas stream that exits the furnace tends upward, staying under the first cap and retaining heat for an extended period of time.

Additionally, because the passage is at the base, the stream struggles through it to the second camera, where it lingers beneath the second ceiling as well. Consequently, hot air will retain heat in the furnace for a considerable amount of time before exiting through the chimney. This results in a high efficiency of 95%. This is 45–50% more efficient when compared to the traditional Russian furnace (channel).

The cap-stove not only involves free gas movement but also mechanical stream management. In the design, valves are incorporated for this purpose. They are able to stop and reroute hot flows as needed. The "summer" valve is intended for use during the warm months, when the furnace is utilized as a cooking hob. Hot air shoots up the chimney when the summer valve is opened; it does not pass beneath the second cap.

How to build a Kuznetsov stove with your own hands

It is worthwhile to begin by determining its proper location and doing any necessary preliminary work. The furnace’s walls should be positioned to provide enough heat for every room in the house, and its power should offset any heat loss. We sketch the location and the layout of the premises in order to do this. Fireworks should be used to dock interior partitions and furnaces. Tears between the chip pipe and rafters, as well as other wooden ceiling elements, should also be noted.

The designs for Kuznetsov’s stoves are available for free Internet access for anyone. You can only select the appropriate type and exterior from their enormous set. If required, any of them can be carried out in a mirror version. A great outcome can be fully achieved if one is determined and persistent, as evidenced by the abundance of video content and numerous explanations produced to support the construction of the Kuznetsov furnace.

Ideas like heat loss and transfer are among them. You should therefore determine how much heat your home loses before construction begins. Considerations include the materials used for the walls, the plaster, the external insulation, the double-glazed windows, the basement or foundation, the floor structure, the ceilings, and all internal finishes and partitions. plus the additional region you call home. The density of each material determines its heat conductivity coefficient; these tables have already been assembled. Consider the temperature that you find comfortable, and use formulas to determine the total heat loss in units W/m².

We now select the stove from the catalog whose heat transfer rate makes up for the loss of your house. With two furnaces operating daily, each square meter of the furnace produces about 500 watts of heat per hour; that is, a structure with a cross section of one meter and a height of two meters from four sides produces four kW of heat per day. This indicator is decreased by a coefficient of 0.6–0.7 with a one-time firebox. In contrast, a lot of foreign manufacturers claim that their furnaces are several times more powerful, but this is also explained by the furnaces’ low efficiency—efficiency being attained by using more energy.

What more considerations must be made before beginning? Every stove made by Kuznetsov is arranged like a gun, with layers of masonry. Element size minimum: 1/8 brick. The shot shows all of the holes, gaps, and distances—for instance, 3/8 and 1/4 of the brick. You can therefore construct in proportion to the appropriate structure, regardless of the material’s dimensions.

Accepted guidelines and materials recommendations:

• External masonry: clay brick 250x120x65 mm, minimum brand – M150;
• Internal masonry: brick fireproof chamota bush-8 250x123x65 mm, Sh-5 230x114x40 mm;
• seam of the external masonry – 5 mm;
• the height of the row with the seam – 70 mm;
• 100-130 kg of high-quality clay and purified sand without organic impurities, about 1 mm, at the rate of 1: 2 or finished clay-sand dry mixture at the rate of 0.2 cubic meters per 500 bricks;
• Metal fittings: valve, furnace and blower doors, grate, 2 steel corners, 5 m wire.

A solid foundation is the first step in any construction. It is constructed from bute or concrete that has been diluted with cement and protrudes 5 to 10 cm around the furnace’s circumference. The upper level is level with the house’s foundation. Moreover, roofing material or another insulator is used to cover the base. Brick is reported to the appropriate level, accounting for fire releases in the metal corners. Adding concrete mixture is not acceptable because it will cause the masonry to sit unevenly.

After the foundation is prepared, we start to arrange Kuznetsov’s stove in relation to the plan.

It is not possible to use a ball brick for fire safety reasons because doing so could result in an overheated furnace. The refractory material expands at high temperatures, so there needs to be a 5–6 mm space between the internal and external masonry. The vertical cavities are filled with kaolin wool or basalt, and the horizontal cavities are filled with paper packaging cardboard.

There are metal devices embedded in the masonry that have a 5 mm expansion clearance. The refractory wool lays this distance as well.

Why forge

But is it worth it, particularly for Kuznetsov’s furnaces? It’s because their worth justifies it. From the beginning, Igor Viktorovich was not viewed as a treasured artifact from the past or as a costly luxury item, but rather as a necessary component of the economic force of the future, which is currently the present. When the fried rooster pecked, the others realized what it meant.

Consequently, a 100 square meter home can be healed by a blacksmith for 4 kW, just like a 12 kW firebox with a "from there" brand. Which, incidentally, doesn’t mention the creation of the eternal engine but rather how branded advertisers carve out their own paths after possibly spotting a "path of happiness." Regardless, the truth is that Kuznetsov consistently receives orders from countries that are not in the stove’s tail, like the USA, Canada, Sweden, and Finland. The benefits of the forgeousness specifically are as follows:

• High efficiency – 80% for Kuznetsov’s furnaces is not marvelous.
• High fuel combustion temperature without the use of technologies and materials requiring industrial production.
• As the first consequence of the previous one – omnivorous. In the blacksmiths, any fuel burns to the ash, and the precipitation of soot is minimal.
• The second investigation is simple care: t.To. Saja burns out, Kuznetsov’s stoves can not be cleaned for years.
• A lower material intensity in combination with uniform heat transfer between the fireboxes: in a city apartment with central heating, the temperature fluctuates more during the day than in a house heated by a blacksmithing at 2 firegies per day.
• Wide possibilities of embedding a water circuit without a deterioration in the technical parameters of the furnace.
• Good traction with a short chimney, which reduces and simplifies construction and installation work when building it.
• Plasticity of the structure and appearance as a result. Further): not a deteriorating furnace, it can be designed for almost any room and design requirements.
• Automatic redistribution of traction through the channels when moving from fluid to cooling, which guarantees from the fucker: the pack is almost never required to close, it is provided for more for emergency operating modes.

Note: invented and. IN. Kuznetsov method of redistribution of traction in the root differs from the well -known gas vyushka. According to it, the stream created by the traction passes past the heated parts of the body of the furnace with special lower channels, and when the flame burns in the furnace, convection from it pulls the flow of air over itself. As a result, a separate system of ventilation system is not required. In addition, a gas break in a reverse traction when blowing into the pipe, or, conversely, stretch out in a strong wind, and in the blacksmith any flow of air will pass by everything that he could work out.

Kuznetsova brick stoves are an enduring yet efficient choice when it comes to heating and insulating your house. To meet a variety of needs, these stoves come in a variety of categories, configurations, and building techniques. Kuznetsova brick stoves offer effective heating and a dash of rustic charm to any home, with straightforward designs for smaller spaces and more complex configurations for larger ones. Looking through the many designs and features of Kuznetsova brick stoves can help you find the ideal solution for your heating and insulation needs, whether you’re searching for a multipurpose stove or a cosy fireplace.

Recommendations for independent construction

If you’ve made the decision to construct a stove on one of Kuznetsov’s divets yourself, get ready for labor-intensive and precise work. Each row is graphically represented on the schemes, but before beginning any masonry work, familiarize yourself with the following aspects of the method in particular:

• selection and preliminary processing of brick;
• purchase of metal parts (plates, shifts, doors, valves);
• determining the most suitable place;
• preparation of the base and foundation;
• the possibility of chimney equipment and others.

For the external design-ceramics (M-150), chamotical fireproof brick (Sh-5, SB-8) was found to be the best material for the "forgers’" internal masonry. Reinforcement and wire made of metal are used to strengthen the brick walls. To ensure optimal heat transfer from the stove, skilled artisans must literally hone every brick in addition to their skills. Professionals polish every detail, which is why their projects look flawless.

Masonry in chambers

With an author’s order in hand, we advise adhering to the specified order rather than experimenting. Full heat transfer is not guaranteed if the plan is abandoned.

The myth of the efficiency

Now, let’s talk about Kuznetsov’s furnaces’ high efficiency. The temperature of the furnace gas at the pipe’s output should be between 120 and 200 degrees Celsius to prevent the growth of soot and stove condensate in the pipe. This is a presumption. Furthermore, this is acknowledged by Kuznetsov, who alters the laws of physics so freely. At least, thus far. Let’s now recall the firewood’s temperature. Timber ignites at 300 degrees. The common consensus is that it burns at 600. Even so, under some circumstances, specific flame segments can reach 1000. However, most firewood starts to burn at 600.

Now, using a calculator, determine how much these numbers differ from one another. as a percentage. To make things simple, let’s say the room temperature is 10 or 20 degrees.

Not important. Regardless, it appears that the furnace can’t actually absorb 90% of the heat (unless we’re talking about perpetual motion).

If this occurs, the forced smoke removal will prevent the pipe from functioning. Not the fabled "vacuum in the stove" of Kuznetsov, but rather the traction in the pipe produces a pressure differential in height. As any heating textbook will explain, smoke exhausters are frequently used in highly efficient industrial installations. However, they are typically not found in home furnaces.

If this computation bothers you, just calculate how much heat the house loses (more on that a little below) and figure out how much firewood is needed to make up for it. Tables showing the value of the fuel’s heat-intensive ability make this process simple, even if it isn’t 100% efficient in the ideal scenario. Examine the "Objective reviews" regarding Kuznetsov’s furnaces after that. You can find the order here: http:// Clubpechnikov.ru/ pach-kuznecova/. Everything is written very beautifully and at least "heartbreaking," but I will still remove the main thesis if the numbers did not continue to alarm you.

Here is a dissertation by a truly deserving stovenik, from whom Kuznetsov discreetly "borrowed" his primary calculations, at times retelling them in his own words.

If you want to avoid getting specific, just pay attention to the year the work was published:.

The principle of the functioning of the Kuznetsovsky furnace

Kuznetsov suggested an entirely different method for constructing a brick furnace. As you are aware, hot gases that heat brick travel through channels in furnaces built according to the conventional design. The craving is the primary mechanism that drives this process. The forced method of warming the furnace body results in an uneven distribution of heat. Furthermore, it frequently results in the development of cracks in the building’s walls. Many bricks are used in the construction of such a stove, which takes up a significant amount of room in the room.

There is a question about whether there is a location where the heat exchanger can be installed. If you place this device inside the firebox itself, it loses the manufacturer’s specified service life. The heat exchanger’s strength characteristics suffer from frequent exposure to fire. A neighborhood like this also causes the furnace’s utility coefficient to drop, the conditions under which fuel burns worsen, and a lot of soot to form.

Gaza stoves constructed using the Kuznetsov technique are mobile.

The plan for Kuznetsov’s capabar furnace

The idea behind this design is to install caps—essentially, upside-down vessels—inside of it. Certain furnace models may have caps with upper holes. The vessels are arranged differently, but the primary requirement for their arrangement is the existence of dry seams—vertical, hollow fissures—between them. This creates a space up to 3 cm that does not fill in a solution or heat insulator. The gases are able to flow freely as a result, switching between vessel caps.

You must see an open fire in your imagination in order to readily visualize Kuznetsov’s capabar oven’s design. There is a small amount of heat from the fire because the air can get infinite access to the flame, but it quickly disappears from the area. If you cover the fire with a hollow vessel, like a sizable cauldron, you can alter the way the air around the fire heats up.

To avoid completely extinguishing the flame, it’s crucial to maintain the space below. Consequently, hot gas will naturally rise to the bottom of the cauldron and restrict the amount of air that can enter from the outside.

Following the heat from the vessel walls, he moves to the opening, cools down a little, and exits, leaving the next bit of heat in its place.

This kind of self-regulating process is defined by the ability to dose the external air and by holding the heated gas inside the vessel until it cools down entirely. Diagram of Kuznetsov’s capabar furnace

Kuznetsov’s furnaces operate on the aforementioned principle, and they are used right away. A dry seam connects the two caps. The efficiency of transferring sufficient heat from the stove to the room where it is installed is improved by such an unconventional design. The first cap is filled with hot gases, which heat its walls. As the gases cool, they make way for the hot stream that emerges from the furnace.

Trying to optimize this process, the inventor at its first stage, which begins after the fuel, decided divide the gas flow in accordance with their temperature. To this end, he used a partition to separate the space of the cap from the furnace. At the same time, the barrier does not reach the bottom of the vessel. As a result of such a separation, hot gases immediately rush to the set of the cap, and the stream of lower temperature is directed along the dry seam through the gap in the partition. Thus, due to the accumulation under the ardor of hot gases and the presence of a barrier in the first cap, air enters only the required amount. This contributes to the complete combustion of fuel with the formation of a certain amount of ash.

The gas movement in the cap, which is positioned over the first, is comparable.

Illustration of Kuznetsov’s cap

The hot gases gravitate toward the arch and, as they cool, transfer heat to the brick walls because there are less combustion products at the bottom of the vessel. After that, they tumble and are seen through the chimney. It is not necessary to create forced traction in the chimney because the furnace is equipped with two caps, which allow for natural gas injection and movement.

DIY Building Kuznetsov Building

Prior to creating any heating device, the purpose must be determined. More than 150 drawings of residential buildings were produced by Kuznetsov (see also "Schemes and drawings of brick furnaces – proper masonry"). Selecting a model from the range available won’t be tough. The guess is made when Kuznetsov’s stoves are made. Here, a basic heat unit version serves as an illustration.

The following is the order of events:

1. First study the premises plan where it is planned to install a heating device. In the case when the house is not erected, it is necessary to ensure uniform heating of all rooms. It is undesirable to build a heat unit in a finished building, but if necessary, you can. But at the same time, the location of the supporting structures and beams when arranging the chimney should be taken into account.
2. Then prepare the foundation for the heating device. It is created from concrete, while the width should be 10 centimeters exceed the size of the device. It is advisable to design the foundation for the stove at the stage of planning at home.

Types of Kuznetsov"s furnaces

There are numerous options because caps can be positioned in various ways, as was previously mentioned. The fact that any device’s second dome can be installed with heat transfer without compromising the combustion process also adds to the variety of thermal units. In addition, devices with any kind of combustion—upper, lower, pyrolysis, layered, etc.—can be created using this principle. While each one has some specifics, they are all achievable. On his website, Kuznetsov outlined projects with varying goals and an order. Although they are freely available for personal download, their carriage is not requested.

Fireplaces constructed using the capacious furnace principle

There are Kuznetsov furnaces for two -story houses, and they heat both levels. And there are such units with stomachs. Heating can be convection type (only from the walls of the stove) or orally water heat exchanger can be inserted. Then such an unit is called a boiler and indicated by a kick. Four finished water -heating brick boilers with a capacity of 16 kW, 17 kW, 34 kW, 64 kWs were posted in the public domain on the official website of Kuznetsov. They can be built in a tank for heating water for household needs. The boiler needs to be tied with metal corners, if necessary, you can insulate, lay a reinforcing mesh on top and plastered.

Stove heating. Gorgeous

Convection furnace options are significantly more numerous. There are twenty-five distinct projects under the heating and welding furnaces without the use of Chamotis brick OVIK section. For a heating-welding furnace with a fireplace, there are three choices. You can find the fireplace on the side, either to the right or left. These options are denoted with OVIK BC (side fireplace); OVIK BC 13l is the option that includes a stove and fireplace. with a rear fireplace situated behind the Ovik ZK marking.

Kuznetsov’s heating-welding oven appears to be highly commendable.

IOK marks heat units that are used only for heating. The letters "lying" or "l" are used in the names of guns bearing lieutenants; the letter "D" is added if an oven is present. Furnaces with fireplaces are another option available. They have OIK to attached to them. Fecal stoves PKIK1X are available. The categories for bread and greenhouses are highlighted separately.

Oven Kuznetsova OIK heating. Outstanding

Russian stoves made by Kuznetsov are identified by the RNI; the orderings of ten models—two of which have stomachs—are laid out. They have the standard hob configuration, with a sealed damper at the mouth. The stove will not operate as intended if the camera is not tight.

A Russian hat and lounger

In the section of the furnaces for the bath, Kuznetsov immediately offers the option of planning the premises indicating the dimensions and it is shown as you can “enter” suitable models there. After all, the premises of baths are usually small and if the metal stove can be placed in it easily, then the dimensional brick is already problematic. And at the same time, many factors need to be taken into account: from where it will be drowned, where the pair and the hottest part of the furnace will be exit. And here the finished options are proposed. Very convenient and it is worth saying to the author many thanks! The furnaces themselves are put into a separate category and the BIC are marked.

Bak marks Kuznetsova bath stoves. They have great qualities according to reviews and they appear presentable.

The furnace project presented in this video is created using the blacksmith’s suggested principles for building furnaces. The first half describes the principles of controlling the operation of a specific model as well as the movement of gases and how they work. The masonry process is discussed in the second. An extremely helpful and educational video.

The principle of operation and differences from other heating systems

The principle of free gas movement is based on. For air circulation in a regular furnace, the effect of external energy is necessary, that is, the creation of forced traction in the pipe. When the gases are in a closed space, in the presence of a constant heat source, they are separated under their own weight – cold settles down, hot ones rise upstairs. At the same time, in the area of high temperatures, the pressure grows, and where it is cold – energy is dropped and produced. It turns out that turbulent movement occurs automatically thanks to the laws of physics. This means that if convection flows competently directed, then thermal energy will be transferred by the masses of gas themselves. Igor Viktorovich’s merit is that he managed to subjugate the gases free movement system and use the energy they produce with the maximum efficiency. One of the examples of Kuznetsov’s oven can be seen in the photo below.

The traction pipe is not necessary when there is an electrical source of heat. The combustion product will always emerge from a stove that is heated by firewood. It gathers, seemingly beneath a cap, at the final bend in his route because of a crafty structure. Once more, he burns out there, extinguishing his heat and releasing useless gas into the street without allowing the system to cool. These stoves are also known as caps.

The basic characteristic of the gas filling of the cavities is that the same physical processes take place in every furnace compartment, regardless of the number of compartments. It is impossible to create something similar with traction, other convective methods, or the anti-flow principle (which is widely used in Europe). These stoves are innovative in the stove heating system because of this.

They self-regulate and always function in accordance with the natural principle, regardless of the configuration they are given. This demonstrated the breadth of the inventor’s engineering ideas, leading to the invention of numerous heating systems with different features and capacities:

• Russian teplushki stoves;
• stoves for baths and steamers with a water and steam temperature regulator;
• various household furnaces with hobs and beds;
• fireplace, in which the walls of the fireplace are the furnaces and, in addition to aesthetic, perform a heating function;
• for two- or three-story houses- multi-level furnaces with a transit pipe;
• a system of furnaces for various purposes in the same house that work for one chimney.

Kuznetsov’s caps can be equipped with a water boiler and represent a hot water supply system in the house, while heated from electricity. Such a reserve significantly reduces the costs.

The primary benefits of furnaces are:

1. Economy. The efficiency reaches 93%, while modern stoves give 70-80%, Russians-30%.
2. Uniform heating temporance bricks and masonry, preventing him from cracking.
3. The even distribution of temperatures prevents the appearance of a “pit” with cold air.
4. The power of the output flow is greater than the resistance, as a result of which there are no problems with fireplaces or multi -storey furnaces.
5. Smoke from burning the fireplace enters the stove moves and joins the general heating process.
6. They hold heat well even with an open valve.
7. Practically not clogged with soot.

A little story about the cap of the cap

AND. IN. Kuznetsov spent his entire life designing furnace structures. He has been producing the most efficient and cost-effective furnaces since 1962, and they continue to be highly well-liked even after more than 50 years.

Kuznetsova small baking oven

Currently, the inventor has access to over 150 stove options, many of which have extremely high performance indicators (above 90%). AND. IN. Kuznetsov keeps up his work, managing a group of experts and maintaining a website.

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Third step to the right, step to the left

In Kuznetsov’s furnaces, high loads on the material necessitate not only careful structural development but also adherence to some basic design principles. The floating firebox from the shamic brick of the SHB-8 or Sh-5 brand is the most notable of them. The ceramic brick brand used to construct the furnace’s body is no less than M150.

What is meant by the floating firebox? First, there ought to be a dry seam all around it or in the locations that the author meticulously designed. Making it is not so easy: after laying out the final row of chamotte (unless otherwise indicated in the stove’s specifications), a clay solution from the joints between the chamotis and regular brick is selected, and mineral cardboard—basalt, kaolin, etc.—is inserted in its place. P.

Construction modules that are related and unrelated

Secondly, the principle of module incoherence must be adhered to strictly. What’s that, rice is shown? Even with damping seams, no chamotte’s protrusions should fit into the grooves of regular brick. The chamotte’s heat capacity and TKR are very different from those of a "brick," and when the masonry is tramped on, the furnace attached to the furnace body will shatter it. The "Kuznetsovka" firebox ought to be a small module set inside a nest of regular bricks. The author provides a detailed explanation on the website about how to set up her access to the chimney.

Additionally, it is imperative that you adhere to his suggestions for material preparation and selection. "Kuznetsovka," despite being made of brick, is high-tech and suffers from the same negligence and replacement of Erzatsi as a rocket or submarine, substituting tin for titanium and composite materials. Though they won’t be as dire, they will still have to deal with them at home rather than reading about them in the news. and make the payment with cash.

By and large, thanks to technology: Kuznetsov’s stove can produce a neat, industrious, and hardworking novice. However, a very skilled stove, with a half-drum, who is carelessly setting up an exceptionally nice plate, or a Dutchwoman, is undoubtedly uneasy using Kuznetsov’s oven.

What is a cap

Stoves have been nearly the only cooking appliance for many centuries. However, a few designs found widespread application in the industrial sector. Developer Kuznetsov came up with an inventive idea to replace the antiquated furnace, which required modernization.

The stove’s cap differs favorably from its contents.

A brick cap that has several indisputable benefits, chief among them being the fact that hot gases generated during fuel combustion are carried out in design because of a pipe’s presence as well as a natural craving. In contrast to traditional furnaces, there is almost no chance of deformation for the cap. The heat generated by this design, even in the absence of a tightly closed valve, can last considerably longer. The reason the stove’s name is accurate is that heat rises beneath the cap. Cooling air descends and is replaced by hotter gusts.

A caption furnace is typically regarded as the top choice if the professional stove is tasked with designing a specific layout for the purpose of heating the space. This is due to a number of factors.

• Firstly, the installation process is quite simple and does not require long-term labor costs.
• Secondly, there is no need to calculate the height of the pipe to create traction, as in a classic Russian furnace.

Cleaning the channels is not necessary while the heating structure is operating.

I want to draw attention to the fact that the cap’s efficiency is roughly 93%.

Analyzing the cap’s operating principle allows us to make a comparison with basic laboratory knowledge. You will need an ordinary glass of water and a cigarette (brand does not matter) to accomplish this. The steps are as follows: first, turn the cup upside down, then, bring a fluffing cigarette from below. The smoke that arises from burning cigarettes rises at first, to the bottom of the glass, specifically. He retreats back down the walls as he cools.

Stove design and operating concept

The design is based on this idea. Because there is no way for heat to escape from under such a cap until the air cools, the losses of thermal air are essentially eliminated. Thus, the natural circulation of hot gases serves as the primary source of warm air. Furthermore, the layout of the cap is completed in accordance with the project as agreed upon and complies with all applicable standards and requirements, the most important of which is the observance of fire safety precautions.

It is noteworthy to mention an additional benefit. Most importantly, this is the capacity to warm up as evenly as possible. Nevertheless, it will take longer for the design to heat up and release enough heat to heat the surrounding area the thicker the wall is.

Cooling down, the cold air exits through channels designed specifically for tanning, avoiding the caps. This suggests that the heated air is constantly contained within, while the cold air is released into the outdoors. As a result of the formation of an internal gas traffic jam that stops warm air leaks, the cap is shielded from cooling.

One of the best-performing structures for cooking as well as heating can be said to be the cap. First off, compared to other heating sources, the heat produced during fuel combustion lasts longer. Second, because every aspect of the design was carefully considered and the cold masonry does not react with the hot, the stove does not crack even after extended use. Thirdly, there is very little chance that soot will accumulate in the furnace’s ventilation systems. Most importantly, because there are no weighting components, for example, the furnace’s design is relatively light.

Materials and tools

You will require the following in order to install the furnace on your own:

1. Bricks of two types: red full-bodied (brands not lower than M150) and heat-resistant chamota (SHB-8). Shamot and red krypichi differ in their properties: chamotarian brick heat -resistant, but more fragile, and red brick holds moisture well and is used mainly as facing them to calculate their number up to one if you carefully study the order. But as practice has shown, 3-4% of the total number should always be in stock (in case of marriage and fighting bricks).
2. Sand and cement in a ratio of 3 to 1, or a ready -made factory dry mixture packaged on bags of 25-30 kg. For 500 bricks – about 0.2 m3 of dry mixture. The composition of the mixture made in the factory: red natural clay, quartz sand, molding sand
3. Cast iron casting – door and ash chambers, doors of the treatment holes, grate, furnace valves, breaks. Cast iron furnace valves are made to order by exact sizes so that there are no cracks that pass the air
4. Wire for ligation of brickwork (about 5-7 m), up to 2.5 mm in diameter. The dressing is carried out every 2 rows along the outer contour.
5. Two steel corners for overlapping the furnace chamber. The length of the corner is determined depending on the design of the furnace
6. Reinforcing mesh for the foundation. The thickness of the metal bar and the size of the cell is determined depending on the load on the foundation

From the necessary tools:

1. Turnom of the Mason, Hammer, Celma, Examination. The brown tool should always be kept with you, so as not to be distracted every time while working in search of the right currently
2. Buckets or other tanks for kneading solution. Preparing a solution for masonry is a responsible matter: the better the solution is mixed – the more reliable the masonry joints will be
3. Measuring devices: hydraulic or laser level, plumb line, square, roulette. All devices greatly facilitate the process of building a furnace, and it is important to learn how to use them correctly
4. From the power tool, a grinder and an electric drill with a mixer nozzle will provide great assistance.

What is Kuznetsov’s cap and where it is used by advantages and disadvantages

In the middle of the previous century, Kuznetsov started working on projects involving different kinds of furnaces. Over the course of his career, he produced over 150 different furnace configuration options.

Kuchnetsova’s colling stove

• Hobs (used for baking and cooking). Kubkock stove Kuznetsov with a hob
• Bread (can be combined with burglar). Kuznetsov bread oven
• For heating houses. Colling stove for heating a house
• Bath. Colling stove for a bathhouse according to Kuznetsov"s project
• Street (designed for grill, barbecue or for creating a large kitchen). Large stove complex Kuznetsov
• Fireplace type (to create interior design and partial heating of the premises). Colling fireplace Kuznetsov

Since mixed species can be built, Kuznetsov’s furnaces are actually much larger.

The furnace’s primary indicator is its rising efficiency (utility coefficient). Igor Kuznetsov worked toward making caps in order to achieve this. The master gave them better features and abilities based on his intentions. A longer service life was offered by the third furnace, a newer, better furnace, and some furnaces that saved more heat.

The red-hot air in Kolpak furnaces remains in them for a longer period of time than in other types of buildings because of their skillful development, and the cooled air swiftly enters the chimney pipe through a unique deepening. Their moniker stems from the fact that a sort of "cap" is formed inside the furnace, joining the furnace and the lower portion of the structure. He further categorizes gases as hot or cold.

Baking Kuznetsov bread

The efficiency of caps of caps reaches 95%, while ordinary furnaces have only 25 to 40% of efficiency. Thanks to the “free movement of gases”, which is ensured by the introduction of the Kuznetsov system, the formation of soot decreases and the smooth heating of the furnace increases. Such a 4 kW furnace will be able to quickly warm the house with an area of ​​about 100 square meters. If necessary, the design of the cap of the cap allows you to install a water heating circuit in the house. And since the craving through the channels extends in automatic mode, then the risk of a fucker is almost zero. Therefore, you can not close the vyushka.

Benefits of caps

• Uniform heating of the furnace and heat transfer.
• Equipped with a large number of places where you can install a metal heating element.
• Burn without soot and smoke formation.
• Rarely need cleaning (once every few years).
• Have a low heat loss level.
• High degree of economy.
• Resistance to the appearance of cracks.
• The possibility of improving design.
• Have a maximum fuel combustion temperature.
• The possibility of fireboxes by various types of solid fuel.
• Strong traction even with a small chimney.

With the obvious exception of construction challenges and material acquisition costs, these stoves are virtually flawless.

Choose a brick

Now, let’s talk more specifically about the issue of building a furnace. As usual, let’s begin by discussing the brick selection. A chamot: what is it?

It’s a good idea to foot the firebox because that’s where the greatest heating occurs. Sha-8 is simpler to use because, in certain situations, its geometry is more similar to that of red stove bricks. There are three types of industrial refractors: alkaline, neutral, and acidic. However, these traits don’t really matter in day-to-day living, so it’s simpler to accept Sha-8. However, the stove from it is totally incapable. He has a low heat capacity and poor thermal conductivity.

Bricks for stoves make things easy. The most popular Vitebsk and Borovikovsky. Each has flaws. Borovikovsky’s structure contains a lot of lime and has poorer geometry. Because Vitebsky has a low resistance to frost, it is not suitable for use in pipes and is currently being stored in a furnace. Subjectively, I still think Borovikovsky is better. Vitebsky on the stove, incidentally, is only appropriate for the first workshop’s release. Borovikovsky is not limited in this way.

It is best to use a denser brick for furnaces. Thus, if you have to choose between the M200 and M150, go with the latter. Still, the M150 isn’t all that bad.

For pipes, it is generally preferable to use M400 clinker and above because of their low hygroscopicity, which practically makes them frost-proof.

More about tidy

While round furnaces are not very practical in homes, they do have many advantages in theory. The exceptionally high efficiency of round multi-colpaces, however, may prove to be a deciding factor in this situation given the high demand for small, mobile furnaces. This is because the law of the square-cube causes the efficiency of a furnace to drop sharply as its size decreases.

Naturally, metal would have to be used to construct such stoves. This eliminates the need to clean the stove because it is collapsible. However, there is a very small range of metals that are suitable in terms of heat capacity and thermal conductivity. Only cast iron is among the cheap options, but it is delicate and heavy.

There is, nevertheless, a stronger, easier metal material with comparable qualities. These are powder metallurgy products. It makes perfect sense in regard to the "powder rubbish" knives, but powder parts might be a great find for the furnace where nothing works for a while.

One of the previously mentioned issues is the heat-resistant lining found on the first cap’s arch. If it can be resolved, perhaps Igor Viktorovich Kuznetsov’s efforts will bear more substantial and far-reaching results than they appear to be right now.

About bricks and rural club

Regarding heating with stoves that require 700 bricks in mansions that are 100 square feet in size, that is untrue. It just doesn’t occur. Firstly, using a single furnace to heat more than 40 square meters with ceilings that are between 2.5 and 3 meters high is pointless. Convection is just not going to work. It will be, but there will be such a huge temperature differential within a single room that discomfort will be the only thing you need to discuss rather than hygiene.

By the way, the convection picture can be found in the 1943 book (click the above link). An extremely clear image. Despite the Latvian language.

Thus, 450 cubic meters cannot be heated by a single stove. Not if it’s atomic.

Imagine a large hall. Permit the village to have a club. The hallway and the corners are chilly. Raise a brick that has been warmed at the stake. Does the hallway get warmer? What if the pallet of these bricks is imported by the loader? I fear that many of these pallets will need to be imported and arranged in the corners for warming up. This is especially true with stoves.

Brick is a warm -intensive thing, and the oven heats precisely due to the heat stocked for it. No other way. But the value of this heat capacity is the final value. Brick is not able to take heat more than it should be. And with an increase in the temperature of the brick itself, this ability will fall. Attempts to warm up the brick above the due will lead either to an empty waste of fuel, or to the destruction of the brick itself. That is why all guidelines strongly do not recommend stinging the stoves – they simply crumble. For the same reason, one cannot compensate for the lack of power power with an enforced fireplace.

This feature is connected to one characteristic of all capsical furnaces. His ignorance results in a 20% reduction in heat loss in addition to savings.

It’s basic in nature. The gradient is the difference in temperature between the brick and the stove gases. The brick is more receptive to heat the higher the gradient. The gradient decreases and the brick absorbs heat less intensely as it warms up. Gases will therefore invert into the pipe if the flow rate does not decrease.

Because of this, it’s critical to have the ability to modify the pipe’s cross-section and blow to alter the flow rate in caps. By the way, Kuznetsov abruptly forgets that the gas stream always takes the path of least resistance when lighting this moment.

To put it simply, if the gas’s path in smoke-turning structures remains constant and it is forced to provide heat to the furnace walls, then the gas caps have the freedom to choose this direction at will. There are no fancy phrases or calculations that will persuade them to take the easiest route.

You can suggest an excellent oven and as a stove cap. AND. Podgorodnikova, a.k.a. the "cap with two hairs." Below is its order.

Additionally, Podgorodnikov has a burning camera inside this stove. All of a sudden, yes?

Kuznetsov furnace design, its distinctive features

The difference between caps of caps and traction is in the device of heat exchanger. In the traditional version, hot gases from the furnace to the pipe pass through several moves of the chimney, on the road, giving part of the heat to brickwork. The speed of their movement depends on the intensity of the flame in the combustion and thrust chamber created by the chimney. The efficiency with this device ranges from 30 to 60%, part of the heat "flies into the pipe". The traction is adjusted using the door of the blowing and the stove valve. To maintain a traction furnace in working condition, it is necessary to regularly clean the soot from the chimney and free the ash chamber from fuel remnants.

The system of hot gas channel movement: gases pass through tightly packed brick rows at a high traction pressure, never having time to fully release their heat.

The inner cavity of the Kuznetsov furnace is a free area known as a cap. Its walls receive heat from hot gases that have fallen into it and then cool and fall out.

In the domes’ cavities, gases that are cold (blue arrows) and hot (red arrows) travel in different directions and are equally distributed.

The process is easily visualized by placing a glass jar over a burning match. When a flame goes out, its smoke rises to the bottom of the jar and then descends along the walls as it cools. Like hot air flowing in a Kuznetsov oven, smoke moves freely.

It is necessary to leave a 2-3 cm "dry seam" between the caps; this is a tiny opening through which cooling gases are transferred from one tank to another. More hot smoke travels differently—instead of crossing paths with cold jets, in fact. The overall heat transfer thus reaches its maximum value.

Options for the vertical placement of the caps: this method of joining the domes enlarges the heating surface area by positioning the heat exchanger in the upper portion of the second arch.

When two or more caps are arranged, the furnace performs better. Whether they are in a horizontal or vertical plane is irrelevant. They may differ in terms of form and dimensions. Heat transmission accelerates when the thickness of the heat exchange walls is typically laid out in a single brick.

Safety

Safety is the most important requirement for any kind of furnace. A person’s exposure to carbon dioxide, which can result in carbon monoxide when combined with malnourishment or improper operation, is exceedingly dangerous. This is in addition to the fact that using an open flame in a house constantly raises the risk of fire.

Consequently, even though this work is expensive, the master should be tasked with building the furnace if the home’s owner lacks the necessary skills. Only an expert can install a chimney and pipe correctly, taking into consideration all the subtleties of its operation, such as the direction of the wind, and lay bricks in a furnace with the fewest possible gaps.

Scheme of the cap of Kuznetsov

The fundamental working principle of Kuznetsov’s devices considers the characteristics of hot air and gases that are released during fuel combustion. The brick stove’s design differs in that the furnace itself holds the smoke. The so-called cap is outfitted with a furnace chamber, a closed dome where hot air rises and displaces cooling through a lower side discharge, to achieve this.

Picture 1: The characteristics of the gas flows’ movement within the Kuznetsov’s cap circuit are displayed.

A steady supply of cold air is supplied by the ventilation hole beneath the firebox’s bottom. In comparison to other devices of a similar nature, the efficiency of heat transfer in the stove increases threefold because the hot air is retained inside for an extended period of time.

For conventional furnaces, models featuring a system of chimney channels have been developed in an attempt to achieve similar outcomes. They also experience a delay in the flow of hot air within the apparatus, but as extending the chimney inevitably deteriorates the hood, the heating efficiency increases only slightly.

When using Kuznetsov devices, the thrust is maintained and the hot air is not trapped by extending the channel’s length. It occurs. The hotter gases rise and replace the colder ones because of their inherent qualities. Depending on how much power and how much space needs to be heated, this kind of furnace’s dimensions can change. Single-cap models are typically small and ideal for setting up a tiny summer home.

Necessary materials and tools

The building of the furnace requires a sizable quantity of supplies and equipment. The chimney and foundation device is not included in this list.

• Red brick – about 450 pieces.
• For the device of firebox fireproof brick (Sha-8 brands)-22 pieces.
• Topa door (brand DT-3) size 210×250 mm.
• Puncher (DPP) door size 140×250 mm.
• Grate gallop size 250×252 mm.
• Hob (stove) with 2 burners size 586×336 mm.
• Hit furnace doors size 510×340 mm – 2 pieces.
• Topa slide size 130×130 mm.
• "Summer" valve size 130×130 mm.
• Chimney pipe valve size 130×250 mm.
• Metallic corner 36x36x4x600 mm – 4 pieces.
• Strip metal size 40x4x600 mm.
• Metallic size sheet 600x550x3 mm.
• Preight Metal sheet size 500x700x3 mm. Can be replaced with ceramic tiles or any refractory material. Brick for laying caps

Instruments

• Trowel.
• Plumb and construction level.
• A capacity for a batch of a solution.
• Spatulas.
• Construction corner.
• Perforator.
• Bulgarian.
• Mixer nozzle.

Classification	Options
Kuznetsova brick stoves	Various designs, including single and double chamber stoves
Construction	Traditional masonry techniques, typically built with firebricks and mortar

Brick stoves made by Kuznetsova are a tried-and-true, cost-effective method of heating homes that create a warm, inviting atmosphere. These stoves accommodate diverse needs and preferences through their multiple classifications and construction options, guaranteeing that homeowners can discover the ideal match for their area.

The longevity and dependability of Kuznetsova brick stoves is one of their main advantages. These stoves are made with precision-cut high-quality bricks and have a long lifespan without losing structural integrity or efficiency. Because of this, they are a long-term investment for homeowners, offering reliable warmth and comfort over time.

The adaptability of Kuznetsova brick stoves’ construction and design is another benefit. There are options to fit your taste, whether you like a more modern or traditional aesthetic. You can alter your stove’s design to fit the aesthetic of your house, choosing from straightforward rustic designs to intricate and ornate ones.

Additionally, Kuznetsova brick stoves ensure that you maximize the efficiency of your fuel source by providing excellent heating performance. Through the utilization of bricks’ ability to retain heat, these stoves can effectively heat your house while reducing heat loss. In the long run, this lowers your energy consumption and lowers your heating expenses.

To sum up, Kuznetsova brick stoves offer a dependable, adaptable, and effective heating option for houses of all shapes and sizes. With so many different categories, configurations, and building methods, homeowners can find the ideal stove to suit their requirements and tastes. Kuznetsova brick stoves meet all of your needs—durability, design flexibility, and energy efficiency—making your home cozy and warm for many years to come.

Video on the topic

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Put a simple, effective cap.

Kuznetsov stoves. Igor Viktorovich Kuznetsov himself talks about his brick furnaces