Cable for warm floor how to choose, installation principles

Are you sick of having your feet hurt during the winter by chilly floors? Perhaps you’re thinking about adding a warm floor system to maintain a comfortable and cozy living space. One common method for accomplishing this is the use of heating cables. When properly installed, these cables can provide a room consistent warmth, making sure that you are comfortable and warm wherever you walk.

It can be difficult to select the best heating cable for your warm floor system, though, given the wide range of options on the market. In order to guarantee effective heating and peak performance, it is essential to comprehend the concepts underlying their selection and installation. This post will walk you through the process of selecting the best heating cable for your requirements and the fundamentals of a successful installation.

There are a few things to take into account when choosing a heating cable for your warm floor. The kind of cable that is appropriate for your flooring material and the particular needs of your room is one of the most important factors to take into account. There is a heating cable that is suitable for your flooring type, whether it is tile, laminate, or carpet.

The heating cable’s power output and coverage area are also important factors to take into account. Finding the right wattage per square foot will guarantee that your floor is heated to the right temperature without using too much energy. Furthermore, knowing the coverage area makes it easier to estimate how much heating cable your room will need, saving you money and guaranteeing effective heating.

For your warm floor system to work as well as possible after you’ve selected the appropriate heating cable, correct installation is essential. Whether it’s adhesive, mortar, or concrete, the heating cable is usually embedded in the flooring material during the installation process. The room will remain consistently warm and free of cold spots if the cable is positioned and spaced properly to distribute heat evenly across the floor.

Factors to Consider	Installation Principles
1. Type of Cable	1. Plan Layout
2. Room Size	2. Subfloor Preparation
3. Insulation Needs	3. Cable Installation
4. Power Requirements	4. Thermostat Installation
5. Control Options	5. Testing and Verification

What is a heating cable

The heating cable is based on a metal core along which the current passes, thereby ensuring the heating of the room. It acts as the main source of thermal radiation, but the efficiency of the system will largely depend on the layers of the upper masonry. That is, how much the floor material is able to accumulate and spread heat. The cable also has an insulating coating, shielding braids and in some cases polymer protection. Since the cable conductor is characterized by high electrical resistance, the main volume of energy spent on its operation will go purposefully for heating. The standard for a warm floor can be placed with power potential from 17 to 25 watts per 100 cm. The advantages of warming conductors include the possibility of organizing complex laying lines. For example, if the task of arranging a warm floor of the bathroom is worth it, then in the scheme you can provide points for bypassing the washbasin, toilet, washing machine, etc.D. However, there are established cable location schemes, which will be considered separately.

Types of cables

Use self-regulating or resistive cables when installing cable electric floors. It is important to keep in mind that a resistive cable distributes the same amount of heat when it is in use. In this instance, there will be no correlation between the coolant’s temperature and the amount of heat released. Thermal power is changed by self-regulating cables that adapt to changes in their own temperature.

One-core and two-core resistive cables are the two varieties available on the market. The latter and the former share the same principle of action. The primary component of the cable, the heating core, transforms electrical energy into thermal energy.

One-core options are popular because of their appealing pricing structure. Perhaps the only benefit of one-core wire is its low cost. The two ends of the wire must be connected for a closed circuit to form. This may result in a variety of issues when the engineering system is being installed.

Strong electromagnetic radiation is produced when the same cable is in use. Although they haven’t yet demonstrated that they can be harmful to human health, scientists haven’t denied this either.

The conductive and heating cores make up the two-core cable. It is possible to lower the electromagnetic radiation level with this structure.

Only in cases where the black floor is perfectly level can you use a resistive cable. A specific length of resistive cables is produced by manufacturers. Only the areas of the room that are free from furniture are covered with heating cables.

It is likely to overheat if furniture is placed on top of the wire. Consequently, the entire system will malfunction. In order to disassemble a warm floor, you will need to destroy the screed in addition to removing the decorative layer.

The system won’t overheat if a self-regulating cable is used when installing a warm floor. This is because of the particulars of the heating element’s construction. It is made up of numerous tiny heating elements. These components are sequentially connected to one another.

It is also important to remember that each of these elements has two conductive cores. There is a polymer in between these veins. He is the one that is the heat source. This polymer’s resistance and temperature are directly correlated in proportion.

The resistance increases instantly as the material’s temperature rises. In this instance, the amount of heat released decreases as the current strength decreases. The amount of heat produced by each segment can be independently adjusted by this "smart" heating element.

One feature of the self-regulating cable is that no element’s temperature is influenced by the temperature of its neighbors. Regarding pricing, it is several times more expensive than resistive analogues’ pricing.

Kinds

You should educate yourself on all the different types of heating cables before making your final decision. There are the following kinds.

Resistant cable

It is separated into different varieties and maintains the same temperature throughout:

• One -core. This species justifies its name. It consists of one heating vein, a mounted shell of wire or foil. The process of connecting such a cable requires to converge both of its ends in one place, that is, connecting them to the temperature regulator. One -core cable has a number of advantages, namely:

1. maximum heating temperature;
2. small energy consumption;
3. affordable price.

• Two -wire. Consists, respectively, of two cores, which is also surrounded by a protective film. A two -core cable is not required to connect. Closing the circuit is ensured by connecting a special coupling to the free end of the wire. Its advantages include:

1. simplicity of laying;
2. the possibility of forming a route of any shape and length;
3. one -sided connection;
4. The invariability of the electromagnetic field.

Self -regulating

This kind of cable works by placing two conductive veins in contact with a polymer matrix made of semiconductors, which allows it to control the system’s heating in response to ambient temperature. The screen braid’s layers shield and isolate the matrix, which is divided into two layers. The self-regulating wire has the following advantages:

1. universality;
2. durability;
3. the ability to independently select the temperature in the room;
4. resistance to damage;
5. reliability.

Electric mats

It’s advised to use special heating electric mats to reduce expenses and make the installation of a warm floor more easy and convenient. They are then separated into:

1. cable;
2. carbon;
3. film.

Let’s examine each type in more detail:

• Cable (wired) mat – This is a flat flexible device consisting of a single -wire wire attached to a metal grid in the shape of a snake. Such mats are ideal for tiled and tile finnish coatings.
• Carbon or carbon fiber It is a design of parallel -fixed autonomous self -regulating heating rods that distinguish infrared radiation, which is the source of heat in such schemes.
• Film mat, In fact, it is arranged in the same way as carbon.

The addition of a polymer film for additional protection to the carbon rods is the only distinction.

Methods of installation

Ultimately, the heating cable needs to be sealed with tile glue or a solution on all sides. There are three ways to do this:

Pouring in. the most accurate method. involves dousing miniature workers with 1-2 cm of cable on top. Any type of floor covering can be installed over the resulting screed. In order to execute this, a few centimeters of height should be added when pouring the main screed in locations where there will be WELLS. Mixtures that enable filling such thin layers are used for work. This method is not appropriate if a screed initially flooded in one level and it is unacceptable to raise the floor level.

An adhesive coating. The tile is placed on top of the cable on the thick glue layer. Raising the level of the black floor by 1-2 cm is acceptable when laying the tile, and remember that the tile will add at least 1 cm. The reason this option should be taken last is that there will be a big difference at the border of the WEAR Zone.

Shtrust. However, when raising the level of screed is unacceptable, the most FIRE method is the most challenging and gloomy one. The lines where the heating cable will go must first be marked. The stroob beneath the corrugation with the thermal attachment and the connecting coupling with the cold cable must also be considered. To measure the length of the string, you must attach ANYTHING or RASE to the lines after marking. Make sure the entire cable fits into the future trobe; if not, you’ll need to alter the marking.

Following the stroke, the surface is primed and all dust is removed. After the wire is positioned in the stroke and depth, StROBRs should enable you to smear three to five millimeters of solution over the cable.

The thermal attenter in the corrugation is likewise installed in the bar; electrical tape should be used to drown out the end of the corrugation. The end of the corrugation should be positioned between the heating veins, close to the heating zone’s edge but not exactly on it. The thermostat should be positioned 30 to 50 centimeters from the edge, further into the heated area.

Following the wire installation, tile glue or a bulk floor mixture is applied to the strokes. Applying the final layer of 1-2 mm bulk floor will not be unnecessary if linoleum is intended to be installed.

No sooner than one month after the completion of all wet floor processes (tiling, filling), should the floors be checked or operated. Although an early inclusion may result in a solution of solution or glue, it won’t harm the cable itself.

Features of self -regulating cables

The structure of such conductors differs in that between the two veins is a plastic matrix. It is made on the basis of extruded semiconductor material, and outwardly protected by tined copper. During operation, it allows you to automatically adjust the parameters of the warm floor. Changes power depending on the current microclimate conditions, which the matrix sensitive to temperature fixes. For example, if the room is cold, the system increases the intensity of heating, and vice versa. Of course, such a regulation mechanism does not give all the possibilities of a full -fledged thermostat, but if there are no special requirements for tuning, then you can rely on such an automatic control scheme.

Stage 1 Creating a project and calculations

The beginning of the process to configure the electric warming system Paul starts by selecting the kind of heating element.

These kinds of systems are differentiated based on this:

• Cable floors. The heating is responsible for the heat supply
  Cable laid on the prepared base. Cable installation is performed with
  using additional fasteners or nets;

• Heating mats. In this case, heating cable
  placed in a special thermal conductive mat and is located inside in the form
  "Snakes". The use of mats significantly reduces the time for designing and
  Cable installation;

• film floors (infrared). Heating is carried out by the way
  installations of a special IR film for a warm floor.

Electric warm floor types

Note: Paul’s installation in the operated room is causing problems for a lot of users. Pipic laying is challenging because it necessitates wall strokes in order to install a separate electrical wiring line.

Options for laying heating cables

When creating a warm electric floor project, it is important to consider that different methods exist for system installation, with varying approaches to cable laying:

• mounted in a screed;

• It is laid on top of the screed under the tile, laminate;

• fits directly on the screed under the final coating
  (film (infrared) warm floors).

The following data is included in the developed project:

• calculation of the warm floor of the electric;

• the installation site of heating regulators and power supply;

• the installation site of the heating cable in each of the rooms;

Note: locations designated for furniture installations and large device installations cannot accommodate the cable. Additionally, placing it near heat sources is inappropriate.

An illustration of a bathroom project

The plan for installing an electric warm floorin the bathroom instead of a cable warm floor

LAST ON is one of the drawbacks of a warm electric floor.To. Placement of furniture on the cable is highly undesirable as it may result in a breach of its integrity.

Calculation of electric warm floor

The heated area determines how much power the system uses, and this can be calculated using the following formula:

P is the system power in W/m^2.

P is the heating element’s power, W;

The room’s area, expressed in m.sq., is S.

Note: The calculation of warm floors is done independently for every room.

You can use tables created by cable warm floor manufacturers for computations. These tables account for heat loss rooms, the method used to lay the cables, and the total amount of cable in the space. If the film floor is used, the number of sections that cover the designated area is chosen.

Selecting the appropriate cable for your heated floor is essential for achieving maximum heating and energy conservation in your house. The size of the space, your budget, and the type of flooring are the most important things to take into account. Whether you have tile, laminate, or carpet, it’s critical to choose a cable that matches your floor type’s power output and installation technique. To optimize heat distribution and reduce energy consumption, it is also crucial to make sure that the insulation and spacing are installed properly. You can take advantage of a comfortable and economical heating solution for your house by being aware of your options and adhering to the suggested installation guidelines.

Advantages of tile laying

The best option is to lay tiles, even though modern heating cables can be integrated even into wooden flooring. The benefits of this solution are as follows:

• The main advantage lies in higher heat transfer. The tile material is characterized by accumulative ability, therefore, depending on the power of the cable, you can even provide a full -fledged rather than auxiliary heating.
• If you install warm floors under the tile, the cable will maintain the energy potential longer. The tile not only heats up well, but for a long time holds the accumulated thermal energy.
• This will be a practical heating option if you implement it in the bathroom or in the kitchen. Heat contributes to the rapid drying of the floor after it was wet, which often happens in such rooms.

Heating cable installation procedure

The heating cable, or "cold" wire that connects the thermostat to the heated floor, needs to be carefully planned out before installation. Additionally, the end and connecting couplings—which combine warm and cold elements—must be indicated (rice, 1).

In order to install the temperature sensor and "cold" connecting wire, a 20 mm-diameter stroba (channel) is placed in the wall, along with a thermostat mounting box (socket) (rice. 2).

The special heat-refracting substrate will be installed at the planned location of the heating cable laying, which will shorten the system’s heating time and, as a result, save electricity costs.

Depending on the desired effect and the amount of heat loss in the room, you can lay different power on a square meter by altering the pitch of the cable.

Use the following formula to determine the stack of cables to be laid:

Where l is the heating cable’s length and s is the heated area.

For further heating of porcelain stoneware, the Deviflex DTIP-18 37 m long, the Thermocable 35 m set, or the AEG HC-800 length 40 m can be placed on the heated area of 5 m2. In this instance, the first step will be:

Using the Thermo 35 m cable as an example, we obtain a step of 14.2 cm.

The type of cable—one or two core—is also considered during the installation process. The two "cold" ends of the first one are different because they need to be connected to the thermostat. As a result, one-core cable laying ends where it started.

We advise utilizing a two-core heating cable exclusively when installing the "warm floor" system in residential buildings.

Following installation, the insulation resistance (rice. 4) and ohmic resistance of a heating cable are measured; both should fall between -5% and +10% of the nominal value. The nominal resistance is stated in the accompanying documentation (AEG) or on the connecting coupling (Thermo, Devi).

To the ready strobe A thermostat is included. A corrugated tube with a diameter of 10 to 16 mm is mounted and has a heating cable installed. The cable loop should enter the open side of the heated corrugation zone with the sensor at a distance of approximately 30 to 50 cm (rice, 5).

For improved screed adhesion with the floor’s concrete base, technological cutouts and windows are fabricated in the heat-refined substrate in between the cable turns. Approximately 80% of the heated area should be covered in thermal insulation.

Installed a warm floor (rice.6) that was covered with a 30–40 mm thick layer of uniform cement screed. The thermal cable itself, the end, and the connecting couplings must all be fully submerged in the solution. Next, measurements should be made of the cable’s ohmic resistance and the insulation’s resistance.

The screed can be covered with any type of flooring once it has dried.

It is not possible to incorporate a warm floor until the cement screed has dried completely, which takes 28 to 30 days.

It is recommended that the decorative coating and cement screed have a thickness of no more than 50 mm. If they do, the system may exhibit a notable inertia and require more electricity to operate.

It is not permitted to shorten or cut the heating cable. By doing this, the cable will be turned off. Should a cable become damaged during installation or use (for instance. When drilling the floor), specialized repairmen are used to complete the work. We always have replacement parts for one-core and two-core cables in our central warehouse.

It is not permitted to copy and use text from the Teply Paul company stores’ website without giving credit to the original author!

Cable system Effective simplicity

A heating cable serves as the primary component in a design that is comparable. The working principle is remarkably straightforward: electricity is transformed into heat.

Despite their apparent simplicity, these systems are thought to require the longest installation times. Before pouring the screed, the cable must be laid very carefully in accordance with the intended laying step.

The loss of room height, which is apparent in certain apartments, is the main complaint. A noteworthy drawback of this kind of sex is that some plumbing equipment and furniture can be challenging to install.

This technology has numerous benefits despite all of its drawbacks. Therefore, the cable can be installed in rooms with somewhat complicated perimeters and rooms that need to have additional elements heated. This is particularly pertinent to a number of externally facing private home components, including drains and roof tints.

Classification of cables

Products fall into the following categories:

1. Resistant one -vein. Here heat transfer is the same almost along the entire length. The disadvantage of such a cable may be the local overheating of some sections of the flooring. As for installation, then you need to ensure that both ends are at one point.
2. Distributive two -core. Here one core serves to generate heat, and the second – for conducting electric current. During the installation of such a product, it is not necessary to mount the two ends of the cable at one point. Another advantage of such a material is that a two -core cable has a return core, and is also additionally covered with a layer of insulation, which makes it safer for use. The main difference between a single -core cable and a two -dignified cable is that the end of the first will have to be returned to the thermostat
3. Self -regulating. This product is able to independently adjust its power, depending on whether the temperature in the room decreased or increased. In addition, the presented product is very well protected by mechanical, chemical or electric damage. That is, the floor is completely protected from the possibility of overheating. Its device is quite simple: two veins conducting current are placed parallel to each other. There is also a semiconductor matrix inside the cable, which is a heating element. The entire structure is covered with a steel braid and an external insulating shell.

A few more features are included. For instance, you can use a resistive one- or two-core heating element in rooms with complex structures because of its good power and flexibility. Regarding the self-regulating wire, it is thought to be more costly, potent, and efficient. It will also last a very long time and is highly dependable.

Sensors

An external or internal thermal sensor is a tiny communication device needed for heating flooring equipment to operate properly. determines the room’s air temperature, adjusts the floor’s heating level, and transmits data to the thermostat processor.

• Internal thermal attires are mounted in the design of the floor, directly between the turns of the heating electric cable. Intended to control the warranty system.
• External devices are most often located in the thermostat itself and track the air temperature in the living room.

Only interior thermal attire is typically used in warm floors that are used as an auxiliary heating system. The issue of ambient temperature becomes crucial if the equipment serves as the apartment or house’s primary and only source of heating. As a result, installing more external sensors is necessary.

Оогда кабельных теплые полы кладутся под ламинатное покрытие, деревянный паркет или любой другой материал, восприимьивый к перегреву, острая необходимость в системе повышенного контроля за температурой. In this instance, it is necessary to place both kinds of sensors.

Warm floor cable design

Indeed, it is design rather than types or not types. In its most basic form, this kind of cable is available for purchase in the bay. It will be your responsibility to arrange the cable in the bays on the floor and to handle the necessary repairs. The amount of work is just growing, but it’s not complicated.

The product is sold as a "kit of warm floor" after the manufacturer fixes the cable on the polymer grid to make installation easier.

"Warm floor mats" are made of a mesh that has a cable through it. The polymer base is twisted into a roll, but it is not a necessary component of this kit. It is cuttable in order to bend or turn it. Additionally, generally speaking, only partially remove. One-core heating cables are typically mounted on mats. Such mats do not have a single standard’s width.

Seasonal factors also affect the cost of a heating cable in addition to power and manufacturer. A single linear meter of two-core cable will cost between 450 and 470 pesos at the very least. The wheel of 400 will cost you one cereal. The cost of the same cable, as listed on the grid, starts at 1,300 r/m2.

In the warm floor sets, there must be:

• Thermal attewer
• Thermostat
• Corrugated tube

Terminal boxes, connectors, and bituminous insulators are examples of expensive sets.

Installation of thermostats

The thermostat’s location needs to be identified first. At least 30 centimeters must separate it from the floor when mounted on one of the room’s walls. Thermostats are usually positioned close to the switches. A hole the size of a regular socket is drilled into the wall.

The power supply is turned on without the zero, phase, and grounding connections made before the mounting box is installed. Next, position the stroke so that it points from the thermostat towards the floor. It has multiple sections of a corrugated roster or pipe laid in it. One or two segments are taken out from the wall close to the floor, and the cable connecting wires are inserted into them.

The pipe segment situated amidst them needs to be placed on the ground up to the point situated between 50 and 100 centimeters from the wall. Currently, replacing the sensor can be done without any issues when it crashes. To do this, take off the thermostat panel and disconnect the damaged element from the pipe using the wire. Next, add a new product and connect it.

Type of heating cable

Given the speed at which technologies are evolving, it is impossible to pinpoint the precise number of different kinds of heating cable that are available. We’ll look at three different types of the most popular cables.

One-core cable that is resistant. has a high specific resistance and is a shielded single-core wire. Assuming that all technical connection requirements are met, the cable heats up to no more than +65 degrees. mandates the use of the thermostat, which controls the floor’s overall temperature and prevents the cable from overheating and failing. connects to POODICE OF BOTHERS, so the cable’s start and finish should be at the same location.

A heating section of an installation kit is designed to be the desired power, and it includes a cold connecting wire for connecting to a thermostat. Using a design of your own According to the OMA Law, the length of the heating sections (Chinese Brothers cable is sold separately in meters) is calculated. In that case, the recommended amount of power (current current * voltage) dissipated by the cable should not be exceeded. In other words, the manufacturer specifies the cable meter’s power; the length needs to be determined so that the power and the current flowing through the section match.

Two-core cable with resistance. It functions on the same principle as a single -dinoid, with the exception that COURE COODIC CABL is connected on one side.

For switching, both varieties need to have a thermostat and temperature sensor. A cable that isn’t thermostated may overheat and break quickly. The linear’s power ranges from 10 to 20 watts, depending on the model and manufacturer. Additionally, the resistive cable’s thickness, which is typically around 5 mm, can differ between manufacturers.

Cable that regulates itself. Throughout its whole length, the heating element of this kind of cable is situated in between the conductive veins. The heating material is built around a positive temperature coefficient (PTC) semiconductor. The wire "fried" the cold floor more forcefully and "barely heated" the heated floor because the stronger it is and the surrounding area warms up, the less heat it releases. The existence of models with a power of up to 60+ watts per linear meter is a distinguishing feature of this type. When the floor is cold, power is zero; when it gets hot, power is reduced.

Due to its higher power, one of this product’s key benefits is that it heats the cold floor more quickly. It is possible to install such a cable without a thermostat. Nonetheless, there is a noticeable electricity savings when the thermostat is installed.

Generally speaking, this product costs an order of magnitude more than resistive heaters. Heating pipes is a more common use for it than warming floors.

Thermostats

A thermostat is a gadget used to regulate the heating system. enables each user to adjust the heating temperature to their preferred level by reducing or increasing it.

These kinds of accessories come in the broadest variety and offer the most brands in the current market. Device prices are mostly determined by the manufacturer. China produces the cheapest models; Belarusian and Russian companies lead the average price segment, and products from Danish, Finnish, and Swedish brands command the highest prices.

The kind of thermoregulatory device is an additional factor in the price. Modern programmable models with a large feature set and a memory base that lets you set the preferred heating mode for three to seven days will be far more expensive for the customer than plain, unassuming devices with a minimal set of functions.

The method of management is the third component of price. There are thermostats on the market today that are mechanical, wireless, button, and sensory. You will have to pay more money for a device whose design is more complex. The modern sensory version that allows you to program the system to turn on and off for several days in advance will set you back a substantial amount of money, but the mechanics will be available for a very reasonable price.

Prior to making a purchase, the user should ascertain which features of the thermostat they will use on a regular basis. Paying too much for opportunities that go unclaimed is pointless.

Laying heating cables

It is necessary to connect power ends to the thermostatic device via the wall. The couplings in this instance ought to be in the screed. Install a cable in the shape of a "snail" or "snake" in accordance with the plan to heat the floor. They almost always use the second installation option because the first method is more difficult to implement and offers no benefits. Occasionally, they will lay two or three "snakes."

The installation step value is chosen with the necessary power in mind; the closer the wires are located, the higher the value. There is a minimum of 5 centimeters and a maximum of 30 centimeters between the adjacent conductors. The purpose of the premises determines a more accurate step; in common rooms, it is usually smaller, and in bedrooms, it is typically larger.

Additionally, if preferred, the distance can be shortened in the center of the room as well as around windows and doorways.

When creating a plan for the wire placement, the most important consideration is that the cables cannot cross over or come into contact with one another; instead, there should be a minimum of 15 centimeters between the cables and the walls. Following the installation of the heating elements, a floor temperature sensor must be installed. A corrugated hose is used to connect the sensor’s wires to the thermostat.

Placing it in the middle of the two wires is ideal. Once the screed is tall enough, the sensor tube can be positioned atop and secured. It is necessary to touch the black floor when the thickness is insufficient.

Once the heating elements are installed, the floor temperature sensor needs to be adjusted. A corrugated hose is used to connect the sensor’s wires to the thermostat. Placing it in the middle of the two wires is ideal. Once the screed is tall enough, the sensor tube can be positioned atop and secured. It is necessary to touch the black floor when the thickness is insufficient.

Manufacturers

A ranking of the TOP-5 most popular warm electric sex grades was created:

• The Danish company is the leader Devi. The high quality of its products is not the only advantage. The company pleases with an affordable price, ease of service and the durability of systems. Reviews about goods are completely positive. Consumers did not record a single case of the failure of the structure due to marriage.
• Korean brand Caeo produces infrared film mats. Its products are much more expensive, but have impressive technical characteristics.

• Leading domestic manufacturers are competing companies "Teplolux" and "National Comfort", producing high -quality heating systems.
• Firm ENSTO (Finland) PHe cuts out goods on the market, which is the best suited for the Russian climate. The systems are designed specifically for operation in places with adverse conditions: for rooms with high humidity, for overly dry, unheated, having other problems.
• Company Topan specializes in the release of reliable and budget cables, the most famous of which is the TOP-3UTP10PR -G.

Connection

The standard connection circuit states that the distribution boxes’ output voltage of 220 V is added up and sent straight to a thermostat socket. The thermostat operates the switch and the regulator at the same time. It is advised that the supply branch safeguard the RCD against leakage currents ranging from 10 to 30 mA. If the current is not stated, it is easy to calculate using the law of OMA, and the cable section is chosen based on that current.

Even a novice who understands the fundamentals of electrical installation shouldn’t have any trouble connecting the thermostat itself.

One important point: since the thermostat is connected to three cables (input of power, output to the cable, thermal attemptor),
In the regulator"s soccer, it will be, to put it mildly, it is cramped. Therefore, you need to take care of convenience
Connections in advance: The socket should take the most accessible depth, supplying power supply
Cable needs to be selected thinner (but in order to withstand the current current), ideally 1.5 mm2 (quite
holds 3.5 kW). Also, it will not be superfluous to take care of the mobility of all cables if the module is installed
in drywall, so that it is possible to push the excess length of the wire from the socket.

When installing a thermostat for the first time, you will need to make adjustments; don’t expect a seamless result! Okay, so we We will conclude our publication on this note.

Installation

The following algorithm guides the installation of the electric floor:

• Project preparation and calculation of space. First you need to draw a plan for each room in which it is planned to install a heating system. After that, a separate calculation of the total area of the room (S shit) is performed. Further on the plan, the arrangement of furniture is noted, the area occupied by it (SM) is calculated. Based on these data, you can calculate the direct area of styling (S) by applying a simple formula: S = S shit – SM

If the heated surface takes up less than 50–80% of the room’s total area, using heated floors is not appropriate.

• Calculation of heating power. At the preliminary stages of installation, it is necessary to calculate the power of the electric heating device. There is a formula for this: RP = RP*1.3, where RP is the power of heat loss, RTR – the power of the thermostat. That is, the power of the heating device should be calculated with a margin of 30 %.

• The choice of a resistive cable or a heating mat. Wires are selected taking into account the power and type of room. This can be done according to special assortment tables that various manufacturers produce. The choice of mat is also based on power and assortment indicators.

• Calculation of the required amount of heating element. For the cable floor, the laying step is necessarily determined, that is, the distance between wired contours. Calculations are made according to the formula: x = s * 100/dkab, where s – cable laying area, Dkab – wire length.

On building sites, built-in calculators are a better option for calculating the final variable, which is the cable’s length. The formulas are not needed when figuring out how many heating mats are needed. It suffices to be knowledgeable about styling.

• Calculation of the electrical system of the warm floor. This stage, which includes the collection of technical and permits for installation, as well as an assessment of the state of the electrical wiring, is better to entrust professionals.
• The choice of the thermostat. Going to the store for the most important device in this scheme, it is advisable to follow the simple recommendations:

1. listen to the advice of consultants;
2. take into account indicators of current load;
3. give preference to models with a temperature sensor if the underlying system is planned to be used only as an additional heat source;
4. purchase a multi -sized regulator with remote sensors if electric heating is carried out simultaneously in several rooms.

• Design design. In order to security and further uninterrupted functioning of the system, it is better to entrust this work to an electrician.
• Thermal insulation black floor, for example, mineral wool.
• Cable fixation Or laying a mat. The process is not particularly difficult.
• Installation of the thermostat and sensors. This step is the most responsible of all. If you are not confident in your abilities, then trust the work to a professional.
• System connection. One -core cable is connected by connecting two ends to the device, and two -core – one. To close such a chain, the end clutch is used, with which you need to combine the free end. At this stage, it"s time to cut, shorten or lengthen the cable, adjusting it to the right size.

With the right tools, you can cut the cable yourself.

• System check. It is carried out within half an hour.
• Pouring. If tiles are selected as a floor covering, then the concrete screed can be replaced with tile glue.
• Alignment. The principle of operation is the distribution of the solution.
• Drying. The layer of the flooded mixture should dry. To speed up the process, it is recommended to open the door outside.
• Laying the finish decorative coating. It remains only to lay the material selected as a floor covering.

The design and principle of operation of the cable floor

We can infer from the name of the cable warm floor that heating wires make up the majority of its construction. Depending on the types of wires used, electrical systems can be of several types:

1. One -core. This cable consists of one core, which performs the functions of the conductor and the heating element. Despite the fact that such a system performs the tasks in the heating of the room, it has high radiation. Therefore, it is not recommended to be used in frequently visited rooms.
2. Two -core. This design has two wires: heating and closing. A feature of this system is that it has a minimum electromagnetic radiation, so it can be used even in children"s rooms. Also, due to the fact that only one cable is returned to the thermostat, the time allotted for installations can be halved by half. The disadvantages of this type include a high price, so not everyone can purchase it.
3. Self -regulatory. This is the most difficult, but also at that time, a more reliable design of cable warm floor. With an increase in temperature in certain sections of the system, the structure of the wires independently regulates the resistance, which prevents overheating of the heating elements.

Two types of wires can be used to create the aforementioned wire types: coils and mats.

The wires are arranged and fastened in the fiberglass mesh mats using a snake. This grid can be divided into segments of varying sizes without compromising the integrity of the cables, which is very useful for installing in difficult-to-reach areas of the room.

The electric cable warm floor operates on the principle of converting incoming thermal energy from heating elements under or within the floor into thermal energy. As a result, the room starts to heat up due to heat flow seeping through the finish coatings.

Laying tiles on a warm floor

The technology indicates that installing tiles on a heated floor is comparable to lining a wall or floor normally. In order to accomplish this, you must follow a specific order and carry out a number of tasks, but first you must set up a room that is roughly twenty degrees Celsius.

The space should also be cleared of clutter and dirt, and if needed, the floor should be leveled. Use a unique solution with a thickness of three to seven centimeters to accomplish this.

Remember that you need to mist the surface with a spray gun before placing tiles on a heated groove. Tile laying operations are performed in the following sequence: . preparing the glue, refining it to the appropriate consistency, and then smearing it across the 70 x 70 cm floor; Tile processing with a glue composition involves using a gear spatula to carefully lay the tiles on the floor, then lightly pressing them (being mindful of the masonry’s evenness as you go). The size of the spatula’s teeth depends on the size of the room. The larger the room, the larger this indicator.

Each tile’s center must be directly pressed upon; Installing plastic crossings is necessary to level the seams between the tiles (one cross should fall on four tiles that fit together); Plastic crosses ought to be taken out once the styling’s smoothness has been verified; Tile coating needs to be protected from even the smallest mechanical loads for at least one day; Grouting the seams is an option once the glue base has dried and the tiles have become securely adhered to the floor. Grout paste needs to be applied to intelligent seams.

1. Preparation of the desired glue, breeding it to the desired consistency and applying to the floor surface (70 × 70 cm);
2. Processing of tiles with a glue composition using a gear spatula (the size of the spatula teeth is dependent on the dimensions of the floor room- the larger they are, the greater and this indicator);
3. Laying tiles carefully on the floor, and then a slight pressing (in this case, attention should be paid to the evenness of the masonry. You need to press directly on the middle part of each tile);
4. To align the seams between the tiles, you need to install crossings from plastic (one cross should fall on four tiles fitting with each other);
5. After the evenness of the styling is checked, plastic crosses should be removed;
6. The tile coating should be left at least one day, without exposing it to even the slightest mechanical loads;
7. After the adhesive base dries and the tiles on the floor surface is firmly fixed, it is possible to grout the seams. Intelligent seams must be filled with grout paste.

In order to ensure that the tile glue has completely set, experts advise against rushing the grouting process because doing so could cause the tiles to shift.

You should choose the grout with the higher value of the elasticity indicator when selecting a grout, keeping an eye on this indicator.

Even those who are not experts in this field can complete the tile-laying process on a heated floor with minimal expertise because it cannot be described as particularly complex. This makes it possible to partially lower the cost of building and repair work, which is crucial in cases where such work is carried out in line with budget projections.

What you need to know about the heating element of the cable warm floor

The fundamental heating component of a cable system intended for floor heating is an electric cable. You should ascertain the equipment’s power per unit length at the time of purchase. Customers can purchase electric cables with a specific heat release level ranging from 17 W/m to 21 W/m from a number of manufacturers and trademarks. Not only is the slightest excess of these indicators highly undesirable, but it is also dangerous. The cable floor heating system typically uses either resistive or self-regulating cable.

Features of self -regulating cable

The self-regulating cable’s design allows it to adapt to changes in the room temperature where the heating equipment is situated, thus releasing useful heat at the appropriate level. These warm floors can be installed directly beneath the flooring because local overheating poses no threat to them.

Specificity and a resistive cable device

Most electric heated floors use resistant heating cable. It is categorized using the following criteria and appropriate for various flooring types:

1. Setup:

• one -core have 1 metallic warring core (made of brass, galvanized steel, nichrome or other high -strength material) and 2 compound conclusions located from both ends of the cable. They are supplied with internal insulation and a special screen that protects the structure from all kinds of mechanical damage and reduces the level of electromagnetic radiation;
• The two -core consist of 2 cores (heating+return or warming+heating), one mounting output and a convenient end clutch. On top are covered with a metal braid and an active protective screen. The layout scheme is much simpler than that of one -core, but the cost is slightly higher.

2. Density:

• Thin – from 2 to 3 mm – do not need screening styling and are easily mounted even in a layer of ordinary tile glue;
• Thick-from 4 to 5 mm-for the correct work, befitted with concrete-cement mortar (screed).

3. Using the linear meter as a basis, general linear power

• Active heating cable – 18–22 W/p.m. – has a high efficiency of efficiency and requires intensive heat transfer. Above it, a layer of durable heat -intensive material at least 3 centimeters high is placed above it. With this installation option, the necessary selection of heat generated by the cable occurs, and the system does not overheat even during constant operation;
• moderate heating cable – 8–12 W/p.m. – warms up slowly and smoothly. Suitable for “dry” installation, for installation without the use of a cement-concrete screed and for laying for flooring with low heat production (laminate, carpet, linoleum, parquet, etc.).

Electric cables of both kinds function steadily, long-lasting, and dependably. The heating cable has a minimum 50-year service life if the system is installed and run strictly in compliance with the manufacturer’s guidelines.

Babin offers floor heating system heating cables for sale in two different forms: individually wrapped sections and rolls. Mats are made of a fiberglass grid-stitched thermal conductor that is laid down by a snake. Naturally, such material can be readily broken into pieces without endangering the integrity of the electrical cable, and planes of any size and shape can be used to cover it.

Installation work

Up to one meter is left between each stripe when the mounting tape is installed. This is going to make fixing the cable much easier. This step can be safely omitted if the heater is a mat. It is advised to test the cable before installation. Passport data is compared and measured with the resistance level.

A specific distance separates the heating element from the wall. It is typically 5–10 cm. In this instance, the floor area is multiplied by 100, and the resulting number is then divided by the heater’s length. Usually, the step is between 8 and 15 cm.

It is crucial that the cable not be bent in this location.

Installing a touch temperature sensor is crucial. It is set up in an identical manner. Placing it in a corrugated pipe is preferable. Installing a box where the thermostat will be placed is another option at this step. It is then advised to take another measurement of the resistance. Once everything checks out, you can fill the screed and do a test launch.

Stage 6 pouring screed

Heating mats or cables are used to lay an electric heated floor in a screed. Installation is done on the film floor without the use of a screed.

A screed is used during the installation of an electric floor.

• concrete screed. Classic solution for concrete screed
  consists of 4 parts of sand, 1 part of the cement M400, 0.5 parts of water. At
  The use of cement m200 will be 2: 1. To increase elasticity
  solution can be added to it (1%). The advantage of the plasticizer
  in cheapness, lack of a long period of complete drying;

• bulk floor. Pouring floor height 3-10 mm. Therefore, it
  should be applied to several layers. The bulk floor is recommended when the electric warm floor is laid under the laminate;

• Tile glue. Proven according to user reviews
  Option that is advised to give preference if it is mounted .

Whatever kind of material is being screeded, 30 to 50 mm is the ideal height (thickness) for the screed.

Note: You can use small amounts of crushed stone or expanded clay as a filler for concrete, but never use both. These substances have the potential to disrupt heat transfer, which could result in systems overheating.

Rules for laying cable warm floor

Cable electric sex laying calls for dexterity as well as adherence to a few basic but crucial guidelines.

1. Work begins with preparation. The past coating (if any) is carefully removed, and the surface is thoroughly cleaned of dust and fine garbage using an industrial vacuum cleaner. All defects and irregularities are necessarily embedded in a special self -leveling mixture, which is sold in construction supermarkets.
2. A thermal insulation tape is laid out around the perimeter with a thickness of not more than 1 millimeter. This is done in order to protect the walls of the room from contact with a heated screed.
3. On a prepared and flat surface without height drops, insulating material with a thickness of 3 to 4 mm with a reflective foil coating is spread. This is required to ensure that the equipment warms the floor, and does not give the heat of the neighbor"s ceiling from the apartment dedicated to the heat. The material is attached to the floor using a strong mounting adhesive tape and stapler, or through a bilateral tape. The joints between the stripes must be left as little as possible.
4. When all of the above actions are made, the scheme of future styling is marked on the surface, and then, according to the marking, the cable is located and fixed with special clamps.Optimal parameters are considered:
5. step in 80-150 mm;
6. the distance from the wall directly to the wire is 50–100 mm;
7. from gas and water pipes – 100-150 mm;
8. cable bend – at least 50 mm;
9. wire connection – only in the screed area.
10. After the layout, the heating cable is connected to the power and the control panel is connected to the system. Next, thermal attires are mounted and the equipment is launched for testing in various temperature conditions.
11. If the warm floors function normally during the day, the final stage is carried out and the cable is poured with a concrete-cement screed with a thickness of 4 to 5 centimeters, depending on the power of the cable. The screeding mass is very carefully distributed on top of heating elements with a building spatula. It is very important to do everything neatly and prevent the formation of air pockets, which in the future will interfere with quality heating.
12. Когда стяжка полностью высохнет и отвердеет, монтируется финишное декоративное покрытие и дальше система эксплуатируется согласно заявленным стандартам и техническим требованиям.

When cable heating equipment is installed correctly, it can save a significant amount of money on utility bills, last a long time, and completely heat the room.

How a cable for a warm floor is connected

The power cable must be introduced into the power grid at home. This should be done using a corrugated pipe that will physically protect the wire from damage. It is advisable to completely hide the power supply line if possible, walled up in the wall. With the help of the operation of the stroke, a ditch is performed in which the cable is laid. More modern connection options involve a completely hidden installation of warm floors. The cable into the screed is integrated along with all communications, which are also connected to the outlet placed on the floor. These are special electrical devices that protect against damage. However, this node cannot be made completely inaccessible. The same floor sockets have opening hatches with niches, into which you can freely start a cable for connecting.

Resistant cable

A heating core shielded by a wire or foil membrane makes up a two-core or one-core resistive wire. The first cable’s design only has one heating core, while the second cable’s design has two heating veins. The material used to make the core of each cable is what primarily distinguishes them from one another. They can use nichrome, copper, or brass to accomplish this. The electrical resistance indicator for each metal varies. In production, nichrome is used most frequently. It enables you to adjust the cable section’s overall heat release to a more suitable level.

The entire length of the resistive cable exhibits consistent heat transfer. A different site may overheat as a result of this feature. For instance, a section of the floor that is enclosed by furniture. When designing the heating circuit’s location, it is essential to minimize the number of cables or, in general, remove them from the area. This disadvantage will prevent future furniture rearrangements to take place somewhere else.

Aside from resistance, the overall length and allowable gap between the floor-mounted heating elements of the circuit must be considered when determining which cable is best. The following variables will aid in ensuring that the surface warms evenly: .. The product’s manufacturer specifies the acceptable spacing between the heating elements.

The occurrence of temperature variations in specific regions of the electric warm floor is at risk if the guidelines are not followed. In other words, the alleged "zebra" will surface. Generally, the manufacturer advises keeping steps no higher than 120 mm. CABLE CABLE CABLE CARE LIGHT, for which the contour calculation must be done accurately. It will not be possible to cut off the excess part or add the missing piece during installation.

• The permissible distance between the heating elements is indicated by the manufacturer of the product. Failure to comply with the recommendations threatens the manifestation of temperature differences in certain areas of electric warm floor. That is, the so -called "zebra" will appear. Usually, the manufacturer recommends maintain a step of no more than 120 mm.
• On sale the cable is a certain length, which requires the correct calculation of the contour. When installing, add the missing piece or cut off the excess part will be impossible.

The quantity of heating cores in a cable is an additional crucial factor that you should consider.

One -core cable

For the chain to be closed during installation, the same cable type must converge at one point. Two of the non-heated ends are connected to the thermostat, which is a feature of the design. The same cable type is superior to other views in a number of ways.

• The maximum heating temperature is much higher than the two -core type can afford;
• small electricity consumption;
• Low price of the product.

The following points comprise the general installation scheme:

1. The end of the cable is connected to the thermostat not heated by an electric current.
2. The circuit is placed on the floor according to the scheme.
3. The second “cold” end is returned to close the chain and also connected to the thermostat.

If you have a preference for a particular kind of heating element, you should be aware that single-core wire is preferable for public areas and non-residential rooms. A kitchen, restroom, bathroom, or hallway can all be considered suitable rooms at home.

Two -core cable

When installing the second end of the wire, a return is not necessary for heating elements with two cores. The connecting coupling placed at one end of the circuit causes the circuit to close. Two-core wires have the following benefits:

• The simplicity of laying wires that does not require the return of the second end allows you to form the circuit of the heat track of any complexity;
• one -sided switching to the thermostat;
• The electric current passing through the two -core wire does not change the electromagnetic field.

The following steps must be taken in order to connect the circuit:

1. A special coupling is connected by an electric circuit on one end of the wire and connected to a thermostat.
2. The circuit is laid on the floor according to the scheme.
3. The veins of the second end of the wire are simply connected to each other and isolated.

Owing to its benefits, a two-core wire is preferable for living rooms as opposed to other spaces like bedrooms or hallways.

Electric warm floor of advantages and disadvantages

Pros:

• the ability to use both the main and in
  as an additional source of heating of housing;

• uniform heating of the entire area of the room;

• Unlimited installation sites. Accessibility for installation,
  both in living rooms and in offices;

• compatibility with most floor coverings
  (laminated board, ceramic tiles, linoleum);

• the ability to adjust the temperature regime – as throughout
  apartment, and separately for each room. Turning on/shutdown time of the system
  is also specified at the discretion of users;

• lack of the need to install additional
  equipment (as, for example, in case of C);

• relatively simple installation technology;

• Aesthetics. The system is mounted under the final floor, this
  excludes any restrictions in the design of an affordable space;

• Long life.

Minuses:

• Significant cost of using the system. This type
  heating is difficult to call economical;

• The danger of electric shock. That puts forward
  Special requirements for calculating and laying the heating element in all
  [/NoEDITS] premises, and in particular in the bathroom;

• the presence of an electromagnetic field created by the heating
  element (cable);

• The use of natural wooden
  flooring (it is impossible to lay under parquet, floorboard), t.To. under
  by exposure to temperature extremes will be dry out as a result,
  Cracks and Sluts of Paul appear;

• Reducing the height of the room due to the arrangement of draft
  gender with a heating system;

• additional requirements for the power of existing
  Wiring.

Professionals and individuals who have installed their own electric heated floors observe that most of the listed drawbacks can be eliminated with careful design and adherence to laying specifications.

Which affects electricity consumption with cable heating of the floors

Factors influencing the Electric Warm Paul system’s energy usage

• the climatic zone in which the house is built (private or
  multi -apartment);

• the volume of the premises (area);

• type of floor (type of flooring);

• The level of thermal insulation of the room (degree of fatigue);

• The condition of the warm circuit (windows, doors) and level
  heat loss through them;

• the purpose of the premises (living room, industrial facility);

• The purpose and period of operation. Is the electric one used
  Pop as the main or additional heating system. Constantly or
  periodically;

• The degree of heat perception of people living in a premises.

Reviews from people who have already installed electric warm floors indicate that, when used as the primary heat source, the system’s power output is 170-200 W/m.sq.+ an additional 100-150 W/m.sq.

Selecting the appropriate cable for your heated floor is essential to guaranteeing both comfort and energy economy in your house. Given the variety of cables available, it’s critical to take into account elements like your spending limit, the size of the area that needs to be heated, and the kind of flooring you currently have.

To make sure the cable can effectively heat the specified area, it is imperative to evaluate its power requirements prior to making a decision. This entails figuring out how much electricity is required per square foot or meter of space, accounting for insulation, preferred room temperature, and weather.

The efficiency and durability of your warm floor system are greatly influenced by installation principles. A proper installation entails carefully adhering to the manufacturer’s instructions to guarantee uniform cable spacing and coverage across the entire floor area. It’s also critical to take into account elements like floor preparation, which include making sure the surface is level and has enough insulation.

Furthermore, seeking advice and valuable insights from experts or seasoned installers can be beneficial during the selection and installation process. They can provide recommendations based on your unique requirements and preferences, assisting you in making wise choices and steering clear of typical pitfalls.

To sum up, choosing the appropriate cable for your heated floor and following installation guidelines are crucial measures towards establishing a cozy and energy-efficient living space. You can guarantee your warm floor system will operate at peak efficiency and last for a long time, giving you and your family long-lasting comfort, by taking into account factors like cable type, power requirements, and installation techniques.

Video on the topic

One -core and two -core heating cable, main differences