Installation of the heating system in the apartment and the choice of pipes

Few things are as crucial to creating a warm and inviting home as a dependable heating system. Selecting the appropriate heating system and pipes is essential for preserving warmth and efficiency during the winter months, regardless of whether you’re building from scratch or remodeling an existing apartment. There are many options available, ranging from conventional radiators to contemporary underfloor heating, but knowing the fundamentals will help you choose what’s best for your area.

Choosing the right pipes for a heating system installation is one of the most important choices you’ll have to make. The vital components of your heating system, pipes distribute hot water or steam throughout your house to radiators, convectors, and underfloor heating units. The type of heating system you choose, how much you have to spend, and how your apartment is laid out all influence the pipes you choose. Every material, including PEX and copper, has advantages and things to consider.

Because copper pipes are strong and resistant to high temperatures, they have long been a preferred option for heating systems. Copper pipes are preferred in installations where durability is a top concern because of their corrosion resistance; however, their cost can be higher than that of PEX (cross-linked polyethylene) or CPVC (chlorinated polyvinyl chloride) alternatives, making them less economical for projects on a tight budget.

PEX pipes have become more and more well-liked in recent years due to their affordability, flexibility, and ease of installation. PEX pipes are perfect for colder climates because they are made of a flexible plastic material that is resistant to corrosion and can expand to accommodate freezing water without bursting. PEX is also more affordable and simpler to work with than copper, which makes it a popular option for do-it-yourselfers and those trying to save money on installation.

Topic	Installation of the heating system in the apartment and the choice of pipes
1	Types of Heating Systems
2	Common Pipe Materials
3	Advantages and Disadvantages
4	Installation Process
5	Considerations for Apartment Settings

Advantages of the heating system from polypropylene

Employing these pipes has numerous benefits:

• Pipes from this material Very light and do not cause inconvenience when delivering them and installation.
• They have very much Long life, are not subjected to rust and do not require painting.
• Their installation even a person can do without preparation and skills.
• There is no pipes inside the pipes Nocia deposits, Based on this, they are less often clogged.
• Sustainable to mechanical influences, increasing temperature and pressure, do not miss electricity.
• Installation of polypropylene pipes Increases heat transfer.
• The use of such pipes is significantly reduces the cost When installing.

DIY Heating Polypropylene It is required in accordance with a carefully thought-out plan, which will specify the quantity and size of each and every required detail. The heating system’s proper operation is dependent upon:

• Pipe size. Moreover, different diameters are immediately involved in the system – this allows hot water to move well through the system.
• Marking the pipes used, they depend on the temperature of the water and its pressure.
• It is necessary to comply with the standardized slopes pipes.
• Availability heating devices and the place of their installation.

Polypropylene pipes have a heating system built into both the upper and lower spill. He travels through the pipes on his own, without the aid of a circulation pump, using the upper coolant. This approach works well in locations where there are sporadic power outages, particularly in the private sector. Suitable for apartment buildings or large cottages, the lower spill is mounted with radiation wiring, narrower pipes, and a pump that creates water pressure.

It is possible to mount heating from polypropylene with your hands once a day, provided you have all the necessary supplies and have followed the plan. This is just another benefit of using these pipes for a country home’s heating wiring. The system will effectively heat the space if everything is set up correctly.

Methods for laying polypropylene pipes

Thus, it appears that they have figured it out with the pipe docking. I’d like to now explain to you how to install a heating system in a private residence. There are various methods:

• open – in this case, the details of the engineering network are simply fixed along the walls and are decorated (or are not decorated at all);
• hidden in the walls – the pipes after the end of the assembly are walled into the walls;
• hidden in the floor – pipelines of the heating system are masked under a concrete floor screed.

From a technical standpoint, the technique used to lay pipes essentially only affects how the premises appear visually. However, the system’s efficacy is unaffected. Therefore, consider whether the effort put in to get the desired outcome was worthwhile. It is not a matter of the lungs, after all, to transmit the walls and then close the pipes.

By the way, let me warn you right away that the only pipes that can be hidden are those that have ineffective compounds reinforced with foil or fiberglass. Considering that their coefficient of thermal expansion is minuscule.

Open pipe laying

Heating pipes can be laid openly with ease, but the interior of the building is ruined by the intricate details of the engineering system.

Here, there’s nothing to say. All that’s left to do is install the boiler, hang the heating radiators on the walls, and connect everything with polypropylene pipes.

The products need to be mounted on the walls using specific brackets in order to maintain a tidy appearance.

Hidden pipe laying

The main goal of hidden laying is to conceal the heating pipes that are either in the walls or beneath the floor screed.

Since this is a more time-consuming process to implement, I will outline the benefits and drawbacks of the suggested approach so that you can make an informed decision.

The only advantage of this option, in my opinion—which I have already discussed—is the exquisite interior design of the space.

Regarding the flaws, there are numerous them:

1. High complexity and material intensity. You need to post the walls and install pipes there. This is much more difficult than just fix them on clips.
2. Large heat loss. Part of the thermal energy of the pipes that are walled into the walls is transmitted by the design itself, which reduces the efficiency of the heating system.
3. The complexity of operation. In the case of an accident, it is necessary to dismantle the decorative finish in order to get to the leak. Sometimes this leads to the need for re -finishing the room.
4. High cost. A large amount of materials and labor intensity entail significant costs of cash to the creation of such a system.

Hidden pipe laying technology

In the nation, I created warmth by opening for my son. However, I’ll reveal to you how pipes are mounted using a secret technique.

1. First you need to install a boiler and heating radiators. To protect the latter from damage, I do not recommend taking away plastic and cardboard packaging from them until all finishing work in the room is completed.

Radiators for heating are installed first.

1. Then the marking of the future laying of the pipes is carried out. I usually do this with an ordinary marker right on the walls.
2. After that you can stroke. I take a grinder and cut out two paths at such a distance from each other that a pipe (with a small gap) climbs into the resulting groove. Then I take a punch and depressed the recess of the chisel.

Shtrobes should be slightly wider and deeper than the pipes used.

1. At the next stage, the system is soldered and the connected pipes are inserted into the strobes. So that the pipe does not move, I always attach details on plastic clips.

Again, let me remind you that only pipelines with unbreakable connections are eligible for hiding under SNiP. That is to say, you cannot mock up metal-plastic pipes into cement if you use threaded fittings.

1. Then you can connect pipes to heating devices.

Pipe fitted into strobes and pipe attached to radiators.

1. As soon as all the connections are made, you can put back against. For this, a device is used that pumps air into the pipes to a certain pressure. This process allows you to identify leaky compounds that will flow when filling the pipes with a coolant.

Up until the coolant is poured into the pipes, you can find installation flaws by testing the heating system.

1. Only after all the tests and the trial start of the heating system can be sealing a stroke with a cement mortar.

Galing steel pipes for heating and the properties of galvanized pipes

When installing metal heating pipes, including cast iron and steel among others, the galvanizing method is frequently used. In this instance, the pipes are shielded from the effects of moisture, air, or water by a layer of zinc to prevent corrosion.

Zinc is easily oxidized and then covered in an oxide film that shields it from additional chemical reactions. Consequently, the galvanized steel gains stability with respect to the processes that lead to its corrosion.

There are two methods for galing: diffusion and hot. About 400 °C is the operating temperature for the first method. In this instance, zinc powder is utilized, and through diffusion, the powdered zinc atoms enter the steel pipe’s intercrystalline structure. This helps to establish a very solid and long-lasting connection.

Regarding the hot galvanizing process, the steel pipe is fully submerged in 450 °C molten zinc at the same time.

Steel pipes are protected electrochemically and against corrosion by the galvanizing process. These pipes allow the heating system to operate more effectively and last much longer, but the drawback is that antifreeze cannot be used to prevent freezing. On the other hand, galvanized pipes are thought to be far more functional and dependable than regular steel.

About the HMS

The hydromagnetic system, a magnetic anti-nacquedic apparatus, is unrelated to other esoteric curiosities or "living" or "dead" water. It works on a straightforward principle: an insert mounted in the pipe that contains powerful magnets is used; the type of pipe used is irrelevant.

Hydromagnetic household systems

Water flows through pipes because it conducts electricity. An electric motor is introduced, EMF, in a magnetic field moving in a magnetic field. Only a few volts or shares of a volt, depending on the course speed, are present in the HMS lumen, but this is sufficient to ensure that impurities in the water—which can be polarized ions or molecules—stick together and form a thin film instead of adhering to the pipe walls. A suspension will form in a sump due to the heat sales, and Schlah will be eliminated.

When using the HMS, there is no need to be concerned about corrosion because the most persistent and electrically neutral impurity components form a thin, dense layer of sediment that resembles corundum on the inner surface of the pipe. The layering stops after an increase of about 20–60 microns; the enhanced surface polarization drives the subsequent "candidates" back into the suspension.

Industry has long employed HMS extensively and successfully; it is most frequently used to prepare water for filtering and cleaning. Domestic HMS has been available for purchase in recent years for the installation of heating and water supply pipes.

Along with savings and heating dependability, the home HMS system offers another significant benefit: bulkhead is rarely needed for the warm floor in the HMS system, and an extra circulation pump is rarely needed.

Before any wiring is done, HMS needs to be installed on the supply pipe at the beginning of the system. For each riser, if there are multiple risers. HMS has an infinite validity period, is maintenance-free, and never breaks.

The main material of the pipe

You will have to deal with the requirement to clarify the technical features of the pipes you will use in the future when designing your home’s heating system. As for the average person, they simply will not be able to study the proposed product range in the corresponding market segment in a short amount of time because they are not a professional employee of the construction industry and do not have a full understanding of all the variety of products with various operational and technological characteristics. The following characteristics apply to the products in this category:

• logo illustrating the manufacturer"s trademark;
• abbreviation denoting the functional purpose of the product, as well as data on a specific modification;
• indicator of conditional pressure, which is permissible for the working environment;
• indication of the thickness of the wall of the goods and its diameter along the external border;
• Operational class;
• product standard;
• the maximum allowable pressure value measured in bars.

Heating system with a single pipe and upper wiring

The operational period of a given product is directly determined by the combinations of these parameters.

Reinforced polypropylene pipes

Pipe made of polypropylene can be strengthened by using aluminum foil or fiberglass. Reinforcing polypropylene is solely intended to lessen the amount of "sagging" that occurs when heated. The operational characteristics of the pipes are somewhat determined by whether the reinforcing layer is placed outside the pipe surface or inside the PP layer.

Additional information about this.

Fiberglass-reinforced PP pipes

Three-layer polypropylene pipes reinforced with fiberglass are made of an inner and outer layer of regular, clean polypropylene and a middle layer made of a blend of polypropylene and glass fiber.

When using them, the lengthening of these pipes is practically undetectable, ranging from 1.5 cm to 10 meters per pipe.

An additional benefit of these pipes is that they can be easily welded with standard welding equipment, such as the "iron" used to weld regular polypropylene that isn’t reinforced. In this instance, pre-preparation and fiberglass layer removal are not necessary for pipes.

It is still necessary to mention that PP pipes with fiberglass can sustain pressure up to 25 atmospheres. They are also unassuming, resistant to corrosion, and the most widely used by heating equipment and builders because of all these qualities.

Aluminum-reinforced pipes

Aluminum can be positioned nearly outside or in the middle of a polypropylene layer when used as reinforcement. The final option is referred to as classic since it has an aluminum foil layer on the pipe’s exterior. The pipes have a minimum amount of heat expansion when in use. But combining these pipes necessitates first removing the aluminum reinforcing layer (cleaning it), which is a difficult and time-consuming procedure in and of itself.

Pipes with aluminum inner locations are simpler to weld together. This is accomplished by using a unique reference tool to make the pipe’s edge corner cut, shielding aluminum from future coolant contact.

Emergency situations and pipeline damage can result from poor aluminum stripping and pipe welding technology violations.

As you can see, polypropylene can be heated; the key is to mount it properly!

How to solder polypropylene correctly

Watch the video on our website to see how to solder correctly in clear detail. For polypropylene adhesion, singing polypropylene pipes are the best option.

The temperature at which we will solder the elements is 260C, which ultimately results in an odd connection with the same kind of structure. Because parts atoms merge simultaneously, the joint is incredibly strong.

How to Solder Polypropylene: A Video

Watch the video to learn the correct way to solder polypropylene pipes for heating with your hands. As a result, the work will be completed more easily. The procedure goes as follows:

• The device which we will plow is included in the network. It is allowed to start work after the signal indicator goes out a second time.
• The blanks are cut off in the desired size. To do this, use special scissors.
• Its edge, which we will solder, need to be cleaned from foil. Shever is used for such actions, it can be removed to the desired indicator. You can do this work and a knife, but this option is more difficult.
• The pipe with fitting is put on the nozzles and keep the right time. The duration of heating is dependent on the size of the pipe. These indicators are attached in the instructions for the soldering iron.
• Next, the details are joined. In this case, it is necessary to ensure that there is no distortion, you can not move and turn the details.

Crucial! Particular care must be taken when installing district fittings for polypropylene pipes used for heating in private homes. Here, their strategic placement is crucial.

In case the angle is not aligned correctly, you will need to either redo the entire knot or discard the specific details.

A video showing you how to solder polypropylene by hand

Compensators

Products made of polypropylene often swell when the coolant is exposed. The pipe machine is bending in this instance. These issues are used by compensators to stop these issues.

They are created from a section of a polypropylene blank into the shape of a loop. These components are usually placed along a considerable portion of the pipeline.

If there isn’t anywhere to put the compensator, make sure to leave room for the pipes’ linear expansion when turning. The pipeline will then be able to expand without restriction while remaining free of the wall.

Connecting devices

They recommend that you use American quick-detachable fittings for dependable and speedy work. They are installed on the pipeline’s last segments.

Piper mount to the wall

Polypropylene pipes need to be firmly fixed to the wall to avoid deformation. Seventy centimeters is the maintained distance between the fasteners.

Radiator mounting

The fastening of heating radiators in a private residence is done by hand with special components that are supplied. Heavy water units come with these fasteners. Using homemade fasteners might not be recommended.

You can see in the video how to install the polypropylene pipe heating system by hand. Here, the entire workflow is outlined in great detail.

Generally speaking, anyone with minimal experience can perform such tasks. It won’t require a long time.

Installing heating through polypropylene pipes is simple and quick when the project is well-planned and the technological features are maintained. Here, efficient and dependable heating is achieved.

If you watch the video lessons on our website, installation issues should not arise!

• Square pipe bending device
• Soldress for polypropylene pipes to Leroy Merlin
• FV plast: Czech polypropylene pipes and fittings
• Tool for mounting pipes made of steamed polyethylene

Installation of heating pipes How we work

The Ecosyle Group of Companies consists of a group of skilled and certified professionals who install and maintain various engineering systems while also completing the necessary paperwork for sanitary services and other regulatory bodies.

• seven specialized licenses and certificates; five years of experience in the Moscow and Moscow Region market; forty staff members, four service vehicles, and three operational brigades for the operational execution of orders; two sets of television inspectorates and expert European equipment We cut your costs by twenty percent. Our service fees are less than the market average, even with no reduction in labor or upkeep.

2 Discharging options for the number of risers

Polypropylene pipes can be wired vertically or horizontally. If there is a single main riser in the home, from which two- or single-pipe horizontal scales depart, the first installation scheme is used. Comparable systems are found in private residences with two to three stories and in small commercial buildings. They have started to be utilized in high-rise building heating arrangements in recent years. In this instance, a distinct pipeline branch is initiated for every apartment.

Radial and perimeter wiring is of the horizontal type. When using a perimeter scheme, the main riser is used for heating. Furthermore, the coolant in a different apartment (or the entire floor of the house) flows gradually. There are some inconveniences caused by this. If you want to replace or repair the polypropylene pipes with a separate heating device (battery), you must disconnect the entire perimeter from the coolant.

The benefit of the perimeter installation system is that concealed technology can be used to lay the pipes in the floor. However, it’s important to realize that all of the wiring is situated horizontally at the same level. So, it will be very difficult to drain the coolant from a different perimeter.

Polypropylene water supply installation perimeter system

Pipe products made of polypropylene are sent to different rooms within the apartment during radiation wiring (for each heating battery). In this instance, a single central riser powers the entire system. The highway’s individual rays merge close to the main riser in a unique comb (which can be easily installed with your hands).

One benefit of radiation installation is that, in the event that system repair is required, only one heating branch may be disconnected. The remaining rays are still active and heat the remaining rooms.

For the radiation circuit, polypropylene pipes must be installed in the floor base and concrete must be screeded over to accommodate them. It is evident that doing a similar design by hand in a private home is challenging. You must open the screed in the event that a pipe breaks.

When the wiring is arranged vertically, which is commonly referred to as "classic," these issues do not arise. Perfect for two to three story homes. Here, there are multiple heating risers. They can withstand hot water on all floors. You can always use your hands to replace or fix any one riser without having to touch the others.

Types of divorce

It is important to consider the heating system’s design after deciding on the pipe material. The engineer must select a pipe wiring scheme based on the area of heated premises, the building’s layout, including the coolant and energy source. Experts distinguish between various methods for installing pipes within homes.

The upper output system of water (gravity)

Under such a system, the water circulation is determined by natural physical laws (expansion when heated, compression when cooling), with the heating boiler situated at the lowest point of the object. When water is heated, it expands in volume and travels upward through the pipes from the boiler, filling risers and warming radiators. The cooled liquid circulates in a closed circuit and returns to the boiler to reheat.

In terms of setup and cost, the upper outer water system is the most straightforward and affordable. The benefits of this wiring are referred to as:

• independence from electricity;
• the absence of the need to install a circulation pump.

A comparatively small area of heated rooms can benefit from wiring that has an upper water spill. Low efficiency and the requirement to increase boiler equipment power are two drawbacks of the gravity system. Situations where foreigning occurs frequently in the upper output systems—emitting, boiling water—further diminishes heating efficiency. The temperature of the riser and radiators is typically lower in rooms farther from the boiler when the system is being operated there than in other places.

Lower Lower Water Lower System (forced)

In these systems, a special pump that is installed at the output of the collector connected to the boiler is responsible for the coolant circulation. When compared to gravity heating, the system’s performance is significantly higher because of the circulation pump. The ability to install the pipeline beneath the floor and use thinner plastic pipes are two more benefits of this kind of wiring.

Dependency on electricity is the only disadvantage of the lower wiring. The system shuts down and the circulation pump stops when the house’s electricity is unexpectedly cut off.

An additional classification for a change in heating systems is as follows:

• one -pipe – installation of the riser is carried out on the basis of one pipe, which moves away from the boiler and is connected to one radiator, and from it to the next and so on;
• Troinic – several radiators are connected to a common riser;
• Collector – based on the supply and reverse pipelines that are connected to the collectors, and radiators are connected to them using individual pipes.

Crucial! For smaller residential buildings (up to 150 m2), one-pipe wiring is appropriate. In residential buildings and cottages with multiple floors featuring multiple rooms, kitchens, bathrooms, and technical rooms, collector wiring is typically installed.

The purchase of small engineering equipment must be taken care of before scheduling the installation of heating pipes. It consists of various types of condensate ventures, valves, and plugs as well as control and accounting equipment (thermometers and pressure gauges).

Types and characteristics of polypropylene pipes for heating

These days, the producer provides a sizable selection of these goods.

It is imperative to consider this during the procurement process, as structural variations can impact the performance parameters of polypropylene pipes. These products come in single- or multi-layer varieties.

As the most basic, let’s start with a single layer. They could be labeled:

1. Pph – This is the easiest view used for the installation of industrial pipelines, as well as cold water supply.
2. PP – A little more complex type. These pipes are suitable for installation of heating, which also does not exclude their use in cold water supply systems.
3. PPR – The scope of these pipes is already slightly wider than the previous. It is allowed to use in systems not only cold, but also hot water supply.
4. PPS – The most difficult in composition. Permissible temperature limit – up to +95 ° C. Similar pipes can be used even in paired. Of the shortcomings, a fairly high cost can be noted.

Fiberglass or aluminum is layered between the layers of plastic in multilayer pipes, which are known as reinforced polypropylene pipes for heating. These plumbing products cook no worse than a single layer, but they can already be bent.

For heating systems, this is a two-layer reinforced polypropylene.

A form of reinforcement could be this:

• external – continuous aluminum;
• external – perforated aluminum;
• internal – aluminum sheet;
• internal – fiberglass;
• composite materials.

An article about the subject:

Which pipes are better to select for heating? In-depth analyses of the primary selection factors, pipe types, pros and cons, how to insulate the heating system, and expert advice will all be covered in this article.

It should be recognized that the soldering of the pipeline (the coating in the cooking places needs to be removed) sufficiently complicates the external reinforcement; therefore, it is preferable to focus on products made of fiberglass or composite materials.

Naturally, everyone has a different opinion about which propylene pipes work best for heating, but if you look at the features, competitors that use fiberglass reinforcement don’t use fiberglass. In fact, the product cannot, in theory, spread in this situation. This is because, unlike the aluminum layer, which is glued with layers, the fiber is actually soldered into the polypropylene during manufacture.

Inside reinforcement using an aluminum-polypropylene product

Standard dimensions and diameters of polypropylene pipes

If the decision is made to switch the house’s metal heating highway for polypropylene, it is important to note that the two materials differ in terms of external dimensions. The external diameter will precisely differ from the internal diameter. This is because polypropylene pipes have thicker walls than steel pipes do. The most common products used in home heating wiring are those with a cross section of 32 to 40 mm. In the event that the field in question is warm, 16 mm will do.

Expert judgment Andrey Pavlenkov LLC ASP North-West OVIK design engineer (heating, ventilation, and air conditioning)

"The cross-section of old steel pipes and the inner diameter of polypropylene pipes for heating a private house that are displayed on Russian shelves are always the same. This is being done to make replacing outdated communications more convenient."

When purchasing such a material, there is another detail to consider. The external diameter typically provides an accurate indication of the pipe’s size, so errors are very common. Consequently, you will need to either pay money again to buy what you need, or go back to the store and replace the pipes (if that is possible). You must take the following actions to ensure that this does not occur. Clarify the pipe’s outer diameter and deduct two wall thicknesses from it in order to determine the required internal size. We obtain the necessary data in this manner.

There is a large variety of polypropylene products available on store shelves.

Polypropylene for heating

Liquid coolant is transferred from the boiler to the heat exchangers and batteries using polypropylene pipes.

The following factors should be considered when building a heating system. diameter

There is less hydrodynamic resistance in a larger section, which allows for the supply of coolant. Content. Stitched polyethylene is sufficient for the "warm floor," hot water pipe wrapped in fiberglass is used for battery heating installation, and heat-resistant pps pipe works best for boiler strapping. Metal makes up a solid fuel boiler’s strapping. length of the pipeline’s straight sections. One thing polypropylene lacks is linear expansion. The pipe’s length changes when it gets heated. As a result, you should design compensation loops and bends on long, straight sections and not barely fix the corner compounds.

• Diameter. The larger the section, the less hydrodynamic resistance and then the coolant can be supplied.
• Material. For the “warm floor”, it is enough to use stitched polyethylene, for the installation of battery heating, a pipe for hot water is used with fiberglass, it is better to use the heat -resistant to bind the boiler PPS pipe. The strapping of a solid fuel boiler is made of metal.
• The length of the straight sections of the pipeline. Polypropylene has a lack – linear expansion. When heated, the length of the pipe changes. Therefore, you should not hardly fix the corner compounds, and on long direct areas to design compensation loops and bends.

Any heating system makes use of polypropylene.

It works well with warm floors and battery systems alike.

Systems with overheated coolant (above 95 °C) or high pressure (above 10 atmospheres) should not use polypropylene.

Heating wiring scheme in the apartment

The process of transferring heating radiators is challenging, not so much in terms of installation as it is in obtaining permits and arranging technical documentation. Thus, while the radiators are still in their original locations, think about the heating plan.

If you keep things simple, all of the pipes stay in their original locations; the only thing you can do is modify their separation slightly by concealing them beneath the ground. Installing two ball valves before and after each battery is essential if you handle this problem professionally. In the event that a radiator leaks unexpectedly, you can use these cranes to stop the water supply to a running radiator, keeping the rest of the system operating at maximum efficiency.

Make sure to create propylene inserts, as seen in the picture, if you have opted for steel pipes and the radiators are aluminum. This will provide an opportunity to prevent two metals from corroding.

Pros and cons of one -pipe wiring

A connection where the liquid loses temperature as it moves from one radiator to the next is called a single-pipe system. There is no fluid movement in the opposite direction with this scheme. Although it is occasionally used horizontally, it is typically mounted in a vertical configuration. In both private homes and multi-story buildings, it is utilized for heating equipment. It is possible to connect the radiators from below or above.

Cons of this wiring

• The inability to adjust the heating temperature in different parts of the wiring. It is generally difficult to regulate it, since a decrease in the temperature regime at the beginning of the wiring will lead to a minimum of temperature at the end;
• If the temperature difference between the upper point of the wiring and the bottom of the riser is large, then below it may be necessary to install heating batteries with a large number of sections and area than at the beginning of the riser.
• For normal operation, strong pumps are needed, the costs of heating of the boilers are increased, operational wear increases, there is a need for frequent replenishment with water.

Pluses of one -pipe heating wiring with polypropylene pipes

• gives greater savings when laying in consumables and labor objects;
• a more acceptable appearance (less pipes are laid);
• To date, there are many opportunities to correct the functional disadvantages of this system using radiator regulators, thermostatic sensors.

In setting up the heating system for your apartment, choosing the right pipes is crucial. The type of pipes you select affects efficiency, durability, and overall performance. It"s essential to consider factors like material, size, and insulation. Common pipe materials include copper, PEX, and PVC, each with its pros and cons. Copper is durable but costly, while PEX is flexible and resistant to corrosion. PVC is affordable but not suitable for hot water. Size matters too; larger pipes can handle more heat but might be harder to install. Insulation reduces heat loss, so insulated pipes are ideal, especially in colder climates. Overall, weighing these factors ensures you pick the best pipes for your heating system, providing comfort and efficiency for your apartment.

How to solder a heating system

One major benefit of polypropylene pipes is their light weight and easy manufacturing of docking. The link is consistent and unchanging. Every kind of pipe is connected utilizing a unique technology.

The end connection

Utilized for trunk pipes with a large diameter. With a filler bar and heated air, solder is applied. It is similar to using an electrode for metal welding.

By joining the pipes and heating the ends to 270 °C, an uneven joint can be achieved with small diameters. Since the joint is weak and porous and leaks could occur, this method is not used.

Electromoft connection

Used to connect high-pressure pipelines with superior quality. Casing clamps are used to clean and compress the ends of the compounds. On the joint, there is a clutch that already has electric heaters stolen from it. After weakening the clamps, the centering and fixing clamps are installed. The coupling contacts are wired with direct current. On the coupling, there are indicators for voltage, current intensity, and heating duration. The joint is heated, cools, and then becomes operational.

Ground rations

It works with diameters as small as 62 mm. Shaped components from factory manufacturing—adapters, tees, couplings, taps, fittings, and turns—will be needed for the connection.

The following supplies are needed for soldering: a ruler, pencil, scissors, chopper, pure rags, and a soldering iron with Teflon nozzles.

Using spring scissors, cut the foam in the connected pipes to the desired size. There are 8 to 10 mm of stock left for the junction when measuring.

Picture 1. the procedure for cutting polypropylene pipe rations. An specialized soldering iron is needed for this.

Clean and degrease the fitting’s seats and ends. Water, fat, and dirt obstruct polypropylene welding, making it impossible to create a solid, sealed joint.

We take note of the seat’s depth in the pipe fitting at the end. A couple of millimeters Put plastic aside for extra.

When welding a pipe reinforced with aluminum foil, we employ a specialized tool called a "sharpener." This tool ensures that the reinforcement is cut uniformly, resulting in a reliable joint.

Take note! The welded polypropylene surface needs to be dry and spotless. We apply degreasing and rags.

If there is a system change or repair, make sure the water is removed.

The soldering iron should be heated to between 260 and 280 °C. We attach the pipe and coupling—not the Teflon tips—and wait five to seven seconds. Connect the joint and fix for ten to fifteen seconds after heating.

Heating causes the polypropylene to weld into the monolith. As a result, you shouldn’t tighten, squeeze, or change the position because the joint will end up being of low quality.

The plastic that is still inside the fitting may narrow or even block it when it overheats.

Two to three millimeters are left in the planting nest for extra plastic.

As such, the markup phase is equally crucial.

The joint can be used right away after cooling.

As it cools, the connection gets stronger.

Advantages of polypropylene products in the heating system

• Very simple installation. You can lay such a network on your own, and for steel analogues you need to use a professional welder.
• Polypropylene products are not corroded, and this largely increases the terms of use of the network.
• Deposits are not formed inside the blanks, and they do not clog as steel pipeline analogues.
• Polypropylene products are very flexible, but at the same time they have a large indicator of mechanical stability, they function at high temperature and pressure.
• The liquid in such a highway circulates better, and this increases the heat transfer of the network.
• The cost of such a network is much less, when compared with other materials.

These qualities have all contributed to the increasing usage of these pipeline materials.

Rules for the production of contact heat welding

Polypropylene heating system installation is done in a space that is at least 5 °C. Components that are consumable for heat welding must meet the requirements (PPRS).

Soldering iron steps for connecting polypropylene pipes

The following is the order in which components are manufactured at the workplace:

• cuts of the pipes are made with special scissors according to preliminary markings on the housing;
• The preparation of the cut surface includes the removal of the chamfer to a depth of 1 mm at an angle of 30 ° and degreasing the end of the pipe with acetone;
• A mark of borders of the swimming trunks – at the end of the pipes with a pencil, restrictive risk is applied;
• processing of working surfaces of the soldering iron;
• heating the tool;
• melting parts (with exposure of temporary ranges of the diameter of the pipes according to the passport of the device, and the alignment of parts with the iron body);
• docking of the node without displacement and rotation of elements;
• cooling.

The pipe’s warming section’s dimensions are as follows:

Diameter, mm	20	25	32	40	50
Distance from the end, mm	14.5	16	18	20.5	23.5

Temporary regulations (normative values) for manual heat welding:

The outer diameter of the pipe/internal diameter of the fitting, mm	Time, p
Contact with the nozzle	Docking	Cooling
20	5	4	120
25	7	4	120
32	8	6	240
40	12	8	300

A polypropylene soldering iron has an electric current voltage of 36V. A protective shutdown machine is needed for the tool to operate from the home network.

Following the cooling of the connections, the joint junction, the consistency of the weld roller, and the lack of welding flaws are examined. The number of connecting units has no bearing on the system’s throughput as long as they adhere to contact welding regulations. The physical characteristics of the material and the connection technique cause minor resistance in welded details without limiting the pipe’s passage. A hydraulic test is performed sixteen hours after welding to determine the system’s density and strength of PP pipes.

Using specialized glue to connect pipes (cold welding)

Isolating mats

Whether you choose to replace your radiators or not, you still need to consider how to stop the heat from leaving your home. This is accomplished by installing specialized aluminum insulating mats on the wall behind the heating radiator. The installed mats increase the heat transfer from the battery by twenty percent, if you take a block of Khrushchev.

Installing the insulating mat is simple. The insulation must have holes drilled for the hooks that hang the radiators. Put mounting adhesive or silicone on the wall itself. Next, we take insulating screens, attach hooks to them, and gradually press them up against the wall to smooth it out. Use of mineral wool insulating mats is not recommended. Glass can be harmful to your health. Mats for thermal insulation should be composed of organic or natural fibers.

Radiator screens are necessary if you wish to give the old radiators an attractive appearance. Many buy them, and many make them themselves. Keep in mind that not every screen will work well because thermal conductivity needs to be considered when installing them.

How to choose fittings

Use fittings to join separate sections of PP pipeline rather than soldering them together. Not a single private home’s heating network could function without these extra details. Diameters and forms are typically used to categorize fittings.

The following fittings are used when installing a polypropylene pipe machine:

• Couplings;
• Adapters;
• Corners;
• Tees;

Video: Selecting an Installable Pipeline

The joining. Installing pipes with the same diameter is made easiest with this view.

A converter. These are also straightforward gadgets with varying end diameters.

Corner. It is installed in locations where the pipe machine has a turn in it. You can perform the highway corner without bending with such a device. The bathroom mixers and other plumbing equipment can be connected to the corners because they are fitted with outdoor metal threads.

Tee. Multiple blanks can be installed simultaneously with these fittings. These kinds of plastic connecting pieces can be used to join heterogeneous pipelines.

Crucial! The contours are installed for the highway that circles the item. They enable you to stop the blanks from happening.

When high joint strength cannot always be achieved using the rifled method, "American" is used. This particular fitti has a metal thread on one side, making it unique. Its reverse side has a polypropylene foundation. in order to join plastic and metal.

Video: Do-it-yourself plastic heating installation

It is advised to pay close attention to the fittings’ diameter when purchasing them; they should unquestionably match the diameter of the pipes. The marking indicates this diameter.

The manufacturer’s fittings are the recommended choice by experts for pipes because only in this scenario can the best possible connection quality be attained.

Stages of work

The hosts’ first concern should be making arrangements for the future heating plan. To do this, a separate drawing is created that shows the diameter of each component, the length of the pipes, the location of the radiators, and the angles of inclination.

Drawing for the heating plan

You can also make the necessary markings directly on the room’s walls if the system is set up to complete the task.

Included in the installation (rough plan) is:

• “Cutting” – marking and segment of pipes of the required length;
• cutting cuts (flanges without burrs are necessary for polypropylene and metal -plastic pipes);
• connection of pipes and fittings (couplings);
• installation of the highway on the walls of the room (the so -called wiring);
• Connection of heating equipment (radiators and boiler).

There are two sorts of warfare:

Upper, regardless of whether the system has a circulation pump. The heated coolant passes through the supply pipe, descends through the radiators, and then rises from the boiler through this connection. The diameter of the upper pipe is greater than that of the return.

Lower; only functional in mandatory circulation systems. There is more efficiency with this kind of connection. The lower, larger-diameter pipe allows water to enter the radiators. At the top, around the outside of the structure, is where you’ll find the return.

The wiring is done based on how radiators are connected:

1. Collector, when a straight and return pipe joins each riser, collectors are installed. Then each of the radiators is connected to the collectors of a separate pipe.
2. Trigeminal when several radiators are connected to each of the risers.
3. One -pipe, when only one pipe comes from each riser. The connection of the radiators is consistent: first the first from the boiler, then the second, and so on. Such wiring is suitable for rooms with an area of up to 150 kV. meters (each subsequent battery will be slightly colder than the previous one).

We make a heating circuit

The heating plans utilizing polypropylene pipes are identical to those utilizing other materials. She could be:

• one- or two-pipe;
• collector.

Diagram of a single-pipe connection

Small homes typically have low-length circuits with a single pipe. All devices are connected by a single pipe that runs alternatingly and enters the heating device through the return. Because it is impossible to heat every room evenly even with regulators installed, some of the thermal energy is lost by the circulating liquid.

When two pipes are used for heating in an apartment or private home, one separate line is designated for the supply of coolant and the return. Although this option’s productivity is marginally higher than the previous one’s, it still doesn’t address the problem of the heating radiators’ unevenness.

Diagram of a two-pipe connection

The ideal solution for individual homes occupying a sizable area is a heating system configured using a collector (radial) scheme. Pipes (feeding and return) connect the distribution collector to the small contours and individual heating devices. Hot water is simultaneously supplied to every area simultaneously.

The upper or lower wiring is used to arrange the collector scheme. In the first option, the highway is positioned in the attic, with risers descending to specific devices or contours. For air removal, a special valve must be installed at the upper point. For natural coolant circulation in two-story buildings, this method of heating a private residence with your hands is utilized.

Diagram showing the connection between the collector

In the lower installation, the highway is installed below floor level; in this instance, risers are installed higher.

Connection of polypropylene pipes

Connectivity between polypropylene pipes and a metal heating system pipe

Assuming that you are capable of welding polypropylene pipes, you can mount heating using your hands. In extreme circumstances, having a "huge" desire to learn how to weld such pipes and fittings is the minimal requirement to mount polypropylene heating.

• Muft (blank) welding – is used in the welding of two pipes with a diameter of up to 63 mm using the third element – a coupling;
• butt – used to welding pipes of large diameter "VSTOK" and involves the use of special centering equipment

Flip welding of polypropylene parts

Typically, a manual device with a sleeve and dorn nozzle is used to weld polypropylene pipes for polypropylene heating.

The purpose of the sleeve is to heat and melt the pipe’s outer surface, while the Dorn is used to heat and melt the connecting element’s internal bell (coupling).

These nozzles’ diameters have to match the diameters of the welded pipes, and they have a Teflon coating on their surface that has an anti-prigar effect.

Polypropylene pipelines and welding equipment

Take note! When installing heating systems using polypropylene pipes, care must be taken to ensure that the heating nozzle surfaces are clean. If needed, wooden sticks should be used to remove any adherent polypropylene fragments. Crucial! Only when the nozzles are preheated can their surfaces be cleaned!

Crucial! Only when the nozzles are preheated can their surfaces be cleaned!

Welding components with Teflon coating

The welding machine is set up for "stationary" welding by placing it on a level surface and installing the required nozzles.

The welding procedure

The soldering iron’s nozzles are attached to the edge of the heating element in case work needs to be done "on the wall."

The ideal welding temperature for polypropylene pipes is 260 °C. The device needs to heat up in ten to fifteen minutes before it can begin operating.

Take note! Welding polypropylene pipes at room temperature less than 0 OS is not advised.

The following order is followed when using the bell of parts with each other:

Pipe or cut at right angles with scissors.

If the fitting or pipe’s end is contaminated, clean it, then use alcohol or soapy water to degrease it before drying it.

If either the PN 10 or PN 20 pipes are welded, we skip this step and go straight to the fourth.

A conduit

Aluminum and polypropylene are the two upper layers that must be removed with a specialized tool in order to weld reinforced pipes of the PN 25 type. The depth of the bell’s seat determines the depth of stripping. It frequently relates to how deep the shaver processes the pipe.

The welded components are placed atop the heating elements. The components of the parts heat up simultaneously.

Joining of heated components

Once they have heated up, take them out of the nozzles and quickly attach them without rotating on their axis.

Link

We wait a while for the polymer to cool and solidify. Alternatively, it is unacceptable that the connection point distorted during the cooling period.

Take note! There is only one method to fix a failed connection: cutting the fitting and welding the replacement in place.

When welding ball valves, be careful to position them correctly. The rotary handle on these valves should never "rest" against a wall or other nearby object.

We examine the welded joint’s appearance, which needs to adhere to the following specifications:

• a significant violation of the alignment of the pipes is not allowed;
• the surface of the bell (coupling) should not have cracks or other defects;
• Near the edge of the coupling of the part welded to the pipe, a continuous strip should be visible, located along the entire circle of the roller of the melted material, which should protrude beyond the end surface of the connecting part.

Assing welding

Equipment for butt welding

For polypropylene pipes with a diameter of at least 50 mm and a wall thickness of more than 4 mm, assing welding is done with specialized equipment. We won’t go into detail about this problem in the context of this article.

How to make a heating system in a private house with your own hands

There are lots of different kinds of heating systems. Every system is unique and designed to address particular issues.

You should consider the following source data when making your decision:

• The number of storeys and area of the house. For heating several floors, complex systems with calculation of hydrodynamic resistance are used. Suitable for a distribution system with a riser, "loop of the Tichelman". For a one -story building, a simple layout of the Leningrada one -pipe system, a simple lower spill system, will be optimal.
• Layout and aesthetic considerations. So that the pipes do not spoil the appearance of the walls and do not interfere with the installation of furniture, you can design decorative screens for the upper spill, hide the lower spill into the walls or screed of the floor. Pipes should not go under the doors, do not interfere when walking. Heat is evenly distributed throughout the heated room.
• Energy dependence. If there are frequent and long -term disconnections of electricity in the house, it is better to design a gravity system with an open expansion tank. If there are no power outages, use a more effective closed system with a membrane expansion tank and forced circulation. Pipes can be smaller diameter.
• Power. Depends on the heat loss of the house. The larger the power of the system, the greater the diameter of the pipes to facilitate the circulation of the coolant.

Instruments for installation

A reasonably priced set of devices will be needed for the system’s assembly.

• Tools for working with polypropylene. This is a soldering iron, chipper scissors, rags, ruler, pencil, degreaser. To remove aluminum reinforcement, expansion of the corresponding diameter will be required.

Picture 2: A unique soldering tool for joining polypropylene pipes. Two holes with varying diameters are present in the device.

• A set of plumbing supplies -ROD and divorce keys, FUM ticks, ticks.
• A set of construction tools: Perforator, grinder, gun for mounting foam, mixer.

Stages of performance of work, heating design scheme

The heating system is assembled in a methodical, sequential fashion.

• Marking the installation of a boiler and batteries. Radiators are placed at the entrance and under the windows to create the correct convection flows in the room. The boiler can be installed in the boiler room, some types are allowed to be placed near any outer wall.
• Determination of pipes passage. Be sure to design compensation loops – the length of polypropylene pipes when heated changes.
• Hanging the boiler and its strapping. If necessary, connect a water supply to it, gas. The strapping of a solid fuel boiler is best made of metal. The gas boiler is connected with polypropylene pipes with heat -resistant characteristics.
• With a collector system, we connect a “rowing” – a distributor. If the system is two -trenched, you can do with tees.
• Install an expansion tank and security group. The volume of the expansion tank is calculated based on the volume of water in the system.
• We fix the fasteners to the floor or wall. If the system with gravitational circulation – we observe the slopes.
• Mount the pipes, connect the batteries.
• After the installation is completed, we are crimping the system. Disconnect the batteries, kill all outputs with traffic jams. We supply air under pressure 8-10 atmospheres. If the fistulas are revealed, we eliminate.
• We connect the batteries, boiler, expansion tank.
• Fill the system with water, We remove air from the upper points.
• We carry out a trial launch. We pay attention to pipes, joints, places of connection. We verify the uniformity of the heating of the batteries.
• Learn the pipes in the screed, wall or decorative box.

Photo 3: The plan for a two-story building’s polypropylene pipe heating system.

How to choose heating pipes

This question is very important because, if you do not account for the complexity of the work and the cost of the materials, thermal conductivity will also affect how long your heating system lasts.

Steel

In actuality, this is an endless heating system, and it is nearly impossible to say anything about steel pipes. Steel pipes will also be the least expensive among the other varieties. However, there are two at the same time that must be considered.

1. It will be difficult to work with steel and a welding machine is needed for this. Therefore, for independence, you must have the skills of a welder. If you do not have such skills, then it is better to hire a specialist, since a professional welder will put a seam that will be forever tight and you will sleep calmly.
2. If you are going to install aluminum heating radiators, then it is imperative to insert polypropylene inserts between radiators and pipes. Otherwise, the mounting joints between aluminum and steel will give the effect of a galvanic pair and electro corrosion will begin.

Polypropylene

One advantage of polypropylene pipes is that they are easy to install, offer good soundproofing, and don’t cause heat buildup in the ceiling. This is the primary rival for heating systems steel pipes. The amount of money paid for heating will inevitably change if all of the pipes in an apartment complex are replaced with propylene, which will result in a multiple reduction in heat leaks.

Polypropylene is very convenient to work with. A water supply system can be soldered quickly, whereas metal-plastic pipes take longer. Additionally, these pipes are currently fashionable. Many people replace their metal water pipes with polypropylene ones because they are less expensive to replace and don’t cost as much. Additionally, you can lay the wiring however you like with the aid of propylene pipes.

Metal -plastic

The cost of metaloplasty heating pipes is slightly higher than that of polypropylene pipes. Additional tools will also be required for heating installation, including a pipeline, a pipe bend, and a collapsible press. Like anything, there are advantages and disadvantages. Gaskets in the connectors frequently cause leaks. The pipes themselves dislike the sun’s direct rays. Plastic-metal pipes cannot withstand blows to them.

The sole benefit will be to increase the profitability of heating an apartment using metal and plastic pipes. Renting equipment will, on average, be far less expensive than purchasing different fitness equipment. Because metalloplasty pipes are bendable, the pipes’ meters are changed appropriately. Since the pipes are fairly thin, hiding them beneath the floor is simple.

Copper pipes

Allow the vendors of copper pipes to keep their conversation about copper and its attributes to themselves. I’m not saying copper pipe heating isn’t good. This is the entire pipe soldering process. Tin solder is used to join the pipes together. Because the tin is not sufficiently hard, it reacts chemically with oxygen to gradually break down the adhesion.

Every radio hobbyist is aware that old rations on details eventually get destroyed and must be re-seized. Similar to how copper pipe adhesions destroy tin. There is still debate regarding the use of copper for the water supply, but if a leak develops in the mounting connection, heat won’t be provided in the bucket during the winter.

You can therefore sum up the selection of heating pipes. Draw pipes, which are made of plastic and metal, are a safe option for heating in apartments. Steel or polypropylene would be the best materials if this were a private residence.

How to choose pipes for the installation of the heating system

The functioning parameters of the future pipeline must be compared with technical parameters when selecting pipeline materials because this will determine the type of polypropylene pipes we will purchase.

In order to install heating and hot water supply, the following products must be taken with labels:

These materials transfer temperature surges up to one hundred degrees Celsius and function on a network with temperature indicators set to ninety degrees. These products can also be utilized in pipelines that have pressures between 20 and 25 atm.

We offer to familiarize you with the information needed to create heating in your home on your own.

Crucial! Reinforced PN 25 products are the best choice for a heating highway in a private residence. These piping materials’ constructive qualities increase their durability and enable them to transfer high temperatures without deforming.

Guidelines for selecting heating options for polypropylene:

• The main indicator is the appearance of the workpieces.
• High -quality blanks are characterized by a flat round shape.
• The material that was used for manufacture should be homogeneous.
• All products must contain labeling.

Conclusion and additional useful tips

Performing the required working operations error-free is not too difficult with the aid of comprehensive instructions, photos, and videos of the materials. Any theoretical knowledge, though, needs to be put to the test in real life. It’s best to practice beforehand in order to acquire the required abilities. As a result, incredibly trustworthy connections will be made. When installing the pipeline inside of buildings where there is no open access, extra caution should be taken.

You can post questions, comments, and examples of both good and bad products in the article’s comments section. This kind of communication will help weed out incorrect actions and raise the possibility that real-world issues can be solved successfully.

Selecting the appropriate plumbing and heating system for your apartment is essential to guaranteeing efficiency and comfort. Different materials such as copper, PEX, and PVC have different advantages and disadvantages when it comes to choosing pipes. Although they can tolerate high temperatures and are long-lasting, copper pipes can be costly. While PVC pipes are less expensive but might not be appropriate for hot water applications, PEX pipes are flexible and simple to install.

When making your choice, take into account elements like your spending limit, the design of your apartment, and the climate in the area. Weighing these considerations and selecting the best solution for your requirements can be facilitated by consulting with an expert installer. Furthermore, you can prevent heat loss and eventually lower energy costs by making an investment in appropriate insulation for your pipes.

Ensuring the longevity and efficacy of your heating system requires proper installation. To ensure that everything is configured correctly and to help avoid common pitfalls, hire a qualified technician to install your system. This entails adhering to regional building codes, making sure the system is appropriately sized for your area, and providing enough ventilation.

Maintaining the proper operation of your heating system requires routine maintenance. This entails doing things like cleaning filters, looking for leaks, and assessing the area for wear and tear. Maintaining a proactive approach to maintenance will help you identify possible problems early and avoid future, expensive repairs.

In conclusion, the selection of pipes and the installation of a heating system in your apartment are critical choices that can affect both your comfort and energy efficiency. You can guarantee a warm and cozy living space for many years to come by carefully weighing your options, getting expert advice, and being proactive with maintenance.