How to choose a heating battery by area

Comfort and energy efficiency in your home are dependent on the heating system you select. Radiator, or heating battery, is an essential part of any heating system. Choosing the right heating battery for every room, whether you’re building a new house or remodeling an old one, is crucial to preserving the ideal indoor climate.

There is no one-size-fits-all solution when it comes to selecting a heating battery. Your heating needs, the size of the room, the amount of insulation in the space, and other factors will all affect the size and kind of heating battery you need. Making an informed decision starts with having a clear understanding of these factors.

Determine the dimensions of the room where the heating battery will be installed before focusing on any particular models or brands. Bigger rooms usually require bigger heating batteries in order to properly heat the entire area. In contrast, smaller spaces might require smaller heating batteries in order to prevent overheating.

An important factor in your heating system’s efficiency is insulation. Better insulation helps a home hold onto heat longer, which eases the strain on your heating system and may even let you choose smaller, more energy-efficient heating batteries. On the other hand, bigger heating batteries might be needed in poorly insulated areas to make up for heat loss.

When choosing a heating battery, take your preferences and heating needs into account. Certain heating batteries come with programmable settings that let you change the temperature to what’s comfortable for you. Others might have extra features for more convenience and energy savings, like thermostats or timers.

The area you need to heat in your house will determine which heating battery is best for you. It’s critical that the radiator and the room’s dimensions correspond. Larger rooms can get by with smaller radiators, but smaller rooms need larger radiators to be adequately warm. When making your choice, take insulation, room design, and window size into account. Additionally, consider whether the radiator you’re considering is compatible with the type of heating system you currently have. You can choose a heating battery that will effectively and efficiently keep your home warm and comfortable throughout the winter months by carefully evaluating your needs and comprehending the specifications of your space.

How to choose a heating radiator on the area, taking into account the efficiency of batteries

Naturally, the installation of a top-notch heating system is given special consideration in the design of any dwelling. Proper selection of the heating devices that will be heated is essential for a stable and economical operation of the home’s heat supply. Next, it will be talked about how to select a heating radiator and about the different kinds of this equipment and their technical specifications.

Varieties of heating devices

The process of choosing heating radiators is extremely responsible, so you should thoroughly research the various models of these devices before deciding which one to choose:

1. Cast iron batteries. This material is traditional in the equipment of the heating system and has been used for more than a dozen years. At the same time, modern models of batteries made of cast iron are almost no different from the usual old products. However, if you want to purchase a unique device in your design, you can always find those samples of radiators that have a special appearance from the designer solution.

In one way or another, standard equipment has an inconsequential design in addition to the requirement for a sizable internal section, which inevitably reduces the coolant circulation speed within it. This means that you should wash such a battery at least twice a year.

The low stability of cast-iron radiators to the hydraulic systems is undoubtedly one of these models’ drawbacks. These devices typically operate between three and ten atmospheres.

The regular leaks that occur in the gaps between the sections of these models are another drawback, as the gasonite gaskets installed there eventually start to skip water. The only way to fix this issue is to replace these gaskets and go through the battery system.

When choosing heating radiators, keep in mind that the radiator should be reset in order to maximize the performance of the entire heating system and rule out any potential malfunctions during the warm season. This is especially true for cast-iron products. This kind of incident won’t damage the equipment; in fact, it will prevent leaks and corrosion from occurring in the first place.

• Aluminum radiators. The thermal conductivity of this material significantly exceeds the thermal conductivity of cast iron, which positively affects the efficiency of radiators of aluminum heating radiators. In addition, such batteries are much stronger, therefore the internal section of the section is small, and the coolant in it circulates quickly, without clogging the internal space during operation.
  Aluminum batteries usually have a very attractive appearance and can harmoniously fit into any interior. However, there are such units and some disadvantages: for example, their resistance to hydraulic boards leaves much to be desired, since their working pressure usually does not exceed the parameter in 16 atmospheres. Also aluminum is also prone to the formation of galvanic steam with other metals. This means that in the event that aluminum and copper elements are in the heating circuit, then over time the aluminum parts of the structures can be destroyed.
• A modern solution in the arrangement of heating is the use of bimetallic radiators. The shell of these devices consists of aluminum equipped with a nut, and the core includes steel resistant to corrosion. The working pressure of these devices can reach 200 atmospheres, as a result of which the efficiency of the batteries of bimetal heating is very high.
  The main drawback of such devices is their high cost.
• Steel heating radiators. This category includes several types of devices – plate batteries, tubular radiators and convectors. If we talk about strength, the most reliable are the plate models of steel batteries and convectors, their operation in heating systems does not require any special conditions.
  PLOTE DETIONS TO THE NAME OF NAMES, their thickness is very small, therefore, by selecting heating radiators along the area of the room, in case of lack of space, it is quite possible to pay attention to such units. But, as it becomes clear, due to the small wall thickness, steel in such products does not cope with the effects of corrosion.
• Speaking about convectors as heating devices. It is worth mentioning that of their variety that is made using copper and aluminum. The heat carrier in such devices is carried out on a copper tube, since it is this material that is characterized by high thermal conductivity indicators.
  WATER is represented by aluminum, as a result of which the price of the device is significantly reduced. Despite the fact that the total cost of such models is quite high, they do a great job of heating the home, providing excellent heat transfer even with their small sizes.
• Considering how to choose a heating battery, one should also mention those products that can be made with your own hand. Such units are usually called registers and are somewhat large in diameter of steel pipe connected to a continuous closed contour. The connection of the components of the parts of these devices is performed by welding (the airborne is mounted on top, and the discharge is welded from below).Despite some of the external non -casualness of such units, they are able to warm up the living room qualitatively, while not spending a large amount of energy.

How to choose a heating radiator – the main selection criteria

The specific features of the equipped room have a big influence on which heating device you choose, but with the variety of heating batteries available, you can always make the right decision.

That being said, you should become acquainted with the following guidelines for selecting heating equipment before making any purchases:

• The central heating will be most correctly equipped with bimetallic heating devices that can steadfastly tolerate any temperature regimes and pressure instability in such systems. So, pressure surges in central heating are very frequent, this can lead to both the rapid opening of the elevator node, and separation of the valve of a screw valve or a sharp overlap of a cork -type valve. Due to their strength, bimetallic radiators will be able to protect the entire system from sudden breakdowns and will prevent unexpected flooding.

It’s crucial to keep in mind that installing bimetal batteries on a plastic or metal-plastic eyeliner shouldn’t be done very carefully. The combination of these batteries with steel pipes that have been galvanized will be the only appropriate solution;

• In the buildings of the private type, where the heating circuit is controlled automatically, and the main heating elements is the boiler, it is best to use aluminum radiators, since in their heat transfer they are approximately equal to bimetallic models, and their cost is much less.
  In the event that the area of the structure is large, then another option for the device of the heating device is the installation of copper and aluminum convector under the floor. In this design, only horizontally grates located horizontally will remain visible, which serve as a place for the removal of hot air;
• in household premises like garages, greenhouses, etc. The most correctly will choose narrow heating radiators. which will combine good heating returns, coupled with a small cost. Such a device can be the personally manufactured register, which is made to the size of the room.

How to calculate the number of sections in the battery by area

Since the manufacturer typically indicates the required thermal power directly, calculating the number of sections in household heating devices of the plate, tubular type, and convectors is a very simple principle (see also: "How to calculate the number of heating radiators correctly, the calculation formula“). The average for a single section is typically 180 watts.

To determine how many sections are needed for a given structure, divide the total parameter of the heat consumed into the heat transfer indicator of one section. For instance, the following formula can be used to quickly determine the number of sections if a given room requires 12,000 watts of heat: 12000 / 180 = 67 sections.

We can therefore conclude that there is no particular complexity involved in selecting the heating device that best suits a given structure; rather, what matters is considering the technical characteristics of both the heating device and the construction. You can always get in touch with experts for the installation of such equipment or suppliers who can offer thorough pictures of models and videos on their proper connection if you want to thoroughly examine all the options for heating devices.

A video explaining the proper selection of a heating radiator:

Selection of heating batteries by apartment area

The first step in choosing a radiator is figuring out how much heat needs to be produced in the home or apartment. There are various methods for calculating this indicator. There are both simple and complex ones among them. The simplest allows for area usage and accounts for the building’s height (although this participation indicator is not taken into account in the calculations).

The standard selection method

It is only utilized in rooms that are less than three meters high. It is as follows that it is realized:

1. Determine the area of the room. For example, it is 25 m².
2. Multiply the resulting figure by 100 watts. According to SNiP, this figure is the norm. The document says that 100 watts should be created for each square meter. It turns out that the heat source should create 2,500 watts or 2.5 kW.
3. The resulting power is divided into the heat transfer of one section of the battery. This step is performed when it is planned to install a sectional radiator or battery. As you know, such execution has cast -iron, aluminum and bimetallic heating devices. If the battery has a section with heat transfer equal to 150 watts, then you need to buy a device with 17 sections (2,500/150 = 16.6, round only a lot of it).

Things are a little different with panel radiators. They are an unchangeable whole that cannot be made bigger or smaller. Consequently, consider their entire power. But installing a single, sizable radiator with a 2.5 kW power output will be a tiny mistake. This is a result of the usage of an alternative calculation method for these batteries. A few characteristics of the conventional approach The aforementioned is true for rooms with a single exterior wall and minimal heat loss.

On the other hand, the total power of the heating devices—2.5 kW in our case—must be changed if the room experiences greater heat loss.

This is how the correction ought to look:

1. An increase in the final figure by 20% in the case when the room is a corner (that is, two walls are external).
2. Increasing total power by 10% in case of lower connection of the heating battery.
3. Reducing the total amount of heat by 15-25%, if metal-plastic windows are installed in the room.

In each scenario, 2.5 kW is increased by a specific percentage. If all of these conditions are met, 2.5 kW will become 2.625 kW. The next step is to install an eighteen-section heating radiator.

An even simpler way

He claims that it will heat two square meters. I have one rib to install. Furthermore, increase the total number of ribs by one. Iftheareaoftheroomis25kV/m2,thentheheatingdeviceyouselectshouldhave25/2=12.5ribs. After adding one and rounding this number, you get fourteen ribs. As you can see, this outcome is lower than what was found using the conventional method.

Of course, you can’t heat the room correctly if you’re missing three ribs. It is therefore best to use this method as an approximation. It is not intended to be used as the primary during the purchase.

Panel radiator power calculation

It takes more than one area of the room to determine it. In addition to applying the number 41, you must be aware of the height. The heating radiator needs to produce 41 watts per cubic meter, according to SNiP. As you can see, volume calculations must be made in order to choose a panel heating device.

1. Determination of the area.
2. Determination of volume (area is multiplied by height).
3. Multiplying volume by 41.
4. The final result is adjusted to the above interest.

They then get the power of a well-liked radiator. A single powerful device can be installed. This choice works well in rooms with a single large window. It is preferable to use two panel batteries with a 1.25 kW heat transfer if there are two of them.

In a similar vein, rooms with ceilings higher than three meters are fitted with heating equipment.

Similar articles:

Using a profile pipe to create a heating battery The number of aluminum heating radiator sections and the amount that the heating batteries should heat up are calculated using the batteries.

How to calculate the number of radiator sections

There are a few ways to figure out how many radiators a room needs, but the general idea is to figure out how much heat the room loses at its maximum and then figure out how many heating devices are needed to make up for it.

There are variations in calculation techniques. The most basic produce approximations. However, they can be applied with coefficients that let you account for the current "non-standard" conditions of each individual room (corner room, balcony access, window in the entire wall, etc.) if the premises are standard. A more intricate computation using formulas exists. However, these are actually the same coefficients, gathered into a single formula.

There is an alternative approach. It calculates the true losses. The actual heat loss is measured by a specialized tool called a thermal imager. They also project how many radiators will be required to make up for them based on these data. Another benefit of this method is that it allows you to see exactly where heat is being actively emitted in the thermal imager picture. It might be a union in the workplace or in construction supplies, crack, etc. D. Thus, you can make things right at the same time.

The room’s heat loss and the sections’ nominal thermal power are taken into account when calculating the number of radiators.

Calculation of heating radiators by area

The simplest method. Determine how much heat is needed for heating by calculating the area of the room where the radiators will be placed. You are aware of each room’s dimensions, and the SNiP construction standards can help you assess whether heat is necessary:

• For the average climatic strip for heating 1m 2 dwelling, 60-100W is required;
• For areas above 60 O required 150-200W.

You can determine how much heat your room will need based on these norms. For heating area 16 m 2, if the residence is in the middle climate lane. 1600W of heat will be required (16*100 = 1600). We think 100W is necessary because the norms are average and the weather is not particularly consistent. However, you have soft winters if you live south of the average climatic strip (count 60W each).

The SNiP norms can be used to calculate the heating radiators.

Heating requires a power supply, but not a very big one—as the amount of power needed grows, so does the number of radiators. Also, the system contains more coolant the more radiators there are. If this is not a problem for people who have central heating, then for people who have or plan to have individual heating, the system’s large volume means high coolant heating costs and high system inertia (the maintained temperature is not as precisely maintained). And so it makes sense to ask, "Why pay more?"

We can determine the number of sections that will be needed after calculating the requirement for the premises in the warmth. The passport specifies the maximum temperature at which each heating device can detect heat. Divide the requirement for warmth by the radiator power. The number of sections needed to make up for losses is the outcome.

We figure out how many radiators are needed in that same space. We came to the conclusion that 1600W must be allotted. Allow one section to have 170W of power. 1600 divided by 170 equals 9.411 pieces. At your discretion, you can round in the greater or lesser direction. For smaller spaces, you can be rounded out in the kitchen, where there are plenty of extra heat sources. For larger spaces, a room with a balcony, a big window, or a corner room are preferable.

Although the system is straightforward, it has several obvious drawbacks, such as the inability to account for various ceiling heights, different materials for the walls, windows, and insulation, among other things. As a result, the number of heating radiator sections on SNiP has been estimated roughly. You have to adjust for the precise outcome.

How to calculate the sections of the radiator by the volume of the room

Because you must heat every inch of the space, this computation takes into consideration both the area and the height of the ceilings. Therefore, this strategy makes sense. And the method is the same in this instance. After calculating the room’s volume, we calculate how much heat the space requires to be heated based on standard procedures:

• In a panel house, 41W is required to heat a cubic meter of air;
• In a brick house on M 3 – 34W.

Since the entire volume of air in the room must be heated, counting the radiators by volume is a more accurate method.

We compute all the measurements for a 16 m³ room and compare the outcomes. Allow the ceiling height to be 2.7 meters. Volume: 43.2 m^3 (16*2.7).

Next, we compute the options for a brick and panel home:

• In a panel house. The heat required for heating is 43.2m 3 *41V = 1771.2W. If you take the same sections with a capacity of 170W, we get: 1771W/170W = 10.418pcs (11 pcs).
• In a brick house. Heat is needed 43.2m 3 *34W = 1468.8W. We count radiators: 1468.8W/170W = 8.64pcs (9pcs).

The discrepancy is noticeable: 11 pieces versus 9 pieces. Additionally, they obtained an average value of 10 points when calculating the area, if the rounds were done in the same direction.

Correction of results

You must consider as many variables that affect heat loss as you can in order to obtain a more accurate calculation. This includes the type of material the walls are made of, how insulated they are, the size and type of glazing on the windows, how many walls in the space face the outside, and so on. To calculate these coefficients, the room’s calculated heat loss must be multiplied.

The size of the heat loss determines how many radiators are needed.

15% to 35% of heat loss occurs through the windows. The size and level of insulation of the window determine the exact number. Consequently, there are two matching coefficients:

• The ratio of the window area to the floor area:

• 10% – 0.8
• 20% – 0.9
• 30% – 1.0
• 40% – 1.1
• 50% – 1.2

• Three -chamber double -glazed window or argon in a two -chamber double -glazed window – 0.85
• Normal two -chamber double -glazed window – 1.0
• Ordinary double frames – 1.27.

Walls and roofs

The kind of wall, the level of thermal insulation, and the quantity of walls extending into the street are crucial factors to take into consideration when calculating losses. The coefficients for these factors are shown here.

• Brick walls of two brick thickness are considered the norm – 1.0
• insufficient (absent) – 1.27
• Good – 0.8

The existence of exterior walls:

• Inner room – without loss, coefficient 1.0
• One – 1.1
• Two – 1.2
• Three – 1.3

Whether or not a room is heated affects how much heat escapes. If the heated attic is 0.9 and the inhabited heated room (such as the second floor of the house, another apartment, etc.), the reducing coefficient is 0.7. It is widely acknowledged that temperature B and (coefficient 1.0) are unaffected by an unheated attic.

In order to accurately determine the number of radiator sections, consideration must be given to the climate and features of the premises.

If the computation was done along the area and the ceiling heights are non-standard (a height of 2.7 m is used as the standard), the coefficient is used to determine a proportionate increase or decrease. It’s regarded as simple. Divide the actual ceiling height in the space by the standard 2.7 meters to arrive at this measurement. Obtain the intended coefficient.

As an example, we compute 3.0 meters for the ceiling height. The result is 3.0m/2.7m = 1.1. Thus, the number of radiator sections—which was determined using this room’s area—needs to be multiplied by 1.1.

These coefficients and norms were all established for apartments. You must raise the result by 50%, or the coefficient for a private house, in order to account for the heat loss of the house through the roof and the basement/foundation.

Climate factors

Depending on the typical wintertime temperature, you can:

Get a more precise estimate of the number of radiators needed for heating by making all the necessary adjustments and accounting for the specifics of the space. However, there are other factors as well that influence thermal radiation power. We will discuss technical details in more detail below.

Calculation of different types of radiators

There should be no problem calculating the number of sectional radiators if you plan to install standard-sized radiators (with an axial distance of 50 cm height) and have already selected the material, model, and desired size. The majority of reliable companies that offer high-quality heating equipment have technical documentation for every change, including thermal capacity. Transferring to power is straightforward if coolant flow rate is indicated rather than power: one kilowatt-hour (1000 watt-minute) of heat carrier consumption is roughly equivalent to one kW of power.

The height between the centers of the holes for the coolant supply and display determines the radiator’s axial distance.

On numerous websites, a specially created calculator program is installed to make life easier for users. The computation of the heating radiator sections then comes down to filling in the relevant fields on your property with data. Also, you will find a ready-made result at the exit: the total number of sections in pieces that make up this model.

The coolant hole centers are used to calculate the axial distance.

However, if you are merely speculating about potential solutions for the time being, it is important to keep in mind that radiators of the same size made of various materials have varying thermal powers. There is no variation in the process used to determine how many sections of bimetallic radiators to use when calculating aluminum, steel, or cast iron. One section’s thermal power is the only variable that can vary.

You can navigate by averaged data, which made counting easier. The following power values for a single radiator section with an axial distance of 50 cm are accepted:

• Aluminum – 190W
• Bimetallic – 185W
• Cast iron – 145W.

You can use these data if you are simply unsure about which material to select. For the sake of clarity, we provide the simplest calculation for bimetallic heating radiator sections, wherein the room’s area is the only consideration.

It is acknowledged that one section can heat 1.8 m 2 areas when calculating the number of heating devices from a standard bimetal (the center distance of 50 cm). The required room size is then 16 m^2 / 1.8 m^2 = 8.88 pieces. We need nine sections after rounding.

We also account for steel or cast-iron ramers. Norms are all that are required.

• Bimetallic radiator – 1.8m 2
• aluminum-1.9-2.0m 2
• cast iron-1.4-1.5m 2 .

This is data for sections with an interdose distance of 50cm. Today there are models on sale from a very different height: from 60cm to 20cm and even lower. Models of 20cm and below are called curb. Naturally, their power is different from the specified standard, and if you plan to use Non -Tandart, you will have to make adjustments. Either look for passport data, or count yourself. We proceed from the fact that the heat transfer of the heat device directly depends on its area. With a decrease in height, the area of the device decreases, which means that the power is reduced in proportion. That is, you need to find the ratio of the heights of the selected radiator with the standard, and then with this coefficient to adjust the result.

Cast-iron heating radiator calculation. can be taken into account by the room’s size or volume

We’ll compute aluminum radiators by area for clarity’s sake. The 16 m 2 room remains the same. The number of standard-sized sections is calculated as follows: 16 m 2 /2 m 2 = 8 pcs. However, we wish to use 40 cm high tiny sections. The ratio of the chosen size radiators to the standard is 50 cm/40 cm = 1.25. We now modify the quantity to 10 pieces (8 pieces * 1.25).

Adjustment depending on the heating system mode

The maximum power of the radiators is indicated by the manufacturers in the passport data: for high-temperature use, the coolant should be 90 °C in the supply and 70 °C in the return (90/70) in the room, with a recommended quantity of 20. However, contemporary heating systems hardly ever operate in this mode. Typically, 75/65/20 or even low temperature with parameters of 55/45/20 is used for the average capacity mode. It is evident that the adjustment calls for the computation.

You must ascertain the system’s temperature and pressure in order to adjust the operating mode. The difference in temperature between the air and the heating elements is known as temperature pressure. In this instance, the average arithmetic of the feed and return values is used to determine the temperature of the heating devices.

In order to accurately determine the number of radiator sections, consideration must be given to the climate and features of the premises.

To make the calculation of cast-iron heating radiators for the two modes—high temperature and low temperature—sectional sections (50 cm) should be made more understandable. The space remains the same: 16 meters. 1.5 m 2 is heated by one cast-iron section in the high-temperature mode 90/70/20. We thus require 16 m 2 / 1.5 m 2 = 10.6 pieces. Witch: eleven pieces. The system is designed to operate in the 55/45/20 low temperature regime. Now, determine each system’s temperature and pressure:

• High-temperature 90/70/20- (90+70)/2-20 = 60 O C;
• low-temperature 55/45/20-(55+45)/2-20 = 30 o C.

In other words, you will require twice as many sections to ensure the premises of heat if the low-temperature mode of operation is used. In our example, 22 sections of cast-iron radiators are needed for the 16 m 2 room. Big extracts a battery. It is not advised to use these kinds of heating devices in networks with low temperatures for this reason, incidentally.

You can account for the desired air temperature with this calculation. Simply determine the desired coefficient and compute the thermal pressure in this scenario if you want the room to be, say, 25 °C instead of 20 °C. For the same cast-iron radiators, let’s create everything: the parameters will come out to be 90/70/25. In this case, we take into account the temperature pressure of (90+70)/2-25 = 55 o C. The ratio of 60 O C to 55 O C is now found to be 1.1. A temperature of 25 °C requires 11 * 1.1 = 12.1 pieces.

The dependence of the radiator power on the connection and location

Apart from the previously mentioned radiator heat transfer parameters, there are additional variations based on the type of connection. When there is no heat loss and the supply is coming from above, the diagonal connection is thought to be ideal. A side connection is associated with the highest losses, at 22%. The others are only mediocrely effective. The figure provides an approximate percentage indication of the loss.

Radiator heat loss varies based on connection

When obstacles are present, the radiator’s actual power is decreased. For instance, heat transfer is reduced by 7-8% if the windowsill is hanging on top and by 3-5% if it does not fully cover the radiator. Losses from installing a mesh screen that is not in contact with the floor are similar to those from overconducting windows, ranging from 7 to 8%. However, there is a 20–25% reduction in heat transfer if the screen closes all the way.

The installation determines how much heat is produced.

The installation site determines how much heat is produced.

Area (square meters)	Recommended Heating Battery Type
Up to 15	Single-panel convector
15-25	Double-panel convector or single-panel radiator
25-35	Double-panel radiator
35-50	Double-panel radiator with fins
50+	Column radiator or underfloor heating

Selecting the appropriate heating battery for your house is essential to keeping it cozy and energy-efficient. You can make sure that the radiator you choose will provide enough warmth without wasting energy by taking the size of the area you need to heat into consideration.

Size or heat output, expressed in Watts or British Thermal Units (BTUs), is an important consideration when selecting a heating battery. It’s critical to adjust the radiator’s heat output to meet the space’s unique heating needs. A smaller room can be sufficiently heated with a radiator of lower output, but a larger room will need a radiator with a higher heat output to warm the space.

The kind of room and its degree of insulation should also affect the heating battery you select. While well-insulated rooms might be sufficiently heated with a lower output radiator, poorly insulated rooms might need a higher output radiator to make up for heat loss. The amount of windows, doors, and external walls should all be taken into account when evaluating the room’s insulation.

It’s important to take the radiator’s design and aesthetic appeal into account when choosing a heating battery, especially if it will be a focal point of the space. You can choose a modern radiator that satisfies your heating requirements and matches your preferred interior design thanks to their wide range of styles, materials, and finishes.

In the end, selecting the ideal heating battery requires balancing heat output, effectiveness, and visual appeal. You can choose a heating solution that not only keeps your home warm and comfortable but also improves its overall appearance by carefully evaluating the size and insulation level of the area you need to heat as well as the radiator’s design.