How to make a well in the dacha: the order of drilling a well “on the sand” + analysis of popular mistakes

Having a dependable water source is crucial for many homeowners, particularly those who own dachas or country cottages. Some people might have access to municipal water, but others get their water from wells. To guarantee a reliable and safe water supply, well drilling on sandy soil—which is typical in many dacha areas—requires careful planning and execution. This article will describe how to drill a well in sandy soil, also known as a "sand" well, and will also go over common mistakes that should be avoided.

When drilling a well in sandy soil, there are different difficulties than in other kinds of terrain. Because sandy soil is more common in dacha areas, sand wells are especially common there. In contrast to drilling in more stable terrain such as rocky or clay-rich soil, sandy soil necessitates extra care to avoid collapsing during drilling. Furthermore, the location and depth of the well can have a substantial impact on the quantity and quality of water.

It is crucial to carry out a comprehensive site assessment prior to starting the drilling process. This entails ascertaining the water table’s depth, the soil’s makeup, and the existence of any potential impediments, like rocks or tree roots. Knowing these elements will make it easier to choose the right tools and methods for the job when it comes to drilling.

The next step is to choose the best drilling technique after the site assessment is finished. Rotary drilling is frequently the recommended method in sandy soil. This entails drilling a well bore into the ground using a rotary drill bit that is attached to a rotating drill stem. Drilling fluid, such as mud or water, may also be used during the process to help stabilize the borehole and remove cuttings.

Drilling a well in sandy soil can be difficult even with careful planning and execution, and there are some common mistakes that homeowners should be aware of. Inadequate installation of the casing is among the most frequent errors. The well’s casing is an essential part that keeps the well from collapsing and contaminating the water supply. Inadequate casing installation can cause sand infiltration and well collapse, among other problems.

Improper well development and maintenance is another common error. To guarantee the best possible water flow and quality, the well must be developed appropriately after drilling is finished. This can entail using techniques like airlifting, surging, or chemical treatments to improve well performance and get rid of any drilling debris. Regular maintenance is also required to avoid problems like bacterial growth and sand clogging. This includes routine cleaning and inspection.

To sum up, careful planning, execution, and continuous maintenance are necessary when drilling a well in sandy soil in order to guarantee a dependable and secure water supply. Homeowners can successfully drill and maintain a well on their dacha for many years to come by being aware of the particular difficulties presented by sandy soil and learning from common mistakes.

How deep is the water on your plot?

First, the type of well must be identified by measuring the depth of the aquifer in a given area. There are multiple reasons for this:

• hydrologic maps;
• exploratory drilling;
• survey of neighbors.

The first is available from the appropriate agencies, much like the counsel of a hydrologic engineer. Due to their high cost, exploratory drilling operations are only performed as a last resort. Most of the time, the site’s owners just ask their neighbors—who are already content owners of a working water well or well—about the object’s qualities.

A little about the types of water wells

The dacha’s owners will be presented with three options based on the findings of the aquifer’s depth assessment:

• water is close, at a depth of up to 12 meters – Abyssinian well;
• aquifer is not deeper than 50 meters – well "on the sand";
• water is very deep, up to 200 meters – limestone well.

Close to the surface of the aquifer is rare. Happy owners of such a plot can make a well-needle, the creation of which will take only one day or even a few hours. The technology of creating an Abyssinian well is that the ground as if to pierce a fairly thin pipe: only 1-1.5 inches. At the end of the pipe, a cone-shaped filter is installed, which facilitates penetration through the soil thickness. A suction pump is mounted on top of it. However, water from the Abyssinian well is not much, so it may be necessary to build another source of water of this type. The compact shape of an Abyssinian well makes it possible to drill such a well even in the basement of a house.

Thus, "on limestone," or Artesian, also happens infrequently. The benefit of this option is that it gives you access to a lot of extremely clean water. However, drilling such a well successfully alone is nearly impossible; you will need to hire a team and professional drilling equipment. Furthermore, artesian water sources require licenses from the relevant authorities. Keep in mind that since a well of this kind can readily supply water to multiple homes at once, it makes sense to talk with neighbors about splitting the cost of the team’s services if there is an artesian water layer beneath the dacha plot.

A thin, one and a half-inch pipe with a filter tip is driven into the ground to create an Abyssinian well. Its small size and basic technology enable you to set up a well of this kind in the home’s basement or create a backup water supply at the dacha location.

The water typically runs on the horizon at a depth of fifty meters or less. One of the techniques designed for these kinds of situations can be used even by inexperienced drillers to create such a well. How come? Continue reading.

What method of drilling to choose?

Such extensive drilling operations will require a unique rig, which can be manufactured on their own. The drilling method that is chosen determines the type of installation.

• percussion-rope;
• auger;
• rotary.

A drill, a Bulgarian, and a welding machine are required in addition to the standard tools in order to construct a unit that can create a narrow well that is several tens of meters deep. It is advised that novice craftsmen learn how to operate these sophisticated devices. While it will take a lot of time and effort to create a homemade drilling rig, the tool can be useful in the future, for example, when installing a pile foundation. A few artisans with this kind of setup launched their own company drilling water wells in nearby dachas.

Option #1 – shock-rope rig

A chisel fixed on a rope and a comparatively heavy chuck serve as the working tools of this kind of design. On a designated bed, the rope bearing weight is suspended vertically. A chuck is used to break up the soil, and a chute is used to remove it until the pits are as deep as the aquifer layer. The chuck needs to weigh a minimum of 80 kg. These days, it’s almost impossible to use such devices manually; instead, a rotary motor is used to raise and lower the rope while carrying a load.

The components of a percussion-channel drilling rig include a pointed-edged chisel and chuck, a cable, a frame for mounting the load, and a motor for managing the cable.

To improve work efficiency, it is advised to sharpen the chuck’s lower edge and to attach a few pointed triangle components to it. Using a standard garden drill, first drill a hole in the ground that is the right diameter. Next, use a chuck and trough to begin work. Drilling with percussion channels works very well in clay and light soils.

In the video, an intriguing variation of this rig is shown:

Option #2 – auger drilling rig

A unique drill composed of 100-millimeter steel pipe is used to remove soil while this device is in operation. A few turns of a screw with a diameter of roughly 200 mm are welded to its lower end. Along the auger’s edges are two steel blades that are angled. On top is a detachable handle constructed from a section of steel pipe.

A metal pipe is welded to multiple coils of sharpened metal to create a drill. The pipe is extended to the necessary length as the borehole gets deeper.

A threaded coupling or connection is used to extend the main pipe as the structure descends farther into the earth. A metal or wood tripod holds the device in place. It is advised to remove a fairly heavy pipe from the pits using a winch powered by an electric motor.

Here’s an illustration of simultaneous casing and auger drilling:

Option #3 – rotary drilling rig

This version of the well-drilling installation is the most complicated, but it is also the most dependable. The only part of such a device that you can make yourself is the frame; other parts, like the drill rod, swivel, paddle drill, motor pump, and gearmotor, should be bought from a reputable supplier. Such a unit can be used for percussion drilling, rotary drilling, flushing drilling, and other types of drilling. Drilling operations are accelerated multiple times by the capacity to supply mud, which erodes the soil and facilitates excavation.

It should be noted that it makes sense to inquire about the possibility of borrowing pre-made drilling equipment if any of the neighbors have prior experience drilling a well on their own.

Procedure for drilling a "sand" well

The creation of a project schedule should come first when drilling a well, just like with any other significant business. First, you must decide on a good spot for the well. Septic tanks, areas with animals and poultry, bath houses, the shores of bodies of water, and other possible sources of contamination should be avoided, and it should be placed reasonably close to the house. Since moving the well will be, to put it mildly, problematic, consideration must be given to both the objects that are currently in place and those that are still planned to be built on the site.

Now that the strategy is established, it’s time to put it into action. To achieve this, the following actions are required:

1. Apply markings for future work.
2. Dig a pothole according to the marking, which will contain drilling tools (chisel, auger, drill, etc.).п.).
3. Set up the drilling equipment.
4. Drill in accordance with the selected technology.
5. Lower the filter column into the borehole, which is a construction of filter, sump and pipe.
6. Fill the space between the outer walls of the casing pipe and the ground with sand or crushed stone.
7. Seal the top of the pipe and use a pump to pump water into it to flush out the filter.
8. Pump water out of the well with a chute or auger pump.
9. After the water is clear, lower the submersible pump into the well with a safety rope.
10. Connect a hose or a water pipe to the pump.
11. Install a valve on the pipe to regulate the water supply.
12. Waterproofing the part of the casing pipe that protrudes above the surface.
13. Equip the wellhead with a caisson and weld it to the wellhead.
14. Lay the water pipes leading to the house in the trenches designed for them.
15. Execute the external backfilling of the caisson with soil and a concrete lining.

This is a general order of works that may be altered as needed based on the circumstances.

The well equipment is kept dry and warm by a caisson that is outfitted properly. Installing industrial caisson models made of sturdy plastic is quite simple.

For your country home or dacha, in particular, drilling a well on sandy ground can significantly improve your water supply. But in order to guarantee success and stay clear of typical pitfalls, it’s imperative to take the correct actions. You can maximize this endeavor by comprehending the procedure and picking up from the mistakes made by others.

First and foremost, careful planning and research are crucial. Examine the geological conditions in your region, paying special attention to the kind of soil and the depth of the water table. Drilling in sandy soil has its own set of difficulties and demands particular methods. Seeking advice from well drilling specialists or professionals can yield insightful information specific to your area.

It is critical to select the appropriate tools and methods when drilling. The effectiveness and success of the drilling process can be greatly impacted by selecting a drilling rig that is appropriate for sandy soil and making sure it is maintained properly. Employing knowledgeable operators who understand the complexities of drilling in sandy terrain can also reduce risks and improve outcomes.

Underestimating the significance of casing and well construction is a common error to avoid. A well’s stability and integrity are guaranteed by proper casing, which also guards against collapse and water source contamination. To ensure the well is protected for many years to come, it is imperative to install the casing using high-quality materials and following recommended guidelines.

Furthermore, it’s important to remember that routine upkeep and supervision are essential components of owning a well. Periodically checking the well for indicators of deterioration or damage, like leaks or corrosion, can help identify problems early and avoid expensive repairs or contaminated water. The longevity and effectiveness of the well can be increased by putting in place a maintenance schedule and maintaining thorough records of inspections and repairs.

In conclusion, careful planning, the right tools, and adherence to best practices are necessary when drilling a well for your dacha on sandy terrain. It is possible to guarantee a dependable and sustainable water supply for your property by doing your homework, making the appropriate investments in knowledge and equipment, and giving well construction and upkeep first priority. To get the best results, approach the process with diligence and attention to detail, and learn from the mistakes made by others.

Properly heating and insulating your home is essential for both efficiency and comfort. Your home’s insulation keeps you warm in the winter and cool in the summer, all while saving you money on energy costs. In addition to preventing drafts and heat loss, proper insulation also maintains a healthier interior environment. All the little things, like caulking and replacing old insulation, add up to a warm and energy-efficient house. Making heating and insulation a priority turns your home into a cozy haven all year long, whether it’s through attic and wall insulation additions or energy-efficient windows and door purchases.

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