How to make supply ventilation in a private house with your own hands: the principle of work, design and installation

Maintaining a healthy and cozy interior environment in a private home requires adequate ventilation. Providing ventilation systems is one efficient way to do this. These systems encourage air circulation and lessen the accumulation of pollutants by bringing in fresh outdoor air and simultaneously expelling stale indoor air.

Before beginning the design and installation process, it is imperative to comprehend the basic principles underlying supply ventilation systems. The fundamental idea behind these systems’ operation is to create a pressure differential between indoor and outdoor spaces. Fresh air is sucked into the home through ducts while stale air is blown out by fans or other mechanical devices.

A supply ventilation system’s design must carefully take into account a number of variables, including the house’s size, occupancy, and climate in the area. Appropriate ventilation equipment selection and ductwork sizing are essential for achieving maximum performance and energy efficiency.

Many homeowners might find it intimidating to take on an installation project on their own. However, installing a supply ventilation system in a private home yourself is feasible if you have the proper advice and comprehension of the procedure. This reduces installation expenses while also enabling customization to meet unique requirements and tastes.

Principle of Work	Supply ventilation brings fresh outdoor air into the house while expelling stale indoor air, improving air quality.
Design	It typically consists of a fan, ductwork, filters, and vents strategically placed to ensure proper air circulation.
Installation	You"ll need to plan the layout, install ducts, position the fan, and integrate filters and vents correctly for efficient operation.

What is ventilation in a private house for

Indoor air exchange has a direct impact on people’s daily lives. The hygienic and sanitary conditions required to keep a person in tone and protect his health and well-being are provided by ventilation. It also carries out the subsequent duties:

• removes the accumulated volumes of carbon dioxide and fills the room with oxygen;
• supports air purity, reducing the level of particle dangerous human health;
• removes unpleasant odors from the room – physiological discharge of the body, aromas of perfumes, the smell of cosmetics and household chemicals;
• normalizes the overall level of humidity in the room.

The primary cause of mold and fungi, which are harmful to human health and shorten the lifespan of electrical appliances as well as degrade the appearance of furniture and finishing materials, is persistently high humidity.

Although there are more issues that arise from inadequate ventilation or improper operation, the ones listed above should be sufficient to highlight how crucial this system is. Consideration is given to both type and installation techniques when designing a residential building. We advise you to start setting up a ventilation system as soon as possible if a private home or cottage isn’t already outfitted with one.

When a residential building is being designed, the ventilation system is taken into consideration.

Ventilation systems installed in homes with gas boilers are subject to special regulations. Our article, https:// aqua-rmnt.COM/Ventilyaciya/Ventkanal-Dlya-Gazovogo-Kotla-V-Chastnom-Dome.HTML, has more information about this.

Types of ventilation systems

The following kinds of systems—a collection of air ducts and apparatus for supply, air replacement, cleaning, heating, and cooling—are employed in private homes:

Natural – air exchange is achieved by the difference in pressure inside and outside the structure. It does not require large costs for the purchase of equipment and maintenance, since electricity is not needed for work. Its effectiveness directly depends on the temperature and purity of the air outside the house, the speed of air flows and their directions. This is its main drawback, since the air is supplied in the state and the temperature as it was outside the house.

Because there is a difference in air pressure inside and outside the private house, natural ventilation causes the air to flow.

With forced ventilation, specific devices are used to move the air flows.

Despite the high cost of operation, it is advised to use mechanical (forced) ventilation when setting up a private residence. Combining it with natural will only make it more effective.

The apartment’s rooms also require adequate ventilation, particularly the bathroom. There is a wenkanal in these types of buildings where a custom fan can be installed. You can find the material at https:// aqua-rmnt.COM/Ventilyaciya/Ustanovka-Ventilyatora-Dlya-Vytyazhki-V-Vannoj-Komnate-Svoimi-Rukami.HTML, along with step-by-step installation instructions.

Varieties of forced ventilation systems

There are two categories of forced type ventilation based on the air exchange method:

1. Local (a complex of ducts that provide a flow of fresh air in a certain place). Delivery of clean and removal of contaminated air occurs only in the room where the channel is displayed.
2. General exchange (allows you to create the same conditions in all premises of the residential structure due to the system of combined air ducts brought into each of the rooms).

It is categorized for the following varieties according to its purpose:

• supply – used to supply air volume, which can be heated or cool to a certain temperature;
• exhaust – used to remove contaminated air, combustion products, steam;
• supply and exhaust-provides the simultaneous supply of fresh and removal of spent air.

It is advised to utilize forced supply ventilation when furnishing a private residence. The system offers the best ventilation possible while accounting for the room’s air parameters and temperature regime.

The apartment’s supply and exhaust ventilation simultaneously removes spent air and supplies fresh air.

Design and device of supply ventilation

Depending on the device method, the supply system can be:

• channel (air is delivered to the room by means of pipes and metal boxes);
• non -channel (compact equipment in the form of a valve, which is mounted in a hole in the wall).

Test and monoblock systems

Both the monoblock (parts are placed in a closed case protected by noise insulation material) and district ventilation canal types are made up of separate equipment mounted along the channel run.

Tint supply ventilation is made up of a variety of devices that are positioned throughout the channel.

Typically, the installation is placed in an attic, beneath a suspended ceiling, or in a designated area designated for communication cabling. It lets you purify the air in any kind of room, no matter how big or small. Its large dimensions and complicated device are its only drawbacks. The following components make up the supply of the set-type type:

Air lattice. It is mounted on the outside of the structure, necessary for the fence of fresh air and protect the channel from large garbage.

The channel is shielded from objects that could harm it by the air grid.

A spring is not as dependable as an automatic air valve.

Particles as small as 1 μm are delayed by the thin cleaning filter.

Systems designed to supply ventilation in large rooms use water heaters.

There is an additional noise lodger installed in the system to stop noise from spreading through the ventilation canal.

The diffuser is fastened to the side of the air duct exit.

Installation of monoblocks is less noisy, allowing for indoor installation. When it comes to assembly, every component is chosen and examined. This eliminates the chance of power subsidence and other issues during equipment operation.

Compact supply ventilation system

This design consists of a supply valve with a fan, air filter, and air heater inside. Its affordability, low electricity usage, and simplicity of installation are its advantages. Compact systems vary in terms of design, dimensions, performance, and device complexity.

The small space for which the compact supply ventilation system is intended

Certain installations have the option of being linked to a central ventilation system. Conditional differentiation can be made between the following types:

• Veeter – supply unit without automatic temperature and power adjustment, the ventilation of the room occurs only in the mode selected by the user;
• Aerihiver – ventilator with the possibility of automatic support for the temperature regime;
• Briser is a compact device in the form of a wall block, adjusting to changes in the external environment, which is equipped with a stepped air cleaning system and has a digital panel, remote control panel.

Video: Organization of supply and exhaust ventilation in a wooden house

Creating supply ventilation in a private home is vital for maintaining indoor air quality and comfort. This system works by bringing fresh air into the house while simultaneously expelling stale air, regulating temperature, and reducing humidity. To set up supply ventilation on your own, you need to understand the basic principle: it involves a fan that pulls fresh air from outside into the house through ducts, distributing it to various rooms. Proper design considers factors like air volume, duct layout, and filtration. Installation involves placing the fan, ductwork, and vents strategically throughout the house. By following these steps, you can improve air circulation and overall comfort in your home while ensuring a healthier living environment for you and your family.

The principle of operation of supply ventilation

The pressure differential between the inside and outside of the room causes air exchange in the supply ventilation system. This is a natural process that takes place without the use of any extra tools. There are advantages and disadvantages to the plan. The air taken outside will smell strongly and be full of harmful particles if a residential building is close to a motorway or an industrial facility. Using the canal type forced duct ventilation is advised to address the issue in private buildings. In this instance, specialized equipment will be used to raise the air from the street.

Air heating ventilation

The air heater system operates on a similar principle as the scheme mentioned above. Natural traction or a fan causes the air from the outside of the room to enter the ventilation duct, where it is cleaned and then enters the caloriece. Two different kinds of air heaters are released, depending on the coolant used:

• water – consists of heat -rolling tubes and bimetallic grilles, is connected to central water supply or heating equipment through a mixing unit;
• electric – the heating element is the heating element, the maximum temperature of the heated air is not more than 50 ° C with an air flow up to 1.5 m/s.

It is advised that apartments and other private homes with a maximum area of 100 m 2 use an electric cooker. Installing a water duct in the houses in the greater area is more advised because it will function in conjunction with central heating and a heated floor.

For rooms up to 100 m² in size, product and exhaust ventilation with a water calorifier is intended.

Air heating supply ventilation

Using a caloriece for ventilation to provide air heating is one of the contemporary methods for housing heating. The fact that the system combines air conditioning, ventilation, and heating into one unit is what makes it unique. The air in the air ducts is heated during the colder months and cooled to a comfortable temperature during the summer. This approach to the houses of Malaya and Middle Square is both universal and economically sound.

In the event that a residential building lacks central heating or warm floor systems, you can warm the house without incurring additional costs if you combine the air heating system with one of the suggested alternatives.

Automation is a feature of many modern supply ventilation systems that helps to regulate the temperature of the heated air. For instance, the equipment’s function can be delegated to an economical regime if residents are gone from their homes for an extended period of time. Once the full mode of operation is resumed, this will enable the room to heat up to 10–12 °C, and the house will quickly reach a comfortable temperature of 18–20 °C.

Disadvantages of supply ventilation systems

Among the supply ventilation’s shortcomings, the following stand out:

• electricity consumption, which carries financial costs;
• high noise;
• Cost – the price of equipment and installation of ventilation directly depends on its type, design and total system power.

It is unlikely that you will install direct ventilation with a lot of equipment by hand. Installing is done by people with specialized training. If not, the official dealer or manufacturer may choose not to fulfill their warranty obligations.

There is a lot of noise in the ventilation supply system.

Design and calculation of the supply ventilation system

Prior to purchasing any equipment or parts for the installation of a ventilation system, their technical specifications are determined by factoring in the room’s size, air quality, and air duct section. The final step involves choosing the necessary equipment, such as a fan, calorifier, etc. D.

Air performance

The air performance of a room is expressed in m³/h, which is the amount of air that passes through it in a given amount of time. Only properties where tenants will spend more than two hours a day are included in the computation. These rooms consist of living rooms, bedrooms, and children’s rooms.

The computation is not done for hallways, kitchens, bathrooms, or restrooms. Exhaust valves in these rooms allow contaminated air to be released.

This value is governed by SNiP under number 41–01–2003: in rooms without natural ventilation, a minimum air flow of 60 m³/h must be established for a single person. One- or double-air exchange is what causes the incoming air to circulate. This phrase indicates that the air mass in the ventilated room will completely replace itself in an hour. The air consumption is calculated based on the performance and air exchange:

• By the number of residents: l1 = n * ln, where L1 is the productivity of ventilation in m³/h, n – the number of residents, LN – normalized air consumption;
• In terms of multiplicity: l2 = n * v, where L2 is the productivity of ventilation in m³/h, n – air frequency, v is the volume of the room.

For instance, a living room that is 10 m³ in size and 2.3 m high for one person needs ventilation with a 60 m³/h capacity, L1 = 60 m³/h, and L2 = 46 m³/h.

Prior to determining the supply ventilation, the system’s air performance is assessed.

The size of the air ducts

Following the determination of the ideal ventilation power, they calculate the distribution channels, which are made up of air ducts, branches, and valves. During the design phase, an air duct layout will need to be created. ideal if multiple choices are assembled. The optimal solution is chosen based on these drawings, allowing the ventilation channel to have the shortest length while still supplying the required amount of air to a specific room.

These formulas are used to calculate the air duct section:

• The calculation area: S1 = K * 2.778/V, where K is the air flow through the air ducts in m³/h, V is the air flow rate in m/s, 2.778 – constant coefficient;
• Actual area for round air ducts: S2 = π * D 2 /400, where π is 3.14, D is the diameter of the duct;
• Actual area for square air ducts: S3 = L * H / 100, where L and H are the width and height of the duct, respectively.

You can use a table with parameters that have already been calculated for air channels of standard size.

Table: air flow consumption for air ducts of the round and rectangular section

Parameters of air ducts			Air flow in m 3 /h at air speed
Diameter of a round duct, mm	The dimensions of the rectangular duct, mm	The area of the air duct section, cm 2	2 m/s	3 m/s	4 m/s	5 m/s	6 m/s
80×90	72	52	78	104	130	156
100	63×125	79	57	85	113	142	170
63×140	88	63	95	127	159	190
110	90×100	90	65	97	130	162	194
80×140	112	81	121	161	202	242
125	100×125	125	90	135	180	225	270
100×140	140	101	151	202	252	302
140	125×125	156	112	169	225	281	337
90×200	180	130	194	281	324	389
160	100×200	200	144	216	324	360	432
90×250	225	162	243	360	405	486
180	160×160	256	184	276	369	461	553
90×315	283	204	306	408	510	612
200	100×315	315	227	340	454	567	680
100×355	355	256	383	511	639	767
225	160×250	400	288	432	576	720	864
125×355	443	319	479	639	799	958
250	125×400	500	360	639	720	900	1080
200×315	630	454	680	907	1134	1361
300	200×355	710	511	767	1022	1278	1533
160×450	720	518	778	1037	1296	1555
315	250×315	787	567	850	1134	1417	1701
250×355	887	639	958	1278	1597	1917
350	200×500	1000	720	1080	1440	1800	2160
250×450	1125	810	1215	1620	2025	2430
400	250×500	1250	900	1350	1800	2250	2700

The power of the air heater

The minimum air temperature outside the building during the winter and the required air temperature at the ventilation duct’s exit are necessary information to compute power. The nominal value of 18 °C is chosen for a comfortable temperature at the output. The region is taken into consideration when choosing the minimum temperature. The following formula is used to determine the califfer’s capacity:

• P = t * l * 0.336 / 1000, where T is the temperature difference at the entrance to the ventilation duct and the output from the califfer, L is the power of the ventilation system in m³ / h, 0.336 – the heat capacity of the air without taking into account its humidity and temperature;
• Taking into account the data from the example above: p = 44 * 120 * 0.336 / 1000, to supply warm air with a temperature of 18 ° C in a living room with an area of 10 m 2, ventilation with an air heater with a capacity of about 1.8 kW is required.

As water from central or autonomous heating will be used for heating, selecting water equipment is advised if the power exceeds 5 kW. This will lower the overall cost of system maintenance.

It is recommended to select water equipment if the power exceeds 5 kW.

DIY ventilation installation of a system of supply ventilation

Its power and design determine the supply ventilation installation technology. Since the ventilation will consist of a system of channels and equipment that are placed under the ceiling or in the attic, installation is best done during the stage of the structure’s interior decoration. Pre-recreator ventilators, or compact supply ventilation, are perfect for small-space homes and apartments. Its installation can be completed independently with a basic tool and operates in both supply and exhaust mode.

Appliances in private homes can be installed on their own

You’ll need to get ready for installation work with a perforator, scissors, a household vacuum cleaner, a metal knife, and a screwdriver. Technology used for installation:

Before starting installation, select the place where the ventilator will be installed. The device is recommended to be installed in the upper or lower part of the wall.

The upper or lower portion of the wall is where the supply ventilator is installed.

The diameter of the hole in an air duct with a 150 mm section shouldn’t be greater than 160 mm.

The building’s facade is covered with a protective cap that is installed with a 1-3 mm protrusion.

A protective cover is put in the duct after the ventricator cartridge is connected.

The last step of installation is attaching the outer cap and thin-tuning the ventilator.

The intra-apartment unit is closed after configuration, and the system’s performance is examined.

Video: Installation of a supply venturer for private housing

Maintaining adequate ventilation in your house is essential for both general comfort and indoor air quality. We have examined supply ventilation in a private home in this guide, providing details on its operation, design factors, and installation procedure.

The way supply ventilation operates is by drawing in fresh outdoor air and expelling old indoor air at the same time. This ongoing exchange enhances general air circulation, controls humidity levels, and dilutes indoor pollutants. Supply vents can be placed thoughtfully throughout the house to guarantee that there is always fresh air flowing into living areas.

The size of the home, the local climate, and the unique ventilation requirements of each room must all be taken into account when designing a supply ventilation system. To guarantee effective airflow and avoid problems like backdrafting or insufficient ventilation, proper sizing of ventilation fans and ductwork is essential.

Although homeowners with basic do-it-yourself skills can install a supply ventilation system, it is advisable to consult a professional HVAC technician, particularly for more complex setups. In order to control airflow and filter out airborne particles, the process usually entails installing supply vents in exterior walls or ceilings, connecting them to a central air distribution system, and adding filters and dampers.

To ensure optimal performance and extend the system’s lifespan, regular maintenance is imperative for the supply ventilation system. This entails checking the ductwork for leaks or obstructions, cleaning or replacing filters as needed, and keeping an eye on airflow to guarantee even ventilation throughout the house.

In conclusion, installing a supply ventilation system in a private home is a doable do-it-yourself task that has major advantages for comfort and indoor air quality. Through a thorough understanding of supply ventilation principles, meticulous design planning, and adherence to appropriate installation and maintenance protocols, homeowners can effectively promote a healthier and more comfortable living environment for their families.