Floor convector: the main types of devices, selection rules

Heating is essential to maintaining the coziness and comfort of our homes, particularly in the winter. One of the clever gadgets that helps to maintain ideal interior temperatures is a floor convector. It is essentially a floor-mounted heating system intended to provide uniform warmth in a space. However, with so many different kinds and models available, it can be a little overwhelming to navigate the world of floor convectors. We’ll examine the various kinds of floor convectors in this post and provide advice on selecting the best one for your house.

Let’s start by discussing the various kinds of floor convectors that you may come across. The hydronic floor convector is a popular type that works by moving hot water through a system of pipes buried beneath the floor. The room is essentially warmed as a result of the heat that the flowing water transfers to the surrounding floor. An additional variety is the electric floor convector, which produces heat using electric heating components set into the floor. Each type has advantages and disadvantages, and the decision between them is frequently influenced by elements like price, energy efficiency, and the infrastructure already in place for heating.

There are a few things to take into account when choosing a floor convector for your house. First, determine your heating requirements as well as the particular specifications of the area where the convector will be installed. More powerful units might be needed in larger rooms, while a compact model might be adequate in smaller spaces. Additionally, consider elements that may impact the convector’s performance and efficiency, such as the type of flooring, insulation levels, and current heating systems.

Additionally, take into account the floor convector’s style and appearance, particularly if you value how well it fits into your interior decor. While some models offer customizable finishes to match different flooring materials, others feature sleek, minimalist designs that go well with modern interiors. Additionally, consider how easy the unit is to install and maintain. Choosing a unit that requires little maintenance and is easy to install can ultimately save you time and hassle.

To sum up, a floor convector can be a useful addition to your home’s heating system, offering effective warmth and remaining undetectable under your feet. Through comprehension of the various varieties of floor convectors that are available, along with consideration of elements like desired design, installation requirements, and heating requirements, you can choose the ideal unit to maintain a warm and inviting home all year round.

Features of floor convectors

Devices for heating floors are dependable sources of heat energy. The main advantage of this progressive heating system is that it evenly distributes warm air throughout the space. Minimal energy losses occur during operation.

Design

A pipe that runs between the fins of aluminum plates is "the heart" of the water convector heating system. The device operates more efficiently, producing more heat, as a result of the maximum fining. The intercostal distance is the main factor influencing this indicator. The heating water circuit will be simpler to maintain if it is substantial.

The heat exchanger’s pipe is housed in a protective casing that is closed with a unique grid. Every heater also has a connection unit and air removal valve. Floor products are similar to wall-mounted products in that they are made of a single, non-disassembled piece with minimal thermal stress. The unit has enough power to heat a room effectively despite its small size.

Principle of operation

This kind of heater works on the simple principle of natural air circulation. Certain floor models come with unique legs that let you install the device at a minimum height. For hot air to continuously circulate from the floor to the ceiling, this is required. When compared to conventional central heating radiators, floor units use a different method of heat transfer: heat radiation occurs in radiators, whereas circulation occurs in electric convectors.

Air enters the convector first, heats up and expands in volume there, then exits and heads toward the ceiling. Then fresh cold air streams come in and get heated as well. This keeps going until the space is fully heated.

Area of application

It is possible to install the convector in an independent or central water heating system. In comparison to conventional radiators, floor heaters are more cost-effective. Because they can produce a lot of thermal energy quickly, they are placed in rooms that are large in area.

Utilizing them in locations with window glazing (panoramic windows, French doors, etc.) makes sense as well. If an original design solution is intended for the space beneath the window sill, then these particular convectors are essential. Products from the Heatmann brand are appropriate for buildings with panoramic windows and have shown to be highly effective.

Advantages

Floor and in-floor installations are becoming more common because of their many advantageous features. In addition to keeping the interior of the house presentable, connecting such a convector will ensure that it is always warm. These days, a number of manufacturers, including Varmann, Isoterm, Gekon, PrimoClima, "Hitman," and others, produce a variety of convectors. Every company’s models are unique in their features.

The equipment’s advantages are highlighted as follows:

1. Design. Manufacturers produce many models that differ in their appearance. As a rule, the devices have strict and elegant box shapes, so they easily fit into any interiors.
2. Compact and easy to operate. Connecting the heating device does not cause difficulties, in addition, the device will not take up a lot of useful space.
3. Uniform and fast heating of the premises. The device will work until all the air in the room is warmed up.
4. Energy saving. Most models are equipped with a thermostat, which can be used to set the required power. This allows you to set a more efficient mode, while saving on resources.
5. Fire safety. Manufacturers equip the devices with various safety mechanisms.
6. Ratio of price and quality. A lot of buyers choose such heaters if there is no possibility of installing a traditional wall-mounted model. Floor heating convectors have a different price, which starts from 1750 rubles.

Functionality is a defining characteristic of many modern devices. They can clean the air in addition to their primary duty of heating the space.

Disadvantages

Modern heaters have many benefits, but there are also some drawbacks that should be taken into account before purchasing one.

1. Due to the constant air circulation, the room may get dusty faster.
2. It is not allowed to use convector and artificial ventilation system at the same time.
3. Not relevant for rooms with high ceilings. Devices are not able to actively heat the air in the lower part of the room in such conditions.

As you can see, the drawbacks are not that severe and are not overly numerous. It is best to focus on multifunctional models when making your selection because their features help to balance out the drawbacks of heaters.

Types of convectors

There are many different types of floor water heaters available today. Their intended use and the way they heat, or the kind of convection, can vary.

With natural convection

These models use a classical heating scheme in which air enters from below, heats up inside the heat exchanger’s body, and then is forced outward. The device’s overall dimensions and draft force determine how well it performs the task.

The length has a major influence on the power indicator. Devices with built-in convection are typically utilized as an extra heat source. It is simple to create a heat shield beneath the windows with their assistance.

With a fan

Forced convection is the fundamental mechanism by which these devices function. In order to improve the device’s efficiency, an integrated fan is also incorporated into the design. In other words, it speeds up the heating process by vigorously forcing air into and out of the space. The cooler’s rotational speed has a significant impact on the power indicator of these devices.

The models are applied to both integrated and independent heating systems. Residential apartments, homes, workplaces, business halls, and other spaces all have them installed. Numerous manufacturers produce heater models specifically intended for use in high-humidity spaces.

Adapted

We are discussing unique heating apparatuses produced at the KZTO plant in Russia. The manufacturer considers the fact that low-quality coolant supply is a characteristic of central heating systems. They require specialized equipment that is made to withstand challenging operating environments. The convectors made at Kimr Heat Equipment Plant are resistant to hydrostroke. They are also impervious to corrosion processes and mechanical impacts.

Modern equipment blends in perfectly with any interior thanks to its small size. Thus, the "Elegant-Mini" model from KZTO has a fashionable yet small look. The casing measures 80 or 130 mm in height and 80, 130, 180, or 230 mm in width. An aluminum profile longitudinal decorative grid is located in the upper section.

Some manufacturers modify their produced models to allow installation even in children’s rooms; these are well-made, safe gadgets. A floor heating convector is now available for practically any situation.

Types of floor convectors

Typically, devices are categorized based on the energy source they use. Models of water and electricity are made most frequently. Let’s become acquainted with their characteristics.

Water

They get their energy from a liquid coolant, which can be oil, water, or antifreeze. From an external perspective, the apparatus resembles a welded metal pipe with ribs that facilitate the passage of liquid. The radiator design is akin to that of standard central heating radiators. There are bimetallic and steel models available.

One benefit of this type of heater is that, while in use, its walls remain essentially cold. In other words, the precise heating of the room comes from convection rather than from heating the equipment’s surface.

Rooms with expansive windows are common places to find floor convectors installed. In this instance, the floor is where the pipes that deliver the hot coolant are installed. There are two steps involved in installing heaters: fixing and connecting to the heating system. Low and small models, like those made by Synego, enable you to have both excellent room heating and a perfect view out of the window.

The following are the devices:

• a steel or copper tube through which the liquid flows;
• fins, which are responsible for heating the air;
• Connection nodes for connecting convectors to the heating system.

In addition, drains that are intended to remove air from the system and thermoregulators that let you control the heating level can be installed.

Upkeep is easy. The dust that builds up on the fins’ components needs to be periodically cleaned with a vacuum cleaner a few times a month.

Electric

Electric convectors—both floor and built-in models—are more common because they are simple to operate; all that is required is connecting the device to the outlet.

The following categories of electric convectors are distinguished based on the kind of heating element:

1. Needle or open coil. The heating element in them is a thin plate of dielectric material on which a chrome-nickel heating filament is mounted. It forms loops on both sides. They heat up and cool down in a short period of time. The process of convection in such units is carried out due to the design of the casing. This is the most budget type of devices, and here their pluses end. They have a number of disadvantages: oxygen is burned in the room, when dust gets on the spiral there is an unpleasant odor, they are not heated above +150 °C. It is not recommended to use these devices in rooms with a high level of humidity.
2. Tubular with aluminum fins or with a closed coil. Heats up faster than needle type. Many models are enclosed in a splash-proof housing, so they can be used in rooms with high humidity. The heating element is a tubular steel heating element, which is covered with a diffuser with many aluminum fins, which significantly increase the area of contact between the cold air and the heating element. The tube is filled with a filler with insulating properties, it has good thermal conductivity. The most serious disadvantage of the devices is that the tubes and ribs have a different value of thermal expansion. During the operation of the convector, this can lead to the emergence of sounds resembling crackling.
3. Monolithic . They are considered to be the most reliable and durable ones. This device is relevant as an additional heating device, which is explained by the small power, not exceeding 2 kW. They work quietly due to the solid-cast heater. Ribs are an integral part of the construction of the devices. During the operation of the devices there are minimal heat losses.

In any case, you should be aware of the convector’s features before purchasing any particular model.

The cost of various floor convector models

floor convectors

What to pay attention to when choosing

The thermal capacity indicator is the most important factor to consider when selecting a heating appliance. You will need to do thermal-hydraulic calculations, account for the room’s area, floor, ceiling height, and level of thermal insulation, among other factors, in order to determine it precisely. Heating experts perform this work, and their services are not cheap.

A lot of private builders ignore this problem and begin with average statistical data. Generally, to guarantee thermal comfort, 1 kW of power per 10 m 2 area is sufficient. That is, a 2.5 kW convector should be used in a room that is 25 m³. Everything is largely dependent on the room’s location and the caliber of its double-glazed windows (1.9 to 3.5 kW of power are needed).

Furthermore, the thermal head—the differential in temperature between the air in the room and the device’s surface—determines the convector’s ultimate power. According to current sanitary standards, 70 °Ρ is the ideal value. But in reality, there might be adjustments, so the capacity needs to be adjusted. A lot of manufacturers consider this feature and give buyers calculation tables showing the heat output levels at a given temperature head.

The type of convection is the next consideration in the selection process. The devices have the option of forced (with a cooler) or natural circulation, as was previously mentioned. The ultimate cost is raised by additional equipment, but thermal efficiency is increased by two to three times.

Natural circulation products work well in spaces up to 15 m 2 in size or when multiple heating units are going to be installed. Larger rooms are best suited for models with fans. It is significant to remember that although the dimensions are the same, the efficiency varies.

Ascertain the total dimensions:

1. Length. If the size of windows is 2 m, it is necessary to install equipment with a length of 1.4 to 2 m (i.e. from 70 to 100% of the length of the window itself).
2. Width. Here everything depends on the manufacturer. As a rule, models with natural circulation have a width of 20 to 25 cm, and with forced circulation – from 27 to 32 cm.
3. Depth. Here, too, there are different options, depending on how the manufacturer decides. On average, the depth varies from 5.5 to 20 cm. For the most efficient operation, the following range is recommended: 9 to 12 cm.

It is possible to control the heating device’s power.

There are several methods for doing it.

1. Manual. In this case, the system is supplemented with conventional ball valves, valves or thermostatic heads.
2. Semi-automatic. A thermostatic valve is installed at the inlet to the heat exchanger, connected to a remote controller.

You must be careful when selecting the device, perform all necessary calculations, and consider its features in order for it to successfully complete its intended function of heating the room.

Nuances of installation of a water convector

Any kind of heating appliance can be selected. A proficient and expert installation is required for it to function for a long time. The task at hand is not particularly challenging; all that is required is careful attention to detail. Nothing will need to be embedded; this is only applicable to in-floor models. The same installation principles that apply to traditional heating radiators also apply to water convectors.

Professionals advise adhering to the following guidelines while working:

1. If the floor equipment will be connected to a hot water boiler, it is mandatory to use a hydrostrelka and a circulation pump.
2. After the system is filled with water, the air is vented from it. Special valves are included for this purpose.
3. Each piece of equipment must have a temperature controller. With its help, it controls the heating and heating intensity.
4. If classic radiators are replaced by modern convectors, it is necessary to take into account the capacity of previously installed units. The equipment must be identical.
5. In bathrooms, saunas and other rooms with a high level of humidity, special models specially designed for such conditions are installed.
6. During transportation and installation, the body of the device should not receive mechanical damage. The impact can cause a micro-crack, which will significantly reduce performance.

As you can see, nothing too difficult shouldn’t come up while working. However, it is preferable to get in touch with knowledgeable experts who will consider all the nuances if skills alone are insufficient. Read about Ferroli boilers on our website.

Types of Floor Convectors	Selection Rules
1. Hydronic Floor Convectors	Consider your heating system"s compatibility and ensure proper insulation.
2. Electric Floor Convectors	Check power requirements and consider energy efficiency.

It is crucial to select the appropriate floor convector for your house if you want to keep it cozy and energy-efficient. With so many different kinds of devices on the market, it’s important to know what makes each one unique and how to use it to your advantage.

First, think about the kind of heating system you currently have and how well-suited it is to various floor convectors. The choices you have will be significantly impacted by whether your system is electric or water-based. Central heating systems frequently incorporate water-based floor convectors to ensure even heating throughout the house. Electric floor convectors, on the other hand, provide greater zoning and installation flexibility.

Consider the unique needs of every room when choosing a floor convector. Recessed or skirting convectors may be the best option in small spaces or places where aesthetics are crucial. These devices are designed to blend in perfectly with the wall or floor, offering efficient heating without detracting from the overall aesthetic of the space.

Additionally, consider the floor convector’s efficiency and heating capacity. To fine-tune the temperature in accordance with your preferences and seasonal changes, choose models with adjustable settings. Purchasing energy-efficient equipment minimizes the impact on the environment while also lowering utility costs.

Finally, don’t overlook durability and upkeep. Select floor convectors with long lifespans and minimal maintenance needs that are constructed from premium materials. Your heating system will operate at peak efficiency and have a longer lifespan with regular cleaning and maintenance.

In conclusion, choosing the best floor convector requires taking into account a number of variables, including the kind of heating system, the size of the room needed, durability, and efficiency. You can establish a cozy and energy-efficient home environment for many years to come by being aware of these important factors and making informed decisions.

The floor convector is a particularly adaptable and effective choice when it comes to insulation and home heating. There are several varieties of these devices, and each has special features and advantages of its own. There are various types of convectors to meet various needs and preferences, ranging from hydronic to electric. It’s important to take into account aspects like room size, heating needs, and energy efficiency when choosing a floor convector. For maximum performance and longevity, proper installation and maintenance are also essential. Homeowners can effectively improve the heating system in their homes by knowing the various types of floor convectors and adhering to selection guidelines.

Video on the topic

Steel convector "Novotherm". How to choose? Where to buy?

How to choose an in-floor convector

Wall and floor convectors "Isotherm", "Isotherm-M", "Ecotherm". How to choose? Where to buy?

How to choose a heater correctly and wisely? Radiators and convectors. How to choose?

How to choose a CONVECTOR?

What are the convectors of heating: in-floor, floor and wall convectors. How to choose