Discharge valve for heating

The comfort and warmth of your home during the winter months is crucial for the health and happiness of your family. Maintaining a comfortable interior climate depends on a heating system that works properly, but problems can occasionally occur that reduce the system’s effectiveness. A malfunctioning discharge valve in a homeowner’s heating system is one of the most frequent issues they face.

Your heating system’s discharge valve is essential for controlling temperature and pressure. It makes sure that your heating system runs smoothly and effectively when it’s working properly. On the other hand, malfunctioning discharge valves can cause a number of problems, such as decreased heating efficiency, higher energy costs, and even possible damage to your heating system.

It is crucial to comprehend the operation of the discharge valve and identify any indications of a malfunctioning valve if you want to keep your heating system operating efficiently and avoid future issues. The purpose of this article is to examine discharge valves for heating systems in more detail, covering their functions, common problems, and solutions.

Safety valve in the heating system. Scheme, selection, setting

November 21, 2015.

The heating system’s safety valve serves as a safeguard for equipment such as heat generators and others with varying degrees of operational simplicity. Its primary duty is to release unplanned loads that arise from diverse circumstances.

Furthermore, this apparatus is involved in controlling the coolant flow within the heating system. Since a water shirt is deemed explosive due to high pressure, the remaining equipment is extremely dangerous.

Appointment

The safety valve’s primary function is to guard against potential pressure drops in the heating system. Homes equipped with steam boilers typically find themselves in a similar situation. Seldom does the pressure in the hot water supply and heating system reach the limiting values.

There could be a sudden spike in pressure for the following reasons:

• The volume of the coolant goes beyond the permissible values as a result of automation failure.
• A sharp increase in the temperature regime.

Supply valve in the heating system: device diagram

This device is made up of two cast elements and a case. Hot stamping is used to create the tap brass braid used to make the case. Steel springs make up the valve’s main component. It determines the force of pressure that will influence the membrane covering the exit with the aid of its elasticity.

A spring then presses against a membrane situated in a saddle that has a seal. The upper portion of the spring is supported by a metal washer that is attached to the plastic handle and fixed on the rod. The handle is necessary to operate the heating system’s safety valve.

Take a closer look at the different types of these devices.

The coupling valve

Brass is used to make these gadgets. This species opens through the pressure of pressure because it is direct-flowing. This is the least expensive option, but it’s also very dependable. The heating system’s coupling safety valve is made of a simple rod with a gasket and threads on both sides.

The discharge valve is essential to preserving the best possible performance and efficiency in a heating system. This valve is in charge of clearing the system of extra pressure and air, avoiding damage and guaranteeing smooth functioning. Maintaining the smooth and effective operation of your heating system requires an understanding of how the discharge valve functions. This post will discuss the purpose of the discharge valve, how crucial it is to heating systems, and how to take care of it correctly to keep any problems at bay.

Brass device

The design of this equipment is more intricate. Installing it in the heating system right after the circulation pump is required. In this design, stainless steel is used for the rod and spring. The heating system’s brass valve can tolerate coolant temperatures of up to 1200 °C.

Check valve

As the pressure decreases, the check valve, a safety mechanism, tampers with the anti-heating system.

Operating principle

There are currently two primary types of valves: carbon levers and spring-loaded valves. Additionally, it is essential to give these kinds more thought before choosing a safety valve for the heating system.

Lever-carbon

This kind of safety valve externally symbolizes locking apparatus, whose construction offers a unique load connected to the spool via a lever. The force that the spool applies to the saddle controls the cargo’s movement in the direction of the lever length. Вогда давление теплоносителя в системе отопления превышает норму, открывается предохранительный клапан и излишняя жидкость вытекает через выходной патрубок.

A spring-type valve is currently more widely used. It is different from the previous version in that a spring is used instead of a lever bearing weight to press the spool’s stitch. Overall, the principle of action is similar to that of the lever-carbon device. The valve is controlled by the variation in the spring’s degree of compression.

Installation options

It is advised to install the valve in line with all regulations to guarantee dependable and secure operation of the heating system. Special regulatory documentation contains them. Depending on the system’s working pressure and power, different rules apply. However, the fundamental ideas are still upheld, including:

• In the heating system, this device must be installed on the supply pipeline immediately after the boiler. If the power of the heat generator is large, it is allowed to install two valves.
• The safety valve on the return pipeline of heating systems is mounted only to ensure hot water supply at the highest point of the boiler.
• It is also unacceptable to narrow the channel in places between the highway valve, the device of shut -off valves is unacceptable.
• Reset pipes should be taken to the sewer system or other safe place. On this line, the installation of locking devices is completely unacceptable.

Selecting the appropriate safety valve for the heating system is crucial because it will reduce pressure and stop the boiler from boiling. To ensure proper operation of the valve, you must:

• Choose a spring equipment in which the spring will counteract the pressure of the coolant.
• To determine the size and type of device so that the pressure in the heating system does not exceed permissible values, since it should help the operation of the system.
• The open -type valve must be selected if water is dumped into the atmosphere, and closed – if the water is dumped into the reverse pipeline.
• It is advisable to choose a full -lifting and low -lifting valve taking into account the throughput.
• When dropping water into the atmosphere, it is recommended to install open devices. For liquid fuel boilers, low -lifting valves should be chosen, for gas boilers – complete lifting.

The safety device computation must be performed using the methodology outlined in SNiP II-35, "Bolen Instructions."

The true height of the roller lifting is rarely stated in the technical specifications by manufacturers, so 1/20 of the saddle’s diameter is used in the computation. Because of this, the valve size determined by this computation is a little bit inflated. In any case, after choosing the device, it’s important to contrast its thermal power with the highest power that the technical description for the chosen size suggests.

To prevent the heating system from overpressurizing beyond the highest amount that is allowed, a safety valve must be installed. Because of this, the device’s computation should be limited to figuring out the maximum amount of coolant that can be added and identifying any potential sources of pressure exceeding.

Potential sources of volume growth include:

• Overheating in a heat -expanded or boiler unit with subsequent vaporization. When vaporization, the liquid can increase its volume by 461 times, so this factor when choosing a valve is a predominant.
• The output of the control of the sub -file lines of boiler rooms and independent heating systems is out of order. This can also serve as a predominant factor when selecting a valve.
• The coolant, heated in a heat -expanded or boiler unit, increases in volume. When heated, a specific increase in volume is from 0 to 100 ° C, which is only 4%, therefore, when selecting a type of device of this type, this is not a fundamental moment.

The chosen apparatus ought to guarantee the release of the computed coolant volume, based on the primary driver of volume expansion.

Safety valve in the heating system: selection

When calculating, the diameter of the pipe obtained should match or exceed the diameter of the incoming valve pipe. Apart from ensuring that the pipe diameter corresponds, it is imperative to inspect the safety device to ensure that the calculated increase in coolant volume is released in case of an emergency. It’s also critical to remember that more liquid will pass through safety equipment the larger the pressure differential between the values in the discharge line and the moment the valve is opened.

It is important to keep in mind that this device’s full opening occurs when the heating system’s pressure exceeds the value when triggered by 10%, and its full closure occurs 20% below the pressure decrease caused by the pressure falling below the operation parameter. This means that selecting equipment with a response pressure greater than 20–30% of the system’s actual pressure is advised.

Conditional diameter

Through unique techniques created by the GOSTAKHDZD, the conditional diameter of this safety device is determined. It is advisable to invite qualified specialists for these purposes.

The following rule should be applied if there isn’t a chance to do so: the valve diameter should be at least as large as the boiler unit’s output pipe. In this instance, a sizable supply is acquired, guaranteeing the system’s security.

The heating system’s safety valve is configured so that the critical pressure is approximately 10%–15% higher than the worker. By forcing the device open, one can examine its performance. Every year, before the heating season officially begins, the safety valve in the heating system should be adjusted.

Safety valve in the heating system: design, types and installation

The heating system’s safety valve serves as a safeguard for heat generators and other components. units are straightforward and also quite common. In other words, its primary purpose is to reset unexpected loads that may arise in a variety of circumstances. Additionally, this device has the ability to modify the heating system’s heat carrier flow. Every boiler plant is extremely risky; specifically, a water shirt is explosive because of a high pressure indicator.

The following scenarios could occur if the safety device is not installed on the heating system:

• Ruptures and flow of pipes of the heating system, as a rule, this occurs on the compounds;
• Explosion explosion, which is built in boiler equipment;
• Electric short curcuit;
• Damage to polymer pipes and fittings.

All of this may hinder the installation of a heating safety valve, which ought to be placed as close to the boiler as feasible. Since boiler equipment is the source of all emergencies.

Design

The heating system valve is composed of two cast parts that are made in a semi-hard state and a case. Tap brass brazz, which is made by hot stamping, is used to make the case. A steel spring is one of this part’s most crucial components. She uses her elasticity to establish the power of pressure. The membrane that seals off the passage will be impacted by this pressure.

Rice. One Brass

The membrane itself is housed in the saddle, which has a seal, and is compressed by a spring. Above, the spring is supported by a metal washer that is attached to the plastic handle and fixed onto the rod. The heating system’s valve must be adjusted with the help of this handle. Polymer materials are used to make the reset valve’s membrane and other parts.

Safety device

With normal functioning, that is, in the standard working mode of the heating system of the house, the polymer membrane closes the inner chamber, that is, the entrance and it. But in the case of an increase in the pressure level, and therefore the upcoming emergency, a steam -water mixture in the heating system begins to affect the membrane, propping it up, and also overcoming the force of elasticity of the spring. As a result of this, the membrane opens and gives access to the inner chamber, and then outward. When a certain amount of water leaves the system, the pressure becomes normal. And his strength is not enough to influence the power of the spring, which means that the membrane becomes in the previous position and closes the exit from the safety valve.

The heating system’s discharge valve is capable of cycling. This may occur when thermal equipment runs at maximum power, which occurs when the coolant reaches a temperature between 90 and 950 degrees Celsius.

The discharge valve opens and the device loses its tightness if the situation involving the pressure increase happens too frequently. It should be recognized that the heating heat unit operates continuously at high pressure in the event that leaks of this kind are detected. This could be a sign of heating appliance problems.

Rice. 2: Safety valve design

Installation of a safety valve

Only when the heating safety valve is installed correctly will it completely fulfill its protective role.

Guidelines for attaching an apparatus to the heating system:

• Install a safety device should be installed immediately after the boiler, namely on the supply pipe. To do this, two devices are cut into the heating system, and a duplicate structure is obtained.
• If the crane is installed in the hot water supply system, then the installation should be carried out on the hot water output pipe. Namely at the top near the boiler.
• It is not recommended to install any shut-off-regulating taps between the pipe and the safety valve. And also, after the safety device, you should not install a smaller diameter pipe.
• It is necessary to install reset pipes, they join the pipeline of sufficient diameter. Reset pipes should be taken, for example, to the sewer. But on this line of the pipeline, locking reinforcement is not installed.

Constantly checking the reset valve’s functionality is necessary. This device is forced open to accomplish this. Additionally, the pressure is tested and adjusted once a year prior to the heating season.

3. Rice. 3 Membrane valve reset

A safety valve can be of several types:

• Culfate fuses, made of brass. This species is direct -flowing, that is, it opens with a pressure force. This is a cheap option, but quite reliable. And has a simple design: thread on both sides, and a rod with a gasket.
• Brass fuse with a more complex design. I should mount such a valve into a heating system after a circulation pump. The spring and the stem in this design are made of stainless steel. This safety device can withstand the temperature regime up to 1200C.
• Findal valves are a type of safety device that should not allow the heat carrier antipolis in the heating system if the pressure drops there.

Also, there are two primary kinds:

• Spring -loaded – the pressure of pressure affects the elasticity of the spring;
• Non -free – these are valves in which the return is carried out under the influence of their own mass.

Choosing a safety valve

Professionals with the necessary qualifications should select the safety device for the heating system. Given that Gostekhnadzor created and approved a few regulations. Additionally, a special calculator can be found on the websites selling these devices to calculate the desired diameter.

The safety valve needs to be built for pressure, which is 20–25% higher than the heating system’s typical pressure.

How to choose a safety valve in the pressure in the boiler

Water in the boiler and pipelines heats up to a critical temperature if the heating is not controlled. As a result, the water boils and enters the steam phase, increasing network pressure. The highway or the heat generator’s sheathing bursts, filling the entire room with steam. There is a safety valve that releases the pressure in the heating system beforehand to avert the situation mentioned. Thus, choosing this crucial component needs careful consideration—something that this information will assist you with.

Operating principle

The majority of common users of closed water heating systems are only acquainted with one kind of safety reinforcement, which is the straightforward spring valve in the picture with a fixed setting. It makes sense that these devices, which are installed on all boilers as part of the security group along with the pressure gauge and air venture, would be installed everywhere.

Note: Safety features are built into wall heat generators that run on natural gas or electricity right out of the factory. They are positioned within the case so that they are hidden from view.

Let’s examine how the typical emergency valve depicted in the diagram above operates:

1. Under normal conditions, the membrane attached to the rod and propped up by the spring sits tightly in the saddle and hermetically overlap the passage.
2. If the coolant is overheated, it expands and creates excess pressure in a closed system, partially compensated by the expansion tank.
3. Когда величина подпора воды достигает порога срабатывания клапана (обычно – 3 Бар), пружина под ее воздействием сжимается и мембрана открывает проход. Automatic discharge of boiling coolant is made until the spring is enough strength to close the passage again.
4. In the event of an emergency, the owner of the house can himself discharge excess pressure, turning the handle in the upper part of the product.

A few words regarding the location of the discharge valve’s security group in a closed heating system. Its location is along the feeding line, right next to the boiler (a maximum of 0.5 meters is advised).

A crucial aspect. Installing taps, valves, or other overlapping devices in the pipeline that connects the heat generator to the safety elements is prohibited.

Tightly connecting the product pipe to the sewer is not worth it because puddles or wet stains will reveal issues with the valve and the heating network. When using a solid fuel boiler, for instance, an expansion tank or circulation pump may have failed (possibly turned off electricity). Garbage between the saddle and plate is often the reason why the device starts to leak. The video tells more about his work:

Information clarification. Because the coolant pressure compresses the spring and undermines the membrane, the discharge spring valves of the masters and installers are referred to as subversive. They should not be confused with explosive devices that are placed on the chimneys of commercial natural gas boilers.

Types of safety valves

The above-mentioned traditional subversive design is not flawless. The spring mechanism, which is powered by high pressure, is accurate and can operate slowly once the boiler tank’s temperature reaches 100 °C or higher—that is, when a boil starts. Of course, you can try to modify the product’s settings or tighten the screw (some models have an adjusting cap), but sometimes this won’t have the desired effect.

Second moment: the boiler’s safety valve guards against damage but not overheating. After all, if the furnace’s combustion continues, the coolant discharge cannot be used to cool the heating unit. Finally, since water in them can boil without creating pressure, these devices are usually pointless in open-type heating systems.

Prominent producers of heating reinforcement provide cutting-edge products free of the specified flaws, such as heat discharge valves. These safety features respond when the system’s water temperature rises to a critical point rather than when the system’s water pressure rises. Three different product varieties exist:

• reset with a remote temperature sensor;
• a combined device with a temperature sensor and a recharge circuit;
• The same with a direct installation in the pipeline.

As a point of reference. These are the names of trustworthy companies whose emergency reinforcement is safe to purchase and use in homes. These are the producers of Herz Armaturen (Austria), ICMA and CALEFFI (Italy), and the renowned European brand Danfoss.

All varieties work on the same principle: a bellif filled with a thermally sensitive fluid that expands significantly when heated drives a spring mechanism with one or more membranes. In this manner, when a critical temperature is reached, the heat discharge valves respond fairly accurately. We propose to take a closer look at each of them.

Element with a remote sensor

The product is the same spring mechanism that is integrated into the case and has two pipes that connect to the sewer and feeding line, respectively. Furs (2 groups – main and backup) are moved by a rod that opens a plate and road to the coolant. Thermosensitive fluid from a capillary tube sensor presses them when water overheats (beta 95 to 100 °C). The figure depicts the safety element’s design:

There are three ways in which a solid fuel boiler’s temperature valve is strapped in:

• with cooling through the water circuit of the heat generator;
• The same, through a special emergency heat exchanger;
• Coarrous reset with automatic subtopics.

Double-circuit heating plants that supply water for hydraulic devices use the first scheme shown below. The hot water from the contour merges into the sewer and takes the place of the cold water from the water supply when a sensor positioned beneath the surface of a TT-boiler activates the mechanism. Such a functioning system will promptly cool the boiler shirt and avert the consequences, regardless of the accident’s causes.

Note: The publication uses CALEFFI brand schemes that are sourced from the manufacturer’s official website.

With an integrated emergency heat exchanger for cooling in the event of overheating, the second circuit is intended for use with heat generators. European brands such as Di Dietrich and Atmos produce these units.

The most recent circuit can only be used in conjunction with the automatic recharge system because in this case the valve releases coolant rather than cooling water.

As you can see, the manufacturer permits the installation of two emergency devices: a reset valve and a security group that operate under pressure.

Caution. When using cast iron fuel in a wood-like heater, automatic feeding is not advised. The latter is prone to cracking when exposed to sudden changes in temperature, such as when a large volume of cold water is supplied.

Combined products with system subscription

This brilliant emergency reinforcement representative carries out three tasks simultaneously and operates similarly to bypass valves in theory:

1. Reset of the overheated coolant from the boiler tank at the signal of the remote sensor.
2. Effective cooling of the heat generator.
3. Automatic recharge of the heating system with cold water.

The product’s design is seen in the picture above, where two plates are mounted on a single rod and two passes are opened simultaneously. The first passes release boiling coolant, while the second pass replenishes losses by releasing water in the opposite direction. The combined bypass valve connection diagram for a solid fuel boiler looks like this:

Note: The duct must be organized through an indirect heating boiler or an open expansion tank if you must use this type of device to cool a TT-cat with a cast-iron heat exchanger.

The triple output bypass valve only integrates directly into the heat carrier supply pipeline close to the heating unit, but it functions based on the same combined principle. The section of the case that is inside the pipe is where the bell tower is situated. The water supply and the recharge line are connected to the two upper pipes, and the reset is completed through the lower pipe. These products are utilized when there is not enough room in the boiler room.

How to choose emergency reinforcement

Of course, the traditional subversive valve will be less expensive to buy and install than temperature sensors. A closed heating system connected to an electric, gas, or diesel boiler will be easily protected by him because, in the event of an accident, the boilers will cease to heat almost immediately. An additional item is a heat generator that is fixed to the angle and wood.

Use these suggestions as a guide to properly select the excess pressure or heat discharge valve:

1. When using any energy carriers, except for solid fuel, feel free to buy a conventional subversive device.
2. Explore the documentation of your heat or boiler source (depending on what you need to protect) and choose the safety reinforcement according to the maximum permissible pressure indicated in it. Most of the heating equipment is designed for the limit of 3 bar, although there are exceptions – the Lithuanian boilers Stropuva withstand only 2 bar, and some Russian units (from inexpensive) – 1.5 bar.
3. For effective cooling of wood heat generators in the event of an accident, it is better to put one of the heat discharge valves. Their maximum operating pressure is 10 bar.
4. In open systems with TT-Kotl, the discharge of pressure is useless. Choose a safety product that works at a coolant temperature of 95-100 ° C, suitable for your unit and a method.

Suggestions. Avoid purchasing inexpensive safety reinforcement from China. It is not only untrustworthy, but it keeps on undermining after the initial attempt.

Apart from fixed-setting products, there are adjustable valves available for purchase. There is no particular need to purchase them if you are not an expert in the field of heating.

Discharge valve for heating	Function: Releases air from the heating system
Location: Typically located at the highest point of the heating system	Importance: Prevents airlocks and ensures efficient heating

In the long run, installing a discharge valve for your heating system can save you money, time, and aggravation. A discharge valve makes it possible for air to exit your heating system, which speeds up and evens out the heating of your radiators, keeping your house toasty and cozy during the winter.

A discharge valve not only increases your heating system’s efficiency, but it also helps shield it from problems like corrosion, noise, and cold spots. A discharge valve helps lessen the possibility of airlocks, which can lead to uneven or nonexistent heating from your radiators by expelling air from them. This can lower your energy costs and increase the overall efficiency of your heating system.

All things considered, adding a discharge valve to your heating system is an easy and affordable method to raise its effectiveness and efficiency. In order to maintain a warm and cozy home throughout the year, a discharge valve is a crucial part of any heating system, whether it is being installed in a new construction or renovated.

Video on the topic

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