Installation of the pump in the heating system of a private house

Your home’s heating system’s performance and efficiency can be greatly increased by installing a pump. A pump facilitates the circulation of hot water throughout your home, promoting uniform heat distribution and faster warm-up times, regardless of whether you have a conventional boiler system or a more contemporary radiant floor heating system. This post will walk you through the installation process and discuss the advantages of adding a pump to your heating system.

A primary advantage of adding a pump to your heating system is increased energy economy. A pump makes sure that hot water is distributed throughout your house effectively, which lessens the strain on your boiler. This can lead to lower energy costs and less wear and tear on your heating system because your boiler won’t have to work as hard to maintain a comfortable temperature.

Increased comfort is a benefit of adding a pump to your heating system. A pump contributes to even heat distribution and the removal of cold spots in your house by more efficiently circulating hot water. This implies that you won’t need to constantly adjust your thermostat to enjoy a more comfortable and consistent interior temperature.

Your heating system’s pump installation is a reasonably simple procedure that can be finished in a day or less. To guarantee optimum performance, it’s crucial to pick the appropriate pump for your system and to install it properly. We’ll examine the various kinds of pumps that are available in more detail and guide you through the installation procedure step-by-step in the sections that follow.

Advantages of the heating system with forced circulation circulation of the coolant.

Enthusiasts of heating systems that allow the coolant to circulate naturally present several convincing arguments in support of precisely such a plan.

• The pump is unnecessary costs of acquisition and installation.
• Any electrical equipment becomes an additional consumer of expensive electricity.
• The dependence of the pumping equipment on power stability makes the heating system extremely vulnerable in emergency situations in electric networks.
• The pump is an additional system of the system, which is vulnerable from the point of view of mechanical breakdowns.

At first glance, it appears that everything is equitable. However, if you view it objectively, the picture becomes the exact opposite for every item.

Now let’s examine the natural circulation heating system:

The most basic heating system design that allows the coolant to circulate naturally

Is this kind of scheme so inexpensive and simple to install? Not at all!

It is mandatory to mount the accelerated vertical site (pos. 2) from the boiler (pos. 1) using a large diameter pipe, preferably 1½ inches or greater. Here, it ought to ascend to the highest point, above any heat-exchange apparatuses. You must install an open type expansion tank in the same location and at the highest possible height (pos. 3).

The mandatory slope for the POWER collector (pos. 4) should be at least 5% (5 cm for each contour line). Again, in this instance, the pipe’s diameter shouldn’t be less than 1>.

The pipes used in the vertical risers (poses. 5), which supply the coolant directly to the heating radiators (poses. 6), have a minimum diameter of ¾ inch.

Lastly, the specifications for the "return" collector’s diameter and adherence to bias (pos. 7) are the same as those for the feed pipe. As it happens, the boiler ought to be positioned beneath the lowest heating radiators in any case.

This method is still used, though not always—in small buildings with closely spaced rooms. Not only are large diameter pipes significantly more costly, but their installation is also more difficult. They are frequently very challenging to hide completely without detracting from the interior design. There is very little chance that radiators could have a hidden lower connection. The price of the pump itself, as well as the installation (which can be done on your own), are just not comparable to the expenses listed above.

Use the concealed location of the heating circuit’s pipes with the radiators’ lower connections in the system to prevent the coolant from naturally circulating—this is impossible

It is rare that excess pressure can be created in a contour with natural circulation and the most deliberate and optimal arrangement of all its components simply because of variations in temperature and density greater than 0.6 atmospheres. And it is obvious that many contemporary heating devices will require more pressure than this. In particular, you cannot even bear to think about designing a floor-based water heating system.

Furthermore, the flow of coolant through the pipes can be entirely stopped by a small obstruction, either at one of the pipes’ bends or at another location that is susceptible to this occurrence. He will also mention the word hydraulic resistance, which makes this even more likely if the system is sufficiently branched.

To enter the system with natural circulation to the calculated power, a powerful starting energy "impulse" is required by mandatory power. These are extra energy costs, and very considerable. Well, even a short -term stop of the boiler for one reason or another will require certain efforts and a considerable time to again bring the heating system to the normal mode of operation. The low speed of the coolant and the expenditure of a part of the energy developed by the boiler, only on its movement is a general decrease in the efficiency of the entire system. And, believe me, that these extra energy expenditures will necessarily exceed the total consumption of a compact circulation pump working with a constant load.

Pumps in the energy consumption class "B," which are relatively inexpensive, only use approximately 20 to 30 watts per hour. This indicator is even lower for class A devices that are more sophisticated.

The uneven heating of the heat transfer devices installed in the circuit and distributed throughout the premises is evidently caused by the low speed of circulation. Only the quantitative principle—a change in the volume of liquid passing through devices—allows for the adjustment of the heat transfer level of the radiators installed within the house’s premises. The accuracy of this method is the same, and in low pressure pipe conditions, it can even cause a radiator or contour section to lock. In these circumstances, talk about high-quality adjustment, that is, with the coolant trim from the return, which is typically naive.

Information about the installation process of heating radiators might be of interest to you.

The outcome is the same: the system’s inefficiency directly impacts energy economy, resulting in additional expenses for the duration that heating is maintained. Spending money on the pump once is more profitable.

Lastly, a brief mention of the pumping equipment’s susceptibility to power supply availability.

While that is true, every electrical appliance in the home is dependent on every other one. including the majority of contemporary heating boilers with automation. The issue has been resolved; installing a continuous power source for boiler equipment is sufficient.

If the village experiences power outages, the boiler and other heating system components can be powered continuously by installing a backup power source.

Even the most costly and potent UPS cannot guarantee that the equipment will operate for a few hours when the pump consumption indicators are low. This is sufficient.

Lastly, nothing stops the pump, leaving open the option to return the system to natural circulation in an emergency. This is typically accomplished; the pump’s pumping diagram shows multiple valves (an automatic valve may also be utilized) as well as a bypass (jumper).

An illustration of a circulationpump that enables instantaneous transitions between forced and natural coolant circulation

That being said, the pump turns into one more weak point in the system. You can comfort the reader by pointing out that statistics indicate that circulation pump failures are extremely uncommon and more closely associated with casuistic events. Leading manufacturers’ designs are highly reliable and have a long lifespan—that is, assuming the operating regulations aren’t broken. Furthermore, the savings realized from the system’s increased efficiency makes buying even a pricey pump in two to three years justified. Thus, "to expect a catch" has the least weight from this perspective.

We sincerely hope that this article has persuaded you of the importance of installing a circulation pump. Now is the time to think about making the right choice.

The efficiency of your home’s heating system can be greatly increased, and you can reduce your energy costs, by installing a pump. A well-installed pump facilitates faster warm-up times and even heat distribution throughout your house by efficiently circulating hot water. Furthermore, a pump can lessen the strain on your boiler by enhancing the water flow throughout the system, extending its lifespan and lowering the need for repairs. You may save money on energy expenses and have a cozier, more comfortable house with the proper pump installation.

How to choose the optimal circulation pump

Two main varieties of circulation pumps

Pumps used for circulation are powered by electricity. Yet, it is not acceptable for the electric and hydraulic parts to come into direct contact. Two approaches to the device layout, which establishes their unit on the "dry" and "wet" types of devices, provide this separation. The name alone makes a lot obvious.

• Pumps with a “dry rotor” appeared earlier. Their fundamental circuit is such that the electric drive is completely isolated from the pumping part, and rotation to the working wheel is transmitted through the shaft. Even externally, such pumps can be distinguished by the elongated case, due to the placed electric motor unit. As a rule, such devices are quite massive, so their console installation is most often practiced – for this, brackets or installation platforms are provided on the housing.

Circulation pump examples with "dry rotors"

"Dry" circulation pumps are strong, efficient units that drive high system pressure and consume a lot of coolant as they pass through. It is challenging to function without them. If a large mansion with multiple floors is designed with a powerful boiler room, for example. However, given their limitations, their use is already deemed excessive in a medium-sized apartment or private home.

It has already been mentioned that there are challenges related to the installation’s overall size, mass, and features.

– A sophisticated system of seals on the transmitting rotation of the shaft prevents leaks when the liquid pressure is high. The fact that these seals are gradually coming loose indicates the need for routine preventive maintenance, which may involve replacing them with new ones.

Due to the requirement for air cooling of the electric drive, these pumps always produce noise when they operate. It also places limitations on the device’s installation site selection.

In short, the best choice will be to buy a pump with a "wet rotor" if the heating system does not specifically require high pressure indicators and the coolant flow rate.

• Pumps with a "wet rotor" are arranged differently. The scheme is shown in the illustration below:

The circulation pump schematic diagram featuring a "wet rotor"

Power block corps (pos. 1) is attached to the pumping work chamber body (pos. 2) using multiple screws (poses. 3) in a hermetically sealed manner thanks to the ring gaskets. There are mounts for inserting into the pipes on both sides of the working chamber, or "Snails." These mounts can be flanges or threaded pipes (poses. 4) for a coupling connection.

The stator winding (pos. 5) is the only compartment inside the power unit that is not in contact with the liquid medium; it is hermetically sealed off from the other compartments by a stainless steel "glass" (pos. 6). Seals are therefore only found on static details, meaning they are not harmed by friction.

Inside is a rotor (pos. 7), on whose shaft the pump’s hard working wheel is located (pos. 8). The coolant provides continuous lubrication to the bearings that support the rotor. An additional engine cooling system is not necessary because the liquid medium that occupies the entire internal space of the pump is also a great heat discharger and does not pose a risk of overheating. A special cork (pos. 9) for air release is provided in order to ensure that the coolant fills the entire volume of the pump.

Naturally, some energy is lost during the pump rotor’s rotation in the liquid medium, which lowers the device’s efficiency. However, given the low level of electricity consumption, it doesn’t seem like this factor merits special consideration given the small amount of losses.

The operation of the pump is almost silent, the device is compact and easy to install-OP simply crashes into the desired section of the pipe, not in person without requiring any additional fasteners. True, in this case, an important condition must be observed – the rotor axis, regardless of the position of the body, should take a horizontal position. In this position, bearings will never be dry, and they do not face the way out of order due to overheating.

One more thing to note is that you should not permit the bearings that might form in the system’s contours to have solid suspension. Thus, it is always advised to install a mechanical cleaning filter, or "mud," right before the pump.

You might be curious to know how dependable PP pipe is for heating systems.

Criteria for evaluating the circulation pump when choosing

There are several factors to consider when selecting a circulation pump to install in an already-existing heating system.

• Supply voltage. On the scale of autonomous heating systems for apartments and private houses, pumps with a single -phase power supply of 220 in 50 Hz are used. A low consumption current frees from the need to lay any highlighted power lines-there are enough network sockets. The only thing that is desirable to foresee is uninterrupted nutrition, which was mentioned above.
• Power consumption. Naturally, the lower it is (while maintaining the rest of the performance), the more economical. The optimal choice will be the device of energy consumption class “a”, even if it costs more. The lower the class ("c", "C" and so on) the more the electricity consumption will be.

Circulating pumps in the "A" energy consumption class are the most cost-effective when they are in use.

The majority of contemporary pumps offer the choice between two or three operating modes, each with a unique set of pressure indicators. This results in variations in power consumption as well. The indicators are usually made in the shape of a plate to match the device nameplate.

A plate displaying the power consumption and generated pressure values in this instance. The performance of the pump can be shown in place of the pressure or in conjunction with them.

It makes sense to give these indicators more careful thought once they have an impact on the performance and created pressure issues related to purely operational characteristics that influence the heating system’s operation.

You can roughly ascertain the required parameters using the tables, one of which is given below.

The total area of the premises	The necessary thermal power (kW) with the difference in the temperature of the coolant in the pipes of the supply and return (Δt)			Pump parameters, min (excluding the hydraulic resistance of the contours and their branches)
Δt = 20 ° C	Δt = 15 ° C	Δt = 10 ° C	Performance (m ³/hour)	Pressure (m waters. Art.)
up to 200	28.0	21.0	14.0	1.25	1.0
350	46.0	35.0	23.0	2.0	2.0
500	70.0	52.0	35.0	3.0	2.0
900	116.0	87.0	58.0	5.0	3.0
1100	140.0	105.0	70.0	7.0	3.0
Δt = 20 ° C – optimal mode for heating radiators
Δt = 15 ° C – optimal mode for heating convectors
Δt = 10 ° C – the optimal mode for the contours of the "warm floor"

However, since these tabular values are typically created for "ideal" operating conditions and do not account for many factors, it is not always possible to rely on them. Independently figuring out the required values won’t be too difficult.

• Pump performance. The main task of this device is to move a certain amount of coolant along the contour, that is, ultimately – the required amount of thermal energy sufficient for the efficient operation of heat transfer devices (radiators, converters, “warm floor” contours).

To calculate, the following values must be provided:

W is the required thermal power (measured in watts) of the heating system to keep the rooms at a comfortable temperature even in the worst weather.

It should be known what the owners’ power value is. If not, it can also be computed independently for every room before being summarized.

How can the required thermal power of the heating system be independently calculated? Such calculations can be carried out using a reasonably accurate and comprehensible algorithm. A particular calculator is available on our portal in the article "Calculation of heating by the area of the premises."

Δt – The temperature differential between the heating circuit’s "feed" and "return" pipes at the boiler’s entrance and exit. Recommended settings for various kinds of heat exchangers are displayed in the preceding table.

WITH: the coolant’s heat capacity, given in WT × h / (kg × ° C). Water has a value of 1.16. Should an alternative coolant be utilized, its packaging ought to specify this particular parameter. Takes place. that the manufacturer displays this value in KJ / (kg × ° C), among other units. The translation is simple because the correction factor is 0.28. That is, 0.28 W × h = 1 kJ.

The following formula can be used to determine the required performance (G):

G is equal to W / (Δt × s).

This formula yields the performance indicator, which is given in kilograms per hour. All that’s left to do is convert this value into a volumetric expression while accounting for density.

We suggest using the pump performance calculator, which can yield the intended outcome fast and precisely.

Pump performance calculator for heating system

It should be noted that the calculator can determine pressure for systems that contain water as well as systems that contain other coolants. This can be significant because antifreeze, or any heating fluid, is denser than water while having a heat capacity comparable to that of water. Therefore, a higher will be needed for the pump’s performance.

The percentage concentration of antifreeze determines its density and heat capacity values. These parameters may be indicated on packaging shortcuts, but in the absence of these, it is easy to locate the Internet table of characteristics for each type of coolant.

• The pressure created by the pump. This indicator is important from those positions that the pressure created by the pump should provide the necessary movement of the coolant with the desired flow, while fully compensate all the inevitable losses due to the hydraulic resistance of the pipes and the entire installed shut-off valves. If the created pressure is insufficient, then stagnation phenomena in the system, “locking” of certain bursts of the contours are not excluded, which ultimately leads to the unbalanced and ineffective work of all heating in general.

Since very few people want to perform these kinds of calculations, it makes no sense to bring the cumbersome calculation formula here. There is, however, a slightly more straightforward algorithm that will still produce a result with an accuracy level that is entirely appropriate. This method is described in the calculation calculator that is suggested below.

Calculator calculator of the required minimum pressure of the circulation pump

The length of the heating contours connected to the pump (along with the pipes and "return") determines the necessary pressure. Because of the complexity of shut-off regulations, system saturation is significant. Ultimately, the type of pipe material also has an impact on the hydraulic resistance indicators; for example, steel pipes have a substantially higher hydraulic resistance than perfectly smooth polypropylene or metal-plastic pipes. The calculator program takes into consideration all of these subtleties. It should be noted that the values determined by the calculation algorithm already account for the required operational supply; therefore, the outcome can be deemed optimal rather than minimal.

• The circulation pump should have well Protected building, both from the penetration of water and moisture, and from dust. The indicator of these features is the class IP. For devices of such a purpose, the IP class above will become optimal – you can, below – you should not purchase.
• The operating temperature range. As a rule, most modern devices are capable of working with the upper boundary of fluid heating at 110 ºС, which for the heating system is more than enough. However, check this characteristic in the passport. The fact is that you can by mistake to purchase a very similar layout, and simply externally, a pump to increase water pressure in the water supply. But there the temperature range is already completely different, and for the heating circuit it is definitely not suitable.
• pay attention to maximumPermissible working pressure In the heating system, this indicator is usually indicated by the abbreviation PN, and is expressed in bars. This parameter speaks, rather, about the strength of the device – what pressure it can withstand. But do not confuse it with the pressure created by the pump – these are completely different values.

Typical traits added to the pump nameplate include: Class 1 energy consumption; Class 2 temperature limit of the pumped liquid; 3-the level of bodily protection based on IP classification; 4- The highest working pressure that is allowed

• Finally, the buyer should always be interested in The dimensions of the device. First of all, of course, this is its mounting length mounting length (l). This value is standardized, and most circulation pumps for heating systems are available with a mounting length of 130 or 180 mm. If the installation of the pump is planned in a place with a sufficiently limited space, then you should carefully evaluate all other overall indicators of the device. Typically, a scheme is applied to the passport, which indicates all sizes.

Typical traits added to the pump nameplate include: Class 1 energy consumption; Class 2 temperature limit of the pumped liquid; 3-the level of bodily protection based on IP classification; 4- The highest working pressure that is allowed

The model’s name alone could contain a wealth of useful information (this is especially characteristic of the products of foreign manufacturers). The illustration provides an example, and the table lists the potential decryptions of the different designation options.

The model’s name includes helpful information!

A group of designations	Digital or letter designation	Deciphering the designation
1 – model type	Up	– circulation pump, one mode of operation
	UPS	– The same, but with the possibility of switching operating modes
2	20	– Conditional diameter of the pipe
3	-40	– The pressure created by the pump (in decimeters of the water column)
4 – Features of insertion into the circuit	space	– threaded coupling connection
	F	– flange connection
5 – Features of the execution of the model	space	– Corps made of gray cast iron
	N	– The case made of stainlessly steel
	IN	– plumbing
	TO	– Work is allowed at a negative temperature
	A	– Automatic air vent is provided
6	130	– The mounting length of the pump

Choosing the pump is the final suggestion to wrap up the discussion. If this is the first time you’ve heard of the brand of pump, don’t jump at an alluringly low price. There are usually enough well-known manufacturer models available for purchase that come with warranty obligations. Products marketed under the names "Grundfos," "Wilo," "Dab," "Ebara," "Pedrollo," and "Hoffmann" are leading in well-deserved popularity. They are not inferior to the Russian "Jiglex" in terms of quality and dependability.

Like any other heating system, the pump was purchased with the hope of handling large operations, as well as the hope that its temporary advantages would not cause many problems. Unfortunately, there are a lot of knockoffs and, to be honest, subpar products in this section of a construction trynka. Never allow yourself to be duped: always verify the product’s paperwork, request passport stamps, assert your right to warranty service, and find out whether service centers are present and where they are located.

Step	Description
1	Choose the right location for the pump, preferably near the boiler.
2	Shut off the power to the heating system.
3	Drain the water from the system.
4	Prepare the pipes for the pump installation by cleaning and applying pipe sealant.
5	Mount the pump onto the pipes using brackets.
6	Connect the pump to the power supply and to the heating system.
7	Fill the system with water and check for leaks.
8	Turn the power back on and test the pump.

Your private home’s heating system can function and perform much better with a pump installed. The pump’s enhanced ability to circulate hot water results in uniform warmth throughout your home, mitigating cold spots and enhancing overall comfort levels.

A primary advantage of pump installation is increased energy efficiency. Improved water circulation reduces the amount of energy your boiler needs to burn to heat your house, which saves energy costs and lessens its impact on the environment. The initial cost of a pump is justified by the potential for significant cost savings over time.

A pump can prolong the life of your heating system in addition to saving money. The pump lessens wear and tear on the boiler and other parts, lowering the chance of malfunctions and the need for expensive repairs. As a homeowner, this translates to fewer headaches and increased peace of mind.

All things considered, adding a pump to your heating system is a wise investment that can raise your home’s efficiency and comfort levels. A pump is an easy and efficient solution, whether your goal is to reduce energy costs, lengthen the life of your heating system, or just have a cozier, more pleasant home.

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