Calculation of heating by area

Efficient home heating not only promotes comfort but also reduces energy and financial costs. Knowing how much heat your home requires is a basic component of efficient heating, and calculating heating by area is a crucial step in this process.

Assessing the size of each room or space in your house and figuring out how much heat is required to keep it at a comfortable temperature are the first steps in calculating heating by area. This computation considers a number of variables, including the space’s measurements, the degree of insulation, and the local climate.

Optimizing the performance of your heating system requires that you comprehend the unique heating requirements of each area in your home. You can make sure that every room has the appropriate amount of heat by precisely calculating heating by area, which will help you prevent both underheating and needless energy waste.

A space’s heat gain and loss can be influenced by various elements, including the number and size of windows, the orientation of the rooms, and the existence of drafts. To ascertain the proper heating load for every area, a detailed evaluation of these variables is required.

Knowing how to compute heating by area is an essential first step, whether you’re thinking about remodeling your house, replacing your heating system, or just trying to be more energy efficient. The subsequent sections will delve into various techniques and factors to take into account when precisely assessing your home’s heating requirements.

Calculation of heating by the area of the room – detailed analysis of methods

You should be able to compute heating according to room area if you need to replace outdated radiators or if you plan to install a new system in a home that is still under construction.

You must precisely calculate the number of sections in the installed radiators for the system to function optimally in terms of warming and heat transfer.

A room with insufficient sections will never warm up adequately, and a large number of them will result in unintentional and excessive heat consumption, which will negatively impact your bells and finances. The standard type and layout requirements can be ascertained through relatively straightforward computations; however, to attain higher precision, certain extra factors and characteristics must be considered.

Simple calculations on the area

By concentrating on the area of the room, you can determine the worth of the heating batteries. Using plumbing standards, which state that one square meter must be heated with a thermal power of 100 W per hour, is made easiest with this method. It is important to keep in mind that this method is only applicable to rooms with standard height ceilings (2.5–2.7 meters), and the outcome may be somewhat inflated. Additionally, it disregards characteristics like:

• the number of windows and type of double -glazed windows on them;
• the number of external walls in the room;
• the thickness of the walls of the building and what material they consist of;
• type and thickness of the used insulation;
• temperature range in this climatic zone.

The area multiplied by the thermal power (100 W) is the amount of heat that radiators should produce to heat the space. For instance, an eighteen-square-meter room. needs this kind of heating battery power:

100 Wx 18 sq. m = 1800 W

That is, 1.8 kW of power are needed per hour to heat 18 square meters. This outcome needs to be divided by the heat output, which chooses a portion of the heating radiator each hour. In the event that the information found in his passport indicates that it is 170 watts, the following computation step would be as follows:

10.59 is 1800 W / 170 W.

Rounding this number to the nearest whole number (usually rounding up) will result in an output of 11. That is to say, in order to achieve the ideal room temperature during the heating season, the heating radiator needs to be adjusted to the eleventh section.

This method can only be used to determine the battery size in rooms that have central heating and where the coolant temperature does not exceed 70 degrees Celsius.

There is a more straightforward method that can be applied to the typical apartment building conditions. This approximate calculation accounts for the fact that one section is required to heat 1.8 kV.m of the area. Stated differently, the room’s area needs to be divided into 1.8. For instance, 14 parts are needed for a 25 kV.m area.

1.8 kV/(25 sq.m.) = 13.89

However, this calculation method is not noteworthy for radiators with lower or higher power output (where one section’s average return varies from 120 to 200 watts).

Consider the calculation method for rooms with high ceilings

Nevertheless, for rooms with ceilings higher than three meters, the number of sections cannot be accurately calculated using the heating by area method. In this instance, the formula that accounts for the room’s volume must be applied. 41 W are needed to heat one cubic meter of volume in accordance with SNiP recommendations. Therefore, the computation will be as follows for a room with ceilings that are 3 meters high and a surface area of 24 square meters:

Room volume = 72 cubic meters x 3 m = 24 sq. m.

72 m³ x 41 W = 2952 W is the amount of battery power needed to heat the space.

You should now ascertain how many sections there are. In the event that the documentation for the radiator indicates that one component’s heat transfer is 180 watts per hour, the battery’s found capacity must be divided by this figure:

180 W / 2952 W = 16.4

It turns out that 17 sections will warm a room with a volume of 72 cubic meters, rounded to the nearest whole number.

You can quickly ascertain the necessary data with simple computations.

Additional parameters that need to be taken into account

Remember to adjust the number of heating radiator sections for your apartment after estimating the approximate number while accounting for the room’s features. The following needs to be considered:

• For the corner room (two walls go outside) with one window, the radiator power must be increased by 20%, and with two windows – by 30%;
• If the radiator is mounted in a niche under the window, its heat transfer will decrease, this is compensated by an increase in power by 5%;
• 10% should be increased if the windows overlook the north or north-east side;
• The screen, for beauty closing radiators, “steals” 15% of their heat transfer, which should also be taken into account when calculating.

First and foremost, the overall value of the thermal power required for placement needs to be computed, considering all of the current variables and conditions. Only then, allocating one section per hour, divide this value by the quantity of heat. Generally speaking, a fractional result is rounded to the nearest whole number.

Specifics and other features

It is also feasible for the premises for which the computation is done to have additional specificity because they are not all identical and comparable. It could be signs like these:

• The temperature of the coolant is less than 70 degrees – the number of parts should be increased accordingly;
• The absence of the door in the opening between the two rooms. Then it is required to calculate the total area of both rooms to calculate the number of radiators for optimal heating;
• The double -glazed windows installed on the windows prevent heat loss, therefore, you can mount less battery sections.

Replacing old cast-iron batteries, which maintained a room temperature that was normal, with new aluminum or bimetallic batteries requires very little calculation. Multiply one cast-iron section’s heat transfer (which is 150 watts on average). To get one new part, divide the outcome by the heat input.

Climatic zones are also important

Since different climatic zones require different amounts of heating, these indicators must be considered when designing the project. This is not to belittle anyone.

Additionally, climate zones have unique coefficients:

• The middle strip of Russia has a coefficient of 1.00, so it is not used;
• Northern and Eastern regions: 1.6;
• Southern stripes: 0.7-0.9 (minimum and average annual temperatures in the region are taken into account).

One part’s heat transfer must be divided by the coefficient after it has been multiplied by the total thermal power.

As a result, the area of special difficulties’ heating computation is not representative. Take a few minutes to sit down, calculate, and count quietly. It makes it simple for any owner of an apartment or home to calculate the radiator size that needs to be installed in the kitchen, bathroom, or any other area.

If you are unsure of your skills and knowledge, let the pros install the system. Paying experts once is preferable to making mistakes, disassembling the work, and starting over. Or take no action at all.

To continue the discussion, high-quality interior doors from www.Dveri-TMK.ru can help your home or apartment save heat. and make the heating area’s computations simpler.

Calculation of the number of heating radiators by the area and volume of the room

The question of how to figure out how many heating radiators and device sections there are in an apartment comes up when replacing the batteries or switching to individual heating. In the winter, the apartment will be cool if the batteries don’t have enough power. Not only can an excessive number of sections result in needless overpayments, but tenants occupying lower floors will be left without heat if the heating system has a single-pipe wiring. Based on the area or volume of the room, you can determine the ideal power and number of radiators while accounting for the characteristics of various battery types.

Calculation by area

The most popular and straightforward method is to divide the area of the heated room by the power of the devices needed for heating. The average norm states that 1 kV is needed for heating. 100 watts of thermal power are needed to cover one meter. Take a 15 kV-meter-square-area room as an example. This method indicates that 1,500 watts of thermal energy are needed to heat it.

When applying this method, there are a few key considerations to make:

• 100 watts per 1 sq. A meter of area belongs to the middle climatic strip, in the southern regions for heating 1 sq. Meter of the room requires lower power – from 60 to 90 watts;
• for areas with a harsh climate and very cold winter for heating 1 kV. meters required from 150 to 200 watts;
• The method is suitable for rooms with a standard ceiling height not exceeding 3 meters;
• The method does not take into account heat losses that will depend on the location of the apartment, the number of windows, the quality of insulation, the material of the walls.

Calculation methodology for the volume of the room

The calculation method that accounts for the volume of the ceiling will be more accurate because it considers the height of the apartment’s ceilings as well as the material used to make the exterior walls. The following is the calculation sequence:

1. The volume of the room is determined, for this the area of the room is multiplied by the height of the ceiling. For a room of 15 square meters. m. and the height of the ceiling 2.7 m it will be 40.5 cubic meters.
2. Different amounts of energy are spent depending on the material of the walls on heating of one cubic meter of air. According to SNiP standards for an apartment in a brick house, this indicator is 34 watts, for a panel house – 41 watts. So, the resulting volume must be multiplied by 34 or 41 watts. Then for a brick building for heating a room of 15 squares, 1377 W (40.5*34) will be required, for panel – 1660, 5 W (40.5*41).

Correction of results

If all the variables that influence the decrease or increase in heat loss are not taken into consideration, any of the chosen methods will only produce an approximative result. To ensure precision in the calculation, multiply the radiator power result by the coefficients listed below, selecting the appropriate one.

15–35% of the heat in the room may be lost through the windows, depending on their size and the quality of the insulation they provide. Thus, two coefficient windows will be used in the computations.

The proportion of the room’s floor to window area:

• for a window with a three -chamber double -glazed window or a two -chamber with an argon – 0.85;
• for a window with a conventional two -chamber double -glazed window – 1.0;
• for frames with ordinary double glazing – 1.27.

Walls and ceiling

The quantity of external walls, the standard of thermal insulation, and the room situated above the apartment all affect the amount of heat loss. There will be three additional coefficients used to adjust for these factors.

The quantity of exterior walls

• There are no external walls, heat losses are absent – a coefficient of 1.0;
• One outer wall – 1.1;
• two – 1.2;
• Three – 1.3.

• normal thermal insulation (wall with a thickness of 2 bricks or a layer of insulation) – 1.0;
• high degree of thermal insulation – 0.8;
• Low – 1.27.

Type of accounting for the room above:

• heated apartment – 0.8;
• heated attic – 0.9;
• Cold attic – 1.0.

Ceiling height

If you calculated the area using a method for a room with a non-standard wall height, you will need to consider this in order to understand the outcome. The following is how to find the coefficient: The standard height, which is 2.7 meters, is separated from the current ceiling height. As a result, the following figures result:

Climatic conditions

The final coefficient accounts for the wintertime street air temperature. The average temperature during the coldest week of the year will serve as our starting point.

Calculation of the number of radiator sections

We can determine the amount of heating batteries once we know how much power is needed to heat the space.

You must divide the estimated total power by the power of a single device section in order to determine the number of radiator sections. The average indicators for various radiator types with a standard axial distance of 50 cm can be used for calculations:

• for cast -iron batteries, the approximate power of one section is 160 watts;
• for bimetallic – 180 watts;
• for aluminum – 200 watts.

Assistance: The height between the centers of the holes where the coolant is supplied and redirected is known as the radiator’s axial distance.

For instance, we figure out how many bimetallic radiator sections are needed in a 15 square meter space. Assume that you thought about power in the room in the most straightforward manner. Divide the 1,1800 watts needed for the 1,500 watts of heating. Wrap the resultant number 8.3; eight sections are needed for the bimetallic radiator.

Crucial! If you choose to use a non-standard battery, find out how much power one section of the device’s passport holds.

It’s important to understand the basic concepts in order to calculate your house’s heating needs based on its area. The climate, the size of the room, and the quality of the insulation all affect how much heat is needed. You can choose the ideal heating system for your house by evaluating these factors. Knowing how much energy you use also makes it easier to select economical and environmentally friendly heating solutions. By doing the right calculations, you can maximize energy efficiency and lower heating costs while maintaining a comfortable living space.

Dependence on the temperature regime of the heating system

Radiator power is recommended for systems with high heat regime temperatures. If your home’s heating system runs in a low-temperature thermal mode or a medium-trampressed mode, you’ll need to perform extra calculations to choose batteries with the right number of sections.

First, we calculate the system’s thermal pressure, which is the difference between the ambient temperature and the batteries. The average arithmetic temperature of the supply temperature and coolant removal is used to determine the temperature of the heating devices.

1. High -temperature regime: 90/70/20 (feed temperature – 90 ° C, return – 70 ° C, a value of 20 ° C is accepted for the average temperature in the room). We calculate thermal pressure as follows: (90 + 70) / 2 – 20 = 60 ° C;
2. Medium -compartment: 75/65/20, thermal pressure – 50 ° C.
3. Low -temperature: 55/45/20, thermal pressure – 30 ° C.

The total power multiplied by the radiator passport pressure and the current thermal pressure divided will yield the number of battery sections required for systems with thermal pressures of 50 and 30. for a 15 kV.m. room. It is necessary to have 15 sections of aluminum radiators, 17 bimetallic sections, and 19 cast-iron battery sections.

You will require twice as many sections for a low-temperature heating system.

Room/Area	Heating Requirement
Living Room	2000 BTU
Bedroom	1500 BTU
Kitchen	1800 BTU

Comfort and financial savings depend on your home having effective insulation and heating. Finding the heating needs based on the size of your home is one of the basic steps in this process.

You can calculate how much heat is required to keep your house comfortable in the winter by precisely measuring the area of each room or zone. This computation takes into consideration variables like the area’s size, insulation quality, and local climate.

You can select the ideal heating system for your house by calculating heating by area. Knowing what kind of heating you need—central heating, radiant floor heating, or individual room heaters—will help you make the most informed and cost-effective investment.

Furthermore, precise heating calculations minimize environmental impact, optimize energy use, and lower utility costs. Understanding the precise amount of heat your house requires will help you save money on energy costs and promote a more sustainable and environmentally friendly future.

To sum up, the first step towards guaranteeing the best possible comfort, economy, and efficiency for your home’s heating and insulation needs is to calculate the heating requirements by area. You may make choices that are good for the environment and your household budget by taking the time to thoroughly evaluate your space and its heating requirements.